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LX2201
TM (R)
USB Li-Ion Battery Charger
PRODUCTION DATA SHEET
DESCRIPTION The LX2201 Linear Battery Charger is a multi-state (2 stage) Li-Ion battery charger (Constant current / Constant voltage) that can supply up to 2A of charging current into a single cell Li-Ion battery. LX2201 is a cost effective , high performance USB battery charger. The LX2201 features a 2A high charge current, with automatic power savings using isolated battery topology, user programmability in USB charging, and an extended battery life with low RdsON in discharge. In USB mode, the LX2201 has advantages over competition chargers with the USB Limit Control circuit and low RdsON in discharge mode. The USB limit Control circuit allows simultaneous battery charging while the device is in operation. The VDD to supply load is independent of the VBAT charging logic. In discharge mode a low RdsON provides low loss and heavy transient. The LX2201 is a low cost, highly integrated battery charger solution. . It only requires three external resistors: one for setting the constant charge current level, one for setting the termination charge current, and one for setting VIN . It also has a built in thermostat that will throttle back the charge current to keep the die temperature from exceeding 150C; this feature insures the LX2201 delivers the maximum charge rate for a given thermal environment. LX2201 support two types of Li-Ion battery chemistry; 4.1V and 4.2V through logical input (VM pin).. A high accuracy current sensing circuit allows batteries to be fully charged before terminating the charge cycle. The LX2201 design enhances system battery life by avoiding premature discharge of Li-Ion battery with a separate battery terminal voltage from system load when adaptor charging is used, i.e. trickle charge. The LX2201 provides a charging status indicator. The integrated PMOS pass element features low drop out voltage while providing an inherent load disconnect with virtually no drain on the battery when disabled or when the input power is removed. Additionally a battery load disconnect switch has been integrated which provides seamless power switching when transitioning between charge and discharge modes. The LX2201 features a pre-charge conditioning mode for batteries that have been deeply discharged and also has a top off charge mode for batteries that are left on the charger for extended periods. The LX2201 is available in a high power 4mm x 4mm, 20-pin MLP, surface mount package.
KEY FEATURES
2A Charge Current USB Compliant Charging States Low RdsON in Discharge Mode Power Saving and Conditional Mode for Deep Discharge Selectable Li-Ion Battery for 4.1V or 4.2V Applications Internal Pass Element Can Function as a Reverse Direction Load Switch No Sense Resistor Required Full Capacity Charging True Charge Indicator Wall Supply Regulator Tolerance 5V + 10% Built In MOSFET Driver For Easy AC Adapter/USB Implementation Topping Charge with Voltage Monitoring Mode Inherent Load Disconnect Small, High Power 20-lead MLP package
APPLICATIONS
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Batteries with 350mAH to 2AH Ratings Cell Phones PDAs Charging Cradles Digital Cameras Low Cost Single Li-Ion Cell Chargers
IMPORTANT: For the most current data, consult MICROSEMI's website: http://www.microsemi.com
PRODUCT HIGHLIGHT
USB Lo / Hi
State Select Truth Table
VID0
VM VID0 VID1 PSW NC
VID1 0 1 0
To System Regulator
VDD
BAT
0 0 1
VDD
BAT
VDD AC/DC Adapter VDD
LX2201
BAT
VDD > VBAT Switch open - charging disabled. Charging - USB high level if using VIN. Charging - USB low level if using VIN. Charging - USB high level if using VIN.
BAT
VIN
GND CUS CTP
CMP
CCP
USB POWER
1
1
VBAT > VDD Switch open - discharge disabled. Switch open - discharge disabled. Battery Discharging. MOSFET fully enhanced with current flow VBAT to VDD. Battery Discharging. MOSFET fully enhanced with current flow VBAT to VDD.
PACKAGE ORDER INFO
TA(C) 0 to 70
Copyright (c) 2000 Rev. 1.2b, 2005-04-13
Integrated Products Division 11861 Western Avenue, Garden Grove, CA. 92841, 714-898-8121, Fax: 714-893-2570
STAT
LX2201 LX2201
LQ
Plastic MLP 4x4mm 20-Pin LX2201CLQ
RoHS Complaint / Pb-free
Note: Available in Tape & Reel. Append the letters "TR" to the part number. (i.e. LX2201CLQ-TR)
Microsemi
Page 1
LX2201
TM (R)
USB Li-Ion Battery Charger
PRODUCTION DATA SHEET
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
PACKAGE PIN OUT
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Supply Voltage (VIN)..........................................................................-0.3V to 7V Analog Input Signals (VIDx, VM, SNS) .............................................-0.3V to 7V Battery Charging Current (IBAT).........................................................................2A Discharge Current (IVDD)....................................................................................3A Operating Junction Temperature.................................................................. 150C Storage Temperature Range...........................................................-65C to 150C Peak Package Solder Reflow Temp. (40 second max. exposure) ... 260C (+0, -5) VIN Maximum DC Current..........................................................................500mA VIN Maximum Surge Current.............................................................................2A
Note: Exceeding these ratings could cause damage to the device. All voltages are with respect to Ground. Currents are positive into, negative out of specified terminal.
PSW
17
VID0
VID1
20
19
18
16 15 14 13 12
VDD VDD VDD VDD VIN
N.C.
VM
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
BAT BAT BAT BAT CMP
Pad Is GND
8 9 10
11
GND
STAT
CTP
THERMAL DATA
LQ PACKAGE
(Top View) N.C. - No Internal Connection
LQ
Plastic Micro Lead Frame Quad Package 20-Pin THERMAL RESISTANCE-JUNCTION TO AMBIENT, JA
RoHS / Pb-free 100% Matte Tin Lead Finish
40C/W
Junction Temperature Calculation: TJ = TA + (PD x JA). The JA numbers are guidelines for the thermal performance of the device/pc-board system. All of the above assume no ambient airflow.
FUNCTIONAL PIN DESCRIPTION Name
BAT CCP CMP CTP CUS GND NC PSW VDD VIDx VIN VM STAT
Description
Charging Output - This pin is wired to the positive terminal of the battery. (The negative battery terminal is wired to GND.) Charge Current Programming Pin - A resistor (RCP) is connected between this pin and GND. The constant current is 65000 determined by the following relationship: I =
BAT(MAX)
RCP
Compensation Pin - Connect a 0.1uF compensation capacitor from this pin to VDD. Charge Termination Programming Pin - A resistor (RTP) is connected between this pin and GND. The termination charge 7500 current is determined by the following relationship: I =
BAT(MIN)
RTP
Maximum VIN Current Programming Pin - A resistor (RUS) is connected between this pin and GND. The Hi Level charge 1211 current is determined by the following relationship: I =
IN(HI))
RUS
Common Ground Not Connected. This pin is connected internally and should be left floating. PMOS Switch driver - This output is designed to drive the gate of an external PMOS power switch. The driver is pulled low (PMOS on state) when VDD > VBAT. Common Power Node - Connects to system power bus. State Select Input - Applying a two bit TTL compatible signal sets the desired state of the charger corresponding to the Truth Table. Voltage Input - Current limited USB input. Apply a USB compliant power input. Voltage Mode Select - Selects the constant voltage. VM = Low to select 4.2V charge level. VM = High to select 4.1V charge level. Status - This pin is a logic high level when the battery is being charged. A low signal indicates either under voltage lockout, charge completed, or VBAT > VDD, or VID0 = VID1 = 0.
CUS
CCP
PACKAGE DATA PACKAGE DATA
Copyright (c) 2000 Rev. 1.2b, 2005-04-13
Microsemi
Integrated Products Division 11861 Western Avenue, Garden Grove, CA. 92841, 714-898-8121, Fax: 714-893-2570
Page 2
LX2201
TM (R)
USB Li-Ion Battery Charger
PRODUCTION DATA SHEET
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS Unless otherwise specified, the following specifications apply over the operating ambient temperature 0C TA otherwise noted and the following test conditions: VDD = 5.0V. Parameter
MAIN CIRCUITRY Input Voltage Quiescent Current CTP Bias Voltage CCP Bias Voltage CUS Bias Voltage CONSTANT VOLTAGE MODE Constant Voltage Charge Level Maximum Dropout Voltage Top Off Charge Droop Threshold CONSTANT CURRENT MODE BAT Constant Current Accuracy BAT Constant Current Level Conditioning Current Conditioning Current Mode Threshold Voltage Charge Termination Current Accuracy USB CURRENT LIMIT USB Low Current Limit USB High Current Limit LOGIC STAT Logic High Output STAT Logic Low Output State Select Threshold VM Select Threshold
70C except where
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Symbol
VDD IGND VCTP VCCP VCUS VCVL VIN - VBAT VDRP ICCL IBAT ICOND VCTV IBAT IIN IIN VSTAT VSTAT VVID VVM
Test Conditions
Min
4.5
LX2201 Typ
Max
6 8 5
Units
V mA A V V V V mV
% VBAT VCVL
VDD > VBAT VDD < VBAT RCTP = 150K, IBAT > 100mA
4 3 1.25 1.25 2.6 4.16 4.06 96 4.2 4.1 97 1
VM = Low VM = High IBAT = 1A
4.24 4.14 350 98 1.15 2 6.0 68 65 100 500 5 0.4 0.8
%
RCCP = 64.9K VBAT < (VCVL - 100mV) VBAT < VCTV ; @25C
0.85 0.35 3.0 60
A A
IBAT ICCL
VBAT VCVL
4.75 64 50 93 463 4.5
%
RCTP = 150K ; @25C VIN = 5V, VDD < VIN, VID1 = Lo, RUSB = 2.55K VIN = 5V, VDD < VIN, VID1 = Hi, RUSB = 2.55K VIN = 5.0V, ISTAT = -5mA VIN = 5.0V, ISTAT = 25A Logic High Logic Low Logic High Logic Low VIN = 5.0V, IOUT = 1A, Temperature Rising IBAT = -1A VIN > VBAT + VCHG VIN > VBAT + VDCH Charge-to-discharge or Discharge-to-charge VIN < VBAT, IPSW = 0, VBAT = 4.2V VIN > VBAT, IPSW = 0 CPSW = 1000pF, to VPSW = (VBAT - 1V)
35 85 425
mA mA mA V V V V C m mV mV s
2.0 2.0 0.8 130 140 130 5 5 5 4.2 0 10 500 150 150 10 10
THERMAL SHUTDOWN Maximum Junction Temperature TJ BI-DIRECTIONAL PASS ELEMENT CONTROL Discharge Switch On Resistance RDS(ON) Charging Threshold VCHG Discharging Threshold VDCH Pass Element Switch Mode Delay tsw PSW FET DRIVER High Output Voltage VPSW Low Output Voltage VPSW OR-ing Resistance RPSW Switch Delay tPSW (VDD > VBAT to VDD < VBAT)
0 0
ELECTRICALS ELECTRICALS
4.1 5 0
0.2 15 1000
V V K Ns
Copyright (c) 2000 Rev. 1.2b, 2005-04-13
Microsemi
Integrated Products Division 11861 Western Avenue, Garden Grove, CA. 92841, 714-898-8121, Fax: 714-893-2570
Page 3
LX2201
TM (R)
USB Li-Ion Battery Charger
PRODUCTION DATA SHEET
SIMPLIFIED BLOCK DIAGRAM
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VID0 CHARGE/ DISCHARGE CONTROL 0.1 VIN
PSW
VDD
STAT
BAT
CHARGE TERMINATION CONTROL CUS VID1 CONSTANT VOLTAGE CONTROL USB LIMIT CONTROL
CTP
VM
CMP TEMPERATURE CONTROL
CCP
CONSTANT CURRENT CONTROL
GND
BLOCK DIAGRAM BLOCK DIAGRAM
Figure 1 - Simplified Block Diagram
Copyright (c) 2000 Rev. 1.2b, 2005-04-13
Microsemi
Integrated Products Division 11861 Western Avenue, Garden Grove, CA. 92841, 714-898-8121, Fax: 714-893-2570
Page 4
LX2201
TM (R)
USB Li-Ion Battery Charger
PRODUCTION DATA SHEET
APPLICATION CIRCUITS
WWW .Microsemi .C OM
LX2201 C O N TR O L FLO W D IAG R AM
START
R ETUR N TO STAR T IF VIN > VB AT O R VIDX C H AN G E STATE.
VDD
>
VBAT
YES
NO
VID 0 = 1
YE S
NO
VID0 = 1
YES
NO
VID 0 = 1
NO
NO
SW ITCH O FF
VBAT>60%
YE S
C O N D ITIO N CHARGE MODE
YES
D IS C H A R G E MODE
C O N S TAN T C U R R E N T C H AR G E M O D E
IUSB D ETER M IN ED BY TH E S TATE O F VID 1.
TEM P <
140
YE S
NO
TEM P <
140
YE S
NO
REDUCE CHARGE CURRENT IIN
<
REDUCE CHARGE CURRENT
IUSB
YE S
NO
IIN
<
IUSB
YE S
NO
REDUCE C H AR G E CURRENT
NO
REDUCE C H AR G E CURRENT
IBATYE S
NO
VBAT> VCV
YE S
VO LTAG E M O NITO RIN G M O D E (STATE).
CO NSTANT VO LTAG E C H AR G E M O D E
APPLICATIONS APPLICATIONS
VBAT<97%
Y ES
NO
R ETU R N TO TH E TO P O F TH E C H AR T.
Figure 2 - Control Flow Diagram
Copyright (c) 2000 Rev. 1.2b, 2005-04-13
Microsemi
Integrated Products Division 11861 Western Avenue, Garden Grove, CA. 92841, 714-898-8121, Fax: 714-893-2570
Page 5
LX2201
TM (R)
USB Li-Ion Battery Charger
PRODUCTION DATA SHEET
APPLICATION SCHEMATICS
WWW .Microsemi .C OM
USB Lo / Hi
NC
VM
VID0
VID1
PSW
To System Power Bus
VDD
BAT 10uF
VDD
BAT
VDD AC/DC Adapter VDD
LX2201
BAT
BAT 0.1uF
VIN STAT GND CUS CTP CCP
CMP
USB POWER 2.5k 150k 75k
10uF
Figure 3 - AC Adapter and USB Supply (Charge and Discharge Modes) APPLICATION SCHEMATICS (CONTINUED)
Off / On
NC
VM
VID0
VID1
PSW
To System Power Bus
VDD
BAT
VDD
BAT
10uF
VDD AC/DC Adapter VDD 10uF 100K TO BAT 499k
DMMT3906W
LX2201
BAT
APPLICATIONS APPLICATIONS
BAT 0.1uF
VIN STAT GND CUS CTP CCP
CMP
576k
TO VDD
499k
499k
2.5k
150k
75k
Figure 4 - AC Adapter with charging voltage headroom regulation (for use with a current limited power supply)
Copyright (c) 2000 Rev. 1.2b, 2005-04-13
Microsemi
Integrated Products Division 11861 Western Avenue, Garden Grove, CA. 92841, 714-898-8121, Fax: 714-893-2570
Page 6
LX2201
TM (R)
USB Li-Ion Battery Charger
PRODUCTION DATA SHEET
101.5
54
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Termination Current (mA)
101
52 50 48 46 44 42 40 -55 -35 -15 5 25 45 65 85
Charging Current Accuracy (%)
100.5 100 99.5 99 98.5 98 -55 -35 -15 5 25 45 65 85
Am bient Tem perature (C)
Am bient Tem perature (C)
Chart 1 - Charging Current Accuracy over Temperature
Chart 2 - Termination Current over Temperature
463.2
92.9
USB High Current (mA)
463 462.8 462.6 462.4 462.2 462 4 4 .5 5 5 .5 6 6 .5
USB Low Current (mA)
92.8 92.7 92.6 92.5 92.4 92.3 92.2 92.1 92 4 4 .5 5 5 .5 6 6 .5
VIN Voltage (V)
VIN Voltage (V)
Chart 3 - USB High Current over VIN Voltage
Chart 4 - USB Low Current over VIN Voltage
103 102.5
5 4
Stat Voltage Battery Voltage
1000 800 600 400 200
Battery Current (mA)
Charging Current Accuracy (%)
102 101.5 101 100.5 100 99.5 99 4 4 .5 5 5 .5 6 6 .5
3 2 1
CHARTS CHARTS
0
50
100
150
200
250
VDD Voltage (V)
Time (minutes)
Chart 6 - Battery Current & Voltage vs. Time Chart 5 - Charging Current over VDD Voltage
Copyright (c) 2000 Rev. 1.2b, 2005-04-13
Microsemi
Integrated Products Division 11861 Western Avenue, Garden Grove, CA. 92841, 714-898-8121, Fax: 714-893-2570
Page 7
LX2201
TM (R)
USB Li-Ion Battery Charger
PRODUCTION DATA SHEET
THEORY OF OPERATION GENERAL DESCRIPTION TOP OFF CHARGE MODE
WWW .Microsemi .C OM
The LX2201 is designed to charge a single cell Lithium Ion battery using two steps: a constant current step followed by a constant voltage step. The basic charger function uses the VDD pins as an input and BAT pins as the output. The LX2201 charger has a programmable maximum current (programmable by the resistor value between pin CCP to GND) which is the maximum charging current during the Constant Current Mode of the charging profile. The low dropout of the pass element allows the battery to be charged from a loosely regulated power supply. In the Constant Voltage Mode, the battery terminal voltage can be regulated to 4.1V or 4.2V by strapping the VM pin to VDD or GND, respectively. The charger will terminate constant voltage charging once the current drops below the minimum current setting (programmable by the resistor value between pin CTP to GND). The LX2201 has an integrated thermostat with a linear thermal regulation loop that will throttle back the charging current to prevent the internal die temperature from exceeding 150C. This feature prevents damage to the system board when the IC exceeds its thermal temperature.
CURRENT CHARGE MODE
Once the charger has completed a charge cycle, if power remains applied, the LX2201 enters a Voltage Monitoring mode. In this mode the LX2201 monitors the battery terminal voltage and applies a top off charge if the battery voltage drops by more than 3% of full scale. This feature is especially important for charging systems in equipment where usage is infrequent.
USB CHARGE MODE
The LX2201 is fully compliant with, and supports, the USB specifications - the Low Power Peripheral (100mA) and High Power Peripherals (500mA). VID1 logic input selects USB charge currents. The LX2201 senses the current flowing from the VIN terminal to the VDD terminal; then it limits the VIN current by reducing the current flowing from VDD to VBAT. Note: the USB Charge Limit circuit does not limit the input current and only scales the charging current.
DISCHARGE MODE
A conditioning current is applied to batteries that are deeply discharged and have a terminal voltage less than 60% of the constant voltage level. The conditioning current is 5% of the CCP programmable constant current level (except where it might be limited in the USB states). Once the battery terminal voltage exceeds the 60% level, the full constant current level is applied (unless charging current is limited by one of the other charger control loops).
CHARGE TERMINATION MODE
In discharge mode, VID0 is, indicate discharge mode enable. The system load is connected to VDD. The input power is connected to VDD through an internal diode. When the input power is removed, the battery current flows from VBAT to VDD. The circuit of Figure 3 shows the LX2201 in a discharge mode configuration with both AC adapter and USB inputs. The USB input is diode ORed to the VDD pin and uses a MOSFET to reduce the diode drop across the ORing diode. The LX2201 provides a signal "PSW" to control the MOSFET for charge and discharge modes. When both AC and USB power are applied the PSW signal is overridden by the AC adapter diode and the MOSFET is turned off
To increase system battery life and avoid float charging, the LX2201 turns off the pass element once the battery has been fully charged. The charge termination state occurs at the end of constant voltage mode. The charge status changes state when charging is completed.
APPLICATIONS APPLICATIONS
Copyright (c) 2000 Rev. 1.2b, 2005-04-13
Microsemi
Integrated Products Division 11861 Western Avenue, Garden Grove, CA. 92841, 714-898-8121, Fax: 714-893-2570
Page 8
LX2201
TM (R)
USB Li-Ion Battery Charger
PRODUCTION DATA SHEET
APPLICATION NOTE CURRENT LIMITED POWER SUPPLIES USB COMPLIANCE
WWW .Microsemi .C OM
When using input power supplies that are current limited or have high source impedance, the battery charging current and/or load current can pull the VDD pin down very close to the battery terminal voltage. This may cause the LX2201 to enter an indeterminate state where it switches between charge and discharge modes. To prevent this, the PNP differential amplifier circuit of figure 4 can be added; this circuit adds an additional control loop that regulates the charger headroom to 300mV by scaling back the battery charging current. The internal power switch within the LX2201 requires the power supply have a minimal level of strength to switch from discharge mode to charge mode. If the power source is severely current limited, the LX2201 may not open the discharge switch. In this case, a small amount of current will be allowed to flow into the battery unregulated. If left in this state indefinitely, the current will eventually raise the battery terminal voltage to the point where the batteries internal protection circuitry will open the circuit. Typically, the LX2201 requires a minimum of 80mA in USB mode and 200mA using the VDD input to force the switchover to charge mode. Alternatively, if weak power sources are used, the switchover from discharge to charge mode can be forced by momentarily setting VID0 and VID1 to a low state, which will open the discharge switch allowing the VDD voltage to rise so the LX2201 can enter charge mode.
To be compliant with the USB specification, the +5V current must be less than 100mA in the low power mode and less than 500mA in the high power mode. If the LX2201 is configured as shown in Figure 3, it is possible for the system to consume more than the maximum allowed USB current (in which case the battery charging current will have been fully scaled back). If it is not possible to regulate the load current when charging from a USB power source and strict adherence to the USB power budget is required. In this case the system load can be applied directly to the battery and the LX2201 will prevent the load + battery from drawing more power than is allowed for USB compliance. A better approach that provides battery isolation may be used; in this approach, the op amp circuit provides a current limiter that prevents the system from exceeding the USB power limits. The battery is only discharged if the AC adapter or USB inputs are removed or current limited.
LAYOUT GUIDELINES
*
It is important when laying out the LX2201 to place 10F ceramic capacitors close to the VDD and VBAT IC terminals to filter switching transients. It is important to provide a low thermal impedance path from the thermal pad on the bottom of the LX2201 package to the ground plane of the circuit board to maximize the heat dissipation.
*
APPLICATIONS APPLICATIONS
Copyright (c) 2000 Rev. 1.2b, 2005-04-13
Microsemi
Integrated Products Division 11861 Western Avenue, Garden Grove, CA. 92841, 714-898-8121, Fax: 714-893-2570
Page 9
LX2201
TM (R)
USB Li-Ion Battery Charger
PRODUCTION DATA SHEET
PACKAGE DIMENSIONS
WWW .Microsemi .C OM
LQ
20-Pin MLPQ Plastic 4x4mm (114x114DAP)
D
b L D2
E
E2 e A1 A3 A
Dim A A1 A3 b D D2 E E2 e L
MILLIMETERS MIN MAX 0.80 1.00 0.00 0.05 0.20 REF 0.18 0.30 4.00 BSC 2.59 2.79 4.00 BSC 2.59 2.79 0.50 BSC 0.30 0.50
INCHES MIN MAX 0.031 0.039 0.000 0.002 0.008 REF 0.007 0.088 0.157 BSC 0.102 0.110 0.157 BSC 0.102 0.110 0.019 BSC 0.011 0.019
M MECHANICALS
Copyright (c) 2000 Rev. 1.2b, 2005-04-13
Microsemi
Integrated Products Division 11861 Western Avenue, Garden Grove, CA. 92841, 714-898-8121, Fax: 714-893-2570
Page 10
LX2201
TM (R)
USB Li-Ion Battery Charger
PRODUCTION DATA SHEET
NOTES
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NOTES NOTES
PRODUCTION DATA - Information contained in this document is proprietary to Microsemi and is current as of publication date. This document may not be modified in any way without the express written consent of Microsemi. Product processing does not necessarily include testing of all parameters. Microsemi reserves the right to change the configuration and performance of the product and to discontinue product at any time.
Copyright (c) 2000 Rev. 1.2b, 2005-04-13
Microsemi
Integrated Products Division 11861 Western Avenue, Garden Grove, CA. 92841, 714-898-8121, Fax: 714-893-2570
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