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Features
* HIGH PERFORMANCE E2CMOS(R) TECHNOLOGY -- 3.5 ns Maximum Propagation Delay -- Fmax = 250 MHz -- 2.5 ns Maximum from Clock Input to Data Output -- UltraMOS(R) Advanced CMOS Technology * 3.3V LOW VOLTAGE 16V8 ARCHITECTURE -- JEDEC-Compatible 3.3V Interface Standard -- 5V Compatible Inputs -- I/O Interfaces with Standard 5V TTL Devices (GAL16LV8C) * ACTIVE PULL-UPS ON ALL PINS (GAL16LV8D Only) * E CELL TECHNOLOGY -- Reconfigurable Logic -- Reprogrammable Cells -- 100% Tested/100% Yields -- High Speed Electrical Erasure (<100ms) -- 20 Year Data Retention * EIGHT OUTPUT LOGIC MACROCELLS -- Maximum Flexibility for Complex Logic Designs -- Programmable Output Polarity * PRELOAD AND POWER-ON RESET OF ALL REGISTERS -- 100% Functional Testability * APPLICATIONS INCLUDE: -- Glue Logic for 3.3V Systems -- DMA Control -- State Machine Control -- High Speed Graphics Processing -- Standard Logic Speed Upgrade * ELECTRONIC SIGNATURE FOR IDENTIFICATION
2
GAL16LV8
Low Voltage E2CMOS PLD Generic Array LogicTM
Functional Block Diagram
I/CLK
CLK
8 I 8 I
OLMC
I/O/Q
OLMC
I/O/Q
PROGRAMMABLE AND-ARRAY (64 X 32)
8
OLMC
I/O/Q
I
8
OLMC
I/O/Q
I
8
OLMC
I/O/Q
I
8
OLMC
I/O/Q
I 8 I 8 I
OLMC
OE
OLMC
I/O/Q
I/O/Q
I/OE
Description
The GAL16LV8D, at 3.5 ns maximum propagation delay time, provides the highest speed performance available in the PLD market. The GAL16LV8C can interface with both 3.3V and 5V signal levels. The GAL16LV8 is manufactured using Lattice Semiconductor's advanced 3.3V E2CMOS process, which combines CMOS with Electrically Erasable (E2) floating gate technology. High speed erase times (<100ms) allow the devices to be reprogrammed quickly and efficiently. The 3.3V GAL16LV8 uses the same industry standard 16V8 architecture as its 5V counterpart and supports all architectural features such as combinatorial or registered macrocell operations. Unique test circuitry and reprogrammable cells allow complete AC, DC, and functional testing during manufacture. As a result, Lattice Semiconductor delivers 100% field programmability and functionality of all GAL products. In addition, 100 erase/write cycles and data retention in excess of 20 years are specified.
Pin Configuration
PLCC
I I 2 I I I I I 8 14 9 I GND 11 I/OE I/O/Q 13 I/O/Q 6 4 I/CLK Vcc 20 18 I/O/Q I/O/Q I/O/Q
GAL16LV8
Top View
16
I/O/Q I/O/Q I/O/Q
Copyright (c) 1997 Lattice Semiconductor Corp. All brand or product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders. The specifications and information herein are subject to change without notice.
LATTICE SEMICONDUCTOR CORP., 5555 Northeast Moore Ct., Hillsboro, Oregon 97124, U.S.A. Tel. (503) 268-8000; 1-800-LATTICE; FAX (503) 268-8556; http://www.latticesemi.com
December 1997
16lv8_04
1
Specifications GAL16LV8
GAL16LV8 Ordering Information
Commercial Grade Specifications
Tpd (ns) 3.5 5 7.5 10 15 Tsu (ns) 3 4 6 7 12 Tco (ns) 2.5 3 5 7 10 Icc (mA) 70 70 65 65 65 Ordering # GAL16LV8D-3LJ GAL16LV8D-5LJ GAL16LV8C-7LJ GAL16LV8C-10LJ GAL16LV8C-15LJ Package 20-Lead PLCC 20-Lead PLCC 20-Lead PLCC 20-Lead PLCC 20-Lead PLCC
Part Number Description
XXXXXXXX _ XX X XX
GAL16LV8D Device Name GAL16LV8C Speed (ns) L = Low Power Power Grade Blank = Commercial
Package J = PLCC
2
Specifications GAL16LV8
Output Logic Macrocell (OLMC)
The following discussion pertains to configuring the output logic macrocell. It should be noted that actual implementation is accomplished by development software/hardware and is completely transparent to the user. There are three global OLMC configuration modes possible: simple, complex, and registered. Details of each of these modes are illustrated in the following pages. Two global bits, SYN and AC0, control the mode configuration for all macrocells. The XOR bit of each macrocell controls the polarity of the output in any of the three modes, while the AC1 bit of each of the macrocells controls the input/output configuration. These two global and 16 individual architecture bits define all possible configurations in a GAL16LV8. The information given on these architecture bits is only to give a better understanding of the device. Compiler software will transparently set these architecture bits from the pin definitions, so the user should not need to directly manipulate these architecture bits. The following is a list of the PAL architectures that the GAL16LV8 can emulate. It also shows the OLMC mode under which the GAL16LV8 emulates the PAL architecture.
PAL Architectures Emulated by GAL16LV8 16R8 16R6 16R4 16RP8 16RP6 16RP4 16L8 16H8 16P8 10L8 12L6 14L4 16L2 10H8 12H6 14H4 16H2 10P8 12P6 14P4 16P2 GAL16LV8 Global OLMC Mode Registered Registered Registered Registered Registered Registered Complex Complex Complex Simple Simple Simple Simple Simple Simple Simple Simple Simple Simple Simple Simple
Compiler Support for OLMC
Software compilers support the three different global OLMC modes as different device types. These device types are listed in the table below. Most compilers have the ability to automatically select the device type, generally based on the register usage and output enable (OE) usage. Register usage on the device forces the software to choose the registered mode. All combinatorial outputs with OE controlled by the product term will force the software to choose the complex mode. The software will choose the simple mode only when all outputs are dedicated combinatorial without OE control. The different device types listed in the table can be used to override the automatic device selection by the software. For further details, refer to the compiler software manuals. When using compiler software to configure the device, the user must pay special attention to the following restrictions in each mode. In registered mode pin 1 and pin 11 are permanently configured as clock and output enable, respectively. These pins cannot be configured as dedicated inputs in the registered mode. In complex mode pin 1 and pin 11 become dedicated inputs and use the feedback paths of pin 19 and pin 12 respectively. Because of this feedback path usage, pin 19 and pin 12 do not have the feedback option in this mode. In simple mode all feedback paths of the output pins are routed via the adjacent pins. In doing so, the two inner most pins ( pins 15 and 16) will not have the feedback option as these pins are always configured as dedicated combinatorial output.
Registered ABEL CUPL LOG/iC OrCAD-PLD PLDesigner TANGO-PLD P16V8R G16V8MS GAL16V8_R "Registered"1 P16V8R2 G16V8R
Complex P16V8C G16V8MA GAL16V8_C7 "Complex"1 P16V8C2 G16V8C
Simple P16V8AS G16V8AS GAL16V8_C8 "Simple"1 P16V8C2 G16V8AS3
Auto Mode Select P16V8 G16V8 GAL16V8 GAL16V8A P16V8A G16V8
1) Used with Configuration keyword. 2) Prior to Version 2.0 support. 3) Supported on Version 1.20 or later.
3
Specifications GAL16LV8
Registered Mode
In the Registered mode, macrocells are configured as dedicated registered outputs or as I/O functions. Architecture configurations available in this mode are similar to the common 16R8 and 16RP4 devices with various permutations of polarity, I/O and register placement. All registered macrocells share common clock and output enable control pins. Any macrocell can be configured as registered or I/ O. Up to eight registers or up to eight I/Os are possible in this mode. Dedicated input or output functions can be implemented as subsets of the I/O function. Registered outputs have eight product terms per output. I/Os have seven product terms per output. The JEDEC fuse numbers, including the User Electronic Signature (UES) fuses and the Product Term Disable (PTD) fuses, are shown on the logic diagram on the following page.
CLK
Registered Configuration for Registered Mode - SYN=0. - AC0=1. - XOR=0 defines Active Low Output. - XOR=1 defines Active High Output. - AC1=0 defines this output configuration. - Pin 1 controls common CLK for the registered outputs. - Pin 11 controls common OE for the registered outputs. - Pin 1 & Pin 11 are permanently configured as CLK & OE for registered output configuration.
D
Q Q
XOR
OE
Combinatorial Configuration for Registered Mode - SYN=0. - AC0=1. - XOR=0 defines Active Low Output. - XOR=1 defines Active High Output. - AC1=1 defines this output configuration. - Pin 1 & Pin 11 are permanently configured as CLK & OE for registered output configuration.
XOR
Note: The development software configures all of the architecture control bits and checks for proper pin usage automatically.
4
Specifications GAL16LV8
Registered Mode Logic Diagram
PLCC Package Pinout
1
0 4 8 12 16 20
24
28
2128 PTD
0000
OLMC
0224
19
2
0256
XOR-2048 AC1-2120
OLMC
0480
18
3
0512
XOR-2049 AC1-2121
OLMC
0736
17
4
0768
XOR-2050 AC1-2122
OLMC
0992
16
5
1024
XOR-2051 AC1-2123
OLMC
1248
15
6
1280
XOR-2052 AC1-2124
OLMC
1504
14
7
1536
XOR-2053 AC1-2125
OLMC
1760
13
8
1792
XOR-2054 AC1-2126
OLMC
2016
12
9
2191
XOR-2055 AC1-2127
OE
11
SYN-2192 AC0-2193
5
Specifications GAL16LV8
Complex Mode
In the Complex mode, macrocells are configured as output only or I/O functions. Architecture configurations available in this mode are similar to the common 16L8 and 16P8 devices with programmable polarity in each macrocell. Up to six I/Os are possible in this mode. Dedicated inputs or outputs can be implemented as subsets of the I/O function. The two outer most macrocells (pins 12 & 19) do not have input capability. Designs requiring eight I/Os can be implemented in the Registered mode. All macrocells have seven product terms per output. One product term is used for programmable output enable control. Pins 1 and 11 are always available as data inputs into the AND array. The JEDEC fuse numbers including the UES fuses and PTD fuses are shown on the logic diagram on the following page.
Combinatorial I/O Configuration for Complex Mode - SYN=1. - AC0=1. - XOR=0 defines Active Low Output. - XOR=1 defines Active High Output. - AC1=1. - Pin 13 through Pin 18 are configured to this function.
XOR
Combinatorial Output Configuration for Complex Mode - SYN=1. - AC0=1. - XOR=0 defines Active Low Output. - XOR=1 defines Active High Output. - AC1=1. - Pin 12 and Pin 19 are configured to this function.
XOR
Note: The development software configures all of the architecture control bits and checks for proper pin usage automatically.
6
Specifications GAL16LV8
Complex Mode Logic Diagram
PLCC Package Pinout
1
2128
0
0000
4
8
12
16
20
24
28
PTD
OLMC
0224
19
2
0256
XOR-2048 AC1-2120
OLMC
0480
18
3
0512
XOR-2049 AC1-2121
OLMC
0736
17
4
0768
XOR-2050 AC1-2122
OLMC
0992
16
5
1024
XOR-2051 AC1-2123
OLMC
1248
15
6
1280
XOR-2052 AC1-2124
OLMC
1504
14
7
1536
XOR-2053 AC1-2125
OLMC
1760
13
8
1792
XOR-2054 AC1-2126
OLMC
2016
12
9
XOR-2055 AC1-2127
11
2191
SYN-2192 AC0-2193
7
Specifications GAL16LV8
Simple Mode
In the Simple mode, macrocells are configured as dedicated inputs or as dedicated, always active, combinatorial outputs. Architecture configurations available in this mode are similar to the common 10L8 and 12P6 devices with many permutations of generic output polarity or input choices. All outputs in the simple mode have a maximum of eight product terms that can control the logic. In addition, each output has programmable polarity. Pins 1 and 11 are always available as data inputs into the AND array. The center two macrocells (pins 15 & 16) cannot be used as input or I/O pins, and are only available as dedicated outputs. The JEDEC fuse numbers including the UES fuses and PTD fuses are shown on the logic diagram.
Vcc
Combinatorial Output with Feedback Configuration for Simple Mode - SYN=1. - AC0=0. - XOR=0 defines Active Low Output. - XOR=1 defines Active High Output. - AC1=0 defines this configuration. - All OLMC except pins 15 & 16 can be configured to this function.
XOR
Combinatorial Output Configuration for Simple Mode
Vcc
XOR
- SYN=1. - AC0=0. - XOR=0 defines Active Low Output. - XOR=1 defines Active High Output. - AC1=0 defines this configuration. - Pins 15 & 16 are permanently configured to this function.
Dedicated Input Configuration for Simple Mode - SYN=1. - AC0=0. - XOR=0 defines Active Low Output. - XOR=1 defines Active High Output. - AC1=1 defines this configuration. - All OLMC except pins 15 & 16 can be configured to this function.
Note: The development software configures all of the architecture control bits and checks for proper pin usage automatically.
8
Specifications GAL16LV8
Simple Mode Logic Diagram
PLCC Package Pinout
1
2128
0
0000
4
8
12
16
20
24
28
PTD
OLMC
XOR-2048 AC1-2120
19
0224
2
0256
OLMC
XOR-2049 AC1-2121
18
0480
3
0512
OLMC
XOR-2050 AC1-2122
17
0736
4
0768
OLMC
XOR-2051 AC1-2123
16
0992
5
1024
OLMC
XOR-2052 AC1-2124
15
1248
6
1280
OLMC
XOR-2053 AC1-2125
14
1504
7
1536
OLMC
XOR-2054 AC1-2126
13
1760
8
1792
OLMC
XOR-2055 AC1-2127
12 11
2016
9
2191
SYN-2192 AC0-2193
9
Specifications GAL16LV8D
Absolute Maximum Ratings(1)
Supply voltage VCC ................................... -0.5 to +4.6V Input voltage applied ................................ -0.5 to +5.6V I/O voltage applied ................................... -0.5 to +4.6V Off-state output voltage applied ............... -0.5 to +4.6V Storage Temperature ................................ -65 to 150C Ambient Temperature with Power Applied ........................................ -55 to 125C
1.Stresses above those listed under the "Absolute Maximum Ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress only ratings and functional operation of the device at these or at any other conditions above those indicated in the operational sections of this specification is not implied (while programming, follow the programming specifications).
Recommended Operating Conditions
Commercial Devices: Ambient Temperature (TA) ............................... 0 to 75C Supply voltage (VCC) with Respect to Ground ......................... +3.0 to +3.6V
DC Electrical Characteristics
Over Recommended Operating Conditions (Unless Otherwise Specified) SYMBOL PARAMETER Input Low Voltage Input High Voltage I/O High Voltage CONDITION MIN. Vss - 0.3 2.0 2.0 0V VIN VIL (MAX.) (Vcc-0.2)V VIN VCC Vcc VIN 5.25V Vcc VIN 4.6V IOL = MAX. Vin = VIL or VIH IOL = 500A Vin = VIL or VIH -- -- -- -- -- -- 2.4 Vcc-0.2V -- -- VCC = 3.3V VOUT = 0.5V TA= 25C -15 TYP.3 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- MAX. 0.8 5.25 Vcc+0.5 -100 10 10 20 0.4 0.2 -- -- 8 -8 -80 UNITS V V V A A A mA V V V V mA mA mA
VIL VIH IIL1 IIH
Input or I/O Low Leakage Current Input or I/O High Leakage Current Input High Leakage Current I/O High Leakage Current
VOL VOH IOL IOH IOS2
Output Low Voltage
Output High Voltage
IOH = MAX. Vin = VIL or VIH IOH = -100A Vin = VIL or VIH
Low Level Output Current High Level Output Current Output Short Circuit Current
COMMERCIAL ICC Operating Power
Supply Current
VIL = 0V VIH = 3.0V Unused Inputs at VIL ftoggle = 1MHz Outputs Open
--
45
70
mA
1) The leakage current is due to the internal pull-up resistor on all pins. See Input Buffer section for more information. 2) One output at a time for a maximum duration of one second. Vout = 0.5V was selected to avoid test problems caused by tester ground degradation. Characterized but not 100% tested. 3) Typical values are at Vcc = 3.3V and TA = 25 C
10
Specifications GAL16LV8D
AC Switching Characteristics
Over Recommended Operating Conditions
COM PARAMETER COM
TEST COND1. A A -- -- -- A
DESCRIPTION Input or I/O to Combinational Output Clock to Output Delay Clock to Feedback Delay Setup Time, Input or Feedback before Clock Hold Time, Input or Feedback after Clock Maximum Clock Frequency with External Feedback, 1/(tsu + tco) Maximum Clock Frequency with Internal Feedback, 1/(tsu + tcf) Maximum Clock Frequency with No Feedback Clock Pulse Duration, High Clock Pulse Duration, Low Input or I/O to Output Enabled OE to Output Enabled Input or I/O to Output Disabled OE to Output Disabled 1 1 -- 3 0
-3
-5 UNITS
MIN. MAX. MIN. MAX.
tpd2 tco2 tcf3 tsu th
3.5 2.5 2 -- -- --
1 1 -- 4 0 142.8
5 3 2 -- -- --
ns ns ns ns ns MHz
180
fmax4
A A
200 250
-- --
166 166
-- --
MHz MHz
twh4 twl4 ten tdis
1) 2) 3) 4)
-- -- B B C C
2 2 -- -- -- --
-- -- 4.5 3.5 4.5 3.5
3 3 -- -- -- --
-- -- 6 5 6 5
ns ns ns ns ns ns
Refer to Switching Test Conditions section. Minimum values for tpd and tco are not 100% tested but established by characterization. Calculated from fmax with internal feedback. Refer to fmax Descriptions section. Refer to fmax Descriptions section. Characterized but not 100% tested.
Capacitance (TA = 25C, f = 1.0 MHz)
SYMBOL CI CI/O PARAMETER Input Capacitance I/O Capacitance TYPICAL 5 5 UNITS pF pF TEST CONDITIONS VCC = 3.3V, VI = 0V VCC = 3.3V, VI/O = 0V
11
Specifications GAL16LV8C
Absolute Maximum Ratings(1)
Supply voltage VCC ................................... -0.5 to +5.6V Input voltage applied ................................ -0.5 to +5.6V Off-state output voltage applied ............... -0.5 to +5.6V Storage Temperature ................................ -65 to 150C Ambient Temperature with Power Applied ........................................ -55 to 125C
1.Stresses above those listed under the "Absolute Maximum Ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress only ratings and functional operation of the device at these or at any other conditions above those indicated in the operational sections of this specification is not implied (while programming, follow the programming specifications).
Recommended Operating Conditions
Commercial Devices: Ambient Temperature (TA) ............................... 0 to 75C Supply voltage (VCC) with Respect to Ground ......................... +3.0 to +3.6V
DC Electrical Characteristics
Over Recommended Operating Conditions (Unless Otherwise Specified) SYMBOL PARAMETER Input Low Voltage Input High Voltage Input or I/O Low Leakage Current Input or I/O High Leakage Current 0V VIN VIL (MAX.) (VCC - 0.2)V VIN VCC VCC VIN 5.25V CONDITION MIN.
Vss - 0.5
TYP.2 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
MAX. 0.8 5.25
UNITS V V A A mA V V V V V mA mA mA
VIL VIH IIL IIH VOL VOH
2.0 -- -- -- -- -- 2.4 Vcc-0.45 Vcc-0.2 -- -- VCC = 3.3V VOUT = 0.5V TA = 25C -10
-10
10 30 0.4 0.2 -- -- -- 8 -4 -60
Output Low Voltage
IOL = MAX. Vin = VIL or VIH IOL = 500 A Vin = VIL or VIH
Output High Voltage
IOH = MAX. Vin = VIL or VIH IOH = -500 A Vin = VIL or VIH IOH = -100 A Vin = VIL or VIH
IOL IOH IOS1
Low Level Output Current High Level Output Current Output Short Circuit Current
COMMERCIAL ICC Operating Power
Supply Current
VIL = 0.0V VIH = 3.0V ftoggle = 1MHz Outputs Open
--
45
65
mA
1) One output at a time for a maximum duration of one second. Vout = 0.5V was selected to avoid test problems by tester ground degradation. Characterized but not 100% tested. 2) Typical values are at Vcc = 3.3V and TA = 25 C
12
Specifications GAL16LV8C
AC Switching Characteristics
Over Recommended Operating Conditions (Unless Otherwise Specified)
COM PARAMETER COM COM
TEST COND1. A A -- -- -- A
DESCRIPTION Input or I/O to Combinational Output Clock to Output Delay Clock to Feedback Delay Setup Time, Input or Feedback before Clock Hold Time, Input or Feedback after Clock Maximum Clock Frequency with External Feedback, 1/(tsu + tco) Maximum Clock Frequency with Internal Feedback, 1/(tsu + tcf) Maximum Clock Frequency with No Feedback Clock Pulse Duration, High Clock Pulse Duration, Low Input or I/O to Output Enabled OE to Output Enabled Input or I/O to Output Disabled OE to Output Disabled 1 1 -- 6 0
-7
-10
-15 UNITS
MIN. MAX. MIN. MAX. MIN. MAX.
tpd2 tco2 tcf3 tsu th
7.5 5 4 -- -- --
1 1 -- 7 0 71.4
10 7 5 -- -- --
1 1 -- 12 0 45.5
15 10 8 -- -- --
ns ns ns ns ns MHz
90.9
fmax4
A A
100 100
-- --
83.3 83.3
-- --
50 62.5
-- --
MHz MHz
twh twl ten tdis
-- -- B B C C
5 5 -- -- -- --
-- -- 9 6 9 6
6 6 -- -- -- --
-- -- 10 8 10 8
8 8 -- -- -- --
-- -- 15 15 15 15
ns ns ns ns ns ns
1) Refer to Switching Test Conditions section. 2) Minimum values for tpd and tco are not 100% tested but established by characterization. 3) Calculated from fmax with internal feedback. Refer to fmax Descriptions section. 4) Refer to fmax Descriptions section. Characterized but not 100% tested.
Capacitance (TA = 25C, f = 1.0 MHz)
SYMBOL CI CI/O PARAMETER Input Capacitance I/O Capacitance TYPICAL 8 8 UNITS pF pF TEST CONDITIONS VCC = 3.3V, VI = 0V VCC = 3.3V, VI/O = 0V
13
Specifications GAL16LV8
Switching Waveforms
INPUT or I/O FEEDBACK
VALID INPUT
tsu
INPUT or I/O FEEDBACK
th
CLK
VALID INPUT
tco
REGISTERED OUTPUT 1/fmax (external fdbk)
tpd
COMBINATIONAL OUTPUT
Combinatorial Output
Registered Output
INPUT or I/O FEEDBACK
OE
tdis
COMBINATIONAL OUTPUT
ten
REGISTERED OUTPUT
tdis
ten
Input or I/O to Output Enable/Disable
OE to Output Enable/Disable
twh
CLK 1/fmax (w/o fb)
twl
CLK 1/fmax (internal fdbk)
tcf
REGISTERED FEEDBACK
tsu
Clock Width
fmax with Feedback
14
Specifications GAL16LV8
fmax Descriptions
CL K
LOGIC ARR AY
CLK
R EG I S T E R
LOGIC ARRAY
ts u
tc o
REGISTER
fmax with External Feedback 1/(tsu+tco)
Note: fmax with external feedback is calculated from measured tsu and tco.
CLK
tcf tpd
fmax with Internal Feedback 1/(tsu+tcf)
LOGIC ARRAY REGISTER
tsu + th
fmax with No Feedback
Note: fmax with no feedback may be less than 1/(twh + twl). This is to allow for a clock duty cycle of other than 50%.
Note: tcf is a calculated value, derived by subtracting tsu from the period of fmax w/internal feedback (tcf = 1/fmax - tsu). The value of tcf is used primarily when calculating the delay from clocking a register to a combinatorial output (through registered feedback), as shown above. For example, the timing from clock to a combinatorial output is equal to tcf + tpd.
15
Specifications GAL16LV8
GAL16LV8D: Switching Test Conditions
Input Pulse Levels Input Rise and Fall Times Input Timing Reference Levels Output Timing Reference Levels Output Load GND to 3.0V 1.5ns 10% - 90% 1.5V 1.5V See Figure
TEST POINT R1 +1.45V
GAL16LV8D Output Load Conditions (see figure) Test Condition A B C High Z to Active High at 1.9V High Z to Active Low at 1.0V Active High to High Z at 1.9V Active Low to High Z at 1.0V R1 50 50 50 50 50 CL 35pF 35pF 35pF 35pF 35pF
FROM OUTPUT (O/Q) UNDER TEST Z0 = 50, CL = 35pF*
*CL INCLUDES TEST FIXTURE AND PROBE CAPACITANCE
GAL16LV8C: Switching Test Conditions
Input Pulse Levels Input Rise and Fall Times Input Timing Reference Levels Output Timing Reference Levels Output Load GND to 3.0V 1.5ns 10% - 90% 1.5V 1.5V See Figure
FROM OUTPUT (O/Q) UNDER TEST TEST POINT R1 +3.3V
3-state levels are measured 0.5V from steady-state active level. GAL16LV8C Output Load Conditions (see figure) Test Condition A B C Active High Active Low Active High Active Low R1 316 316 316 316 316 R2 348 348 348 348 348 CL 35pF 35pF 35pF 5pF 5pF
R2
C L*
*C L INCLUDES TEST FIXTURE AND PROBE CAPACITANCE
16
Specifications GAL16LV8
Electronic Signature
An electronic signature is provided in every GAL16LV8 device. It contains 64 bits of reprogrammable memory that can contain user defined data. Some uses include user ID codes, revision numbers, or inventory control. The signature data is always available to the user independent of the state of the security cell. NOTE: The electronic signature is included in checksum calculations. Changing the electronic signature will alter the checksum.
Output Register Preload
When testing state machine designs, all possible states and state transitions must be verified in the design, not just those required in the normal machine operations. This is because, in system operation, certain events occur that may throw the logic into an illegal state (power-up, line voltage glitches, brown-outs, etc.). To test a design for proper treatment of these conditions, a way must be provided to break the feedback paths, and force any desired (i.e., illegal) state into the registers. Then the machine can be sequenced and the outputs tested for correct next state conditions. GAL16LV8 devices include circuitry that allows each registered output to be synchronously set either high or low. Thus, any present state condition can be forced for test sequencing. If necessary, approved GAL programmers capable of executing text vectors perform output register preload automatically.
Security Cell
A security cell is provided in the GAL16LV8 devices to prevent unauthorized copying of the array patterns. Once programmed, this cell prevents further read access to the functional bits in the device. This cell can only be erased by re-programming the device, so the original configuration can never be examined once this cell is programmed. The Electronic Signature is always available to the user, regardless of the state of this control cell.
Input Buffers
GAL16LV8 devices are designed with TTL level compatible input buffers. These buffers have a characteristically high impedance, and present a much lighter load to the driving logic than bipolar TTL devices. The GAL16LV8D input and I/O pins have built-in active pull-ups. As a result, unused inputs and I/O's will float to a TTL "high" (logical "1"). Lattice Semiconductor recommends that all unused inputs and tri-stated I/O pins be connected to another active input, VCC, or Ground. Doing this will tend to improve noise immunity and reduce ICC for the device.
Latch-Up Protection
GAL16LV8 devices are designed with an on-board charge pump to negatively bias the substrate. The negative bias minimizes the potential of latch-up caused by negative input undershoots.
Device Programming
GAL devices are programmed using a Lattice Semiconductor-approved Logic Programmer, available from a number of manufacturers. Complete programming of the device takes only a few seconds. Erasing of the device is transparent to the user, and is done automatically as part of the programming cycle.
Typical Input Pull-up Characteristic (GAL16LV8D)
0 -10 I nput Current (A) -20 -30 -40 -50 -60 -70 -80 0 1 2 3 0.5 1.5 2.5 Input Voltage (V) 3.5 4
17
Specifications GAL16LV8
Power-Up Reset
Vcc
Vcc (min.)
tsu
CLK
twl tpr
INTERNAL REGISTER Q - OUTPUT
Internal Register Reset to Logic "0"
FEEDBACK/EXTERNAL OUTPUT REGISTER
Device Pin Reset to Logic "1"
Circuitry within the GAL16LV8 provides a reset signal to all registers during power-up. All internal registers will have their Q outputs set low after a specified time (tpr, 1s MAX). As a result, the state on the registered output pins (if they are enabled) will always be high on power-up, regardless of the programmed polarity of the output pins. This feature can greatly simplify state machine design by providing a known state on power-up. Because of the asynchronous nature of system power-up, some
conditions must be met to provide a valid power-up reset of the device. First, the VCC rise must be monotonic. Second, the clock input must be at static TTL level as shown in the diagram during power up. The registers will reset within a maximum of tpr time. As in normal system operation, avoid clocking the device until all input and feedback path setup times have been met. The clock must also meet the minimum pulse width requirements.
Input/Output Equivalent Schematics
PIN
Feedback PIN
Vcc
Active Pull-up Circuit (GAL16LV8D Only) Active Pull-up Circuit (GAL16LV8D Only) Tri-State Control Vcc Vref
Vcc
ESD Protection Circuit
Vref
Vcc
PIN
Data Output ESD Protection Circuit Feedback (To Input Buffer)
PIN
Typ. Vref = Vcc Typical Input
Typ. Vref = Vcc Typical Output
18
Specifications GAL16LV8
GAL16LV8D: Typical AC and DC Characteristic Diagrams
Normalized Tpd vs Vcc
1.1 1.05
Normalized Tco vs Vcc
1.2
Normalized Tsu vs Vcc
Normalized Tpd
Normalized Tco
1.05
Normalized Tsu
PT H->L PT L->H
RISE 1.025 FALL
PT H->L
1.1
PT L->H
1
1
1
0.95
0.975
0.9
0.9 3.00
3.15
3.30
3.45
3.60
0.95 3.00
3.15
3.30
3.45
3.60
0.8 3.00
3.15
3.30
3.45
3.60
Supply Voltage (V)
Supply Voltage (V)
Supply Voltage (V)
Normalized Tpd vs Temp
1.3 1.2
Normalized Tco vs Temp
1.3
Normalized Tsu vs Temp
Normalized Tpd
Normalized Tco
Normalized Tsu
1.2 1.1 1 0.9 0.8 0.7 -55 -25 0
PT H->L PT L->H
1.15 1.1 1.05 1 0.95 0.9
RISE FALL
1.25 1.2 1.15 1.1 1.05 1 0.95 0.9
PT H->L PT L->H
25
50
75
100
125
-55
-25
0
25
50
75
100
125
-55
-25
0
25
50
75
100
125
Temperature (deg. C)
Temperature (deg. C)
Temperature (deg. C)
Delta Tpd vs # of Outputs Switching
0 0
Delta Tco vs # of Outputs Switching
Delta Tpd (ns)
-0.1
Delta Tco (ns)
-0.05 -0.1 -0.15 -0.2 -0.25 -0.3
-0.2
-0.3
RISE FALL
RISE FALL
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
-0.4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Number of Outputs Switching
Number of Outputs Switching
Delta Tpd vs Output Loading
22 18 22
Delta Tco vs Output Loading
RISE
18
RISE FALL
Delta Tpd (ns)
14 10 6 2 -2 -6 0 50
Delta Tco (ns)
150 200 250 300
FALL
14 10 6 2 -2 -6
100
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
Output Loading (pF)
Output Loading (pF)
19
Specifications GAL16LV8
GAL16LV8D: Typical AC and DC Characteristic Diagrams
Vol vs Iol
2.25 2 2.5 1.75 2.95 3
Voh vs Ioh
3
Voh vs Ioh
Voh (V)
1.25 1 0.75 0.5 0.25 0 0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00
1.5 1 0.5 0 0.00
Voh (V)
5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00
Vol (V)
1.5
2
2.9
2.85
2.8 0.00
1.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
Iol (mA)
Ioh(mA)
Ioh(mA)
Normalized Icc vs Vcc
1.10 1.2
Normalized Icc vs Temp
1.05
Normalized Icc vs Freq.
Normalized Icc
Normalized Icc
1.1
Normalized Icc
-55 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125
1.05 1.00 0.95 0.90 0.85 3.00
1.03
1
1.00
0.9
0.98
0.8 3.15 3.30 3.45 3.60
0.95 0 25 50 75 100
Supply Voltage (V)
Temperature (deg. C)
Frequency (MHz)
Delta Icc vs Vin (1 input)
10 8 6 4 2 30 0 0.00 35 -2.00 0 5 10
Input Clamp (Vik)
Delta Icc (mA)
Iik (mA)
0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 3.50
15 20 25
-1.50
-1.00
-0.50
0.00
Vin (V)
Vik (V)
20
Specifications GAL16LV8
GAL16LV8C: Typical AC and DC Characteristic Diagrams
Normalized Tpd vs Vcc
1.2 1.1
Normalized Tco vs Vcc
1.2
Normalized Tsu vs Vcc
Normalized Tpd
Normalized Tco
1.1
Normalized Tsu
PT H->L PT L->H
RISE 1.05 FALL
PT H->L
1.1
PT L->H
1
1
1
0.9
0.95
0.9
0.8 3.00
3.15
3.30
3.45
3.60
0.9 3.00
3.15
3.30
3.45
3.60
0.8 3.00
3.15
3.30
3.45
3.60
Supply Voltage (V)
Supply Voltage (V)
Supply Voltage (V)
Normalized Tpd vs Temp
1.3 1.3
Normalized Tco vs Temp
1.3
Normalized Tsu vs Temp
Normalized Tpd
Normalized Tco
Normalized Tsu
1.2 1.1 1 0.9 0.8 0.7 -55 -25
PT H->L PT L->H
1.2 1.1 1 0.9 0.8 0.7
RISE FALL
1.2 1.1 1 0.9 0.8
PT H->L PT L->H
0
25
50
75
100
125
-55
-25
0
25
50
75
100
125
-55
-25
0
25
50
75
100
125
Temperature (deg. C)
Temperature (deg. C) Delta Tpd vs # of Outputs Switching
Temperature (deg. C)
Delta Tco vs # of Outputs Switching
0
0.05
Delta Tpd (ns)
0 -0.05 -0.1 -0.15 -0.2 -0.25 -0.3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Delta Tco (ns)
-0.05 -0.1 -0.15 -0.2 -0.25 -0.3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
RISE FALL
RISE FALL
Number of Outputs Switching
Number of Outputs Switching
Delta Tpd vs Output Loading
34 30 26 22 18 14 10 6 2 -2 -6 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 34 30
Delta Tco vs Output Loading
RISE FALL
Delta Tpd (ns)
Delta Tco (ns)
26 22 18 14 10 6 2 -2 -6 0 50
RISE FALL
100
150
200
250
300
Output Loading (pF)
Output Loading (pF)
21
Specifications GAL16LV8
GAL16LV8C: Typical AC and DC Characteristic Diagrams
Vol vs Iol
1 0.8 4
Voh vs Ioh
3
Voh vs Ioh
3
2.9
Voh (V)
0.6 0.4 0.2 0 0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00 30.00 35.00
2
Voh (V)
2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00 12.00 14.00
Vol (V)
2.8
1
2.7
0 0.00
2.6 0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00
Iol (mA)
Ioh (mA)
Ioh (mA)
Normalized Icc vs Vcc
1.20 1.3
Normalized Icc vs Temp
1.80
Normalized Icc vs Freq.
Normalized Icc
Normalized Icc
1.10
Normalized Icc
-55 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125
1.2 1.1 1 0.9 0.8
1.60
1.00
1.40
0.90
1.20
0.80 3.00 3.15 3.30 3.45 3.60
1.00 0 25 50 75 100
Supply Voltage (V)
Temperature (deg. C)
Frequency (MHz)
Delta Icc vs Vin (1 input)
12 10 0 10
Input Clamp (Vik)
Delta Icc (mA)
20
Iik (mA)
0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 3.50
8 6 4 2 0 0.00
30 40 50 60 70 80 90 -3.00 -2.50 -2.00 -1.50 -1.00 -0.50 0.00
Vin (V)
Vik (V)
22

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