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19-1714; Rev 0; 4/00
15kV ESD-Protected, Low-Voltage, SPDT/SPST, CMOS Analog Switches
General Description
The MAX4561/MAX4568/MAX4569 are low-voltage, ESD-protected analog switches. The normally open (NO) and normally closed (NC) inputs are protected against 15kV electrostatic discharge (ESD) without latchup or damage, and the COM input is protected against 2.5kV ESD. These switches operate from a single +1.8V to +12V supply. The 70 at 5V (120 at 3V) on-resistance is matched between channels to 2 max, and is flat (4 max) over the specified signal range. The switches can handle Rail-to-Rail(R) analog signals. Off-leakage current is only 0.5nA at +25C and 5nA at +85C. The digital input has +0.8V to +2.4V logic thresholds, ensuring TTL/CMOS-logic compatibility when using a single +5V supply. The MAX4561 is a single-pole/double-throw (SPDT) switch. The MAX4568 NO and MAX4569 NC are single-pole/single-throw (SPST) switches. The MAX4561 is available in a 6-pin SOT23 package, and the MAX4568/MAX4569 are available in 5-pin SOT23 packages.
Features
o ESD-Protected NO, NC 15kV--Human Body Model 15kV--IEC 1000-4-2, Air-Gap Discharge 8kV--IEC 1000-4-2, Contact Discharge o Guaranteed On-Resistance 70 +5V Supply 120 with Single +3V Supply o On-Resistance Match Between Channels (2 max) o Low On-Resistance Flatness: 4 max o Guaranteed Low Leakage Currents 0.5nA Off-Leakage (at TA = +25C) 0.5nA On-Leakage (at TA = +25C) o Guaranteed Break-Before-Make at 5ns (MAX4561 only) o Rail-to-Rail Signal Handling Capability o TTL/CMOS-Logic Compatible with +5V Supplies o Industry Standard Pin-Outs MAX4561 Pin Compatible with MAX4544 MAX4568/MAX4569 Pin Compatible with MAX4514/MAX4515
MAX4561/MAX4568/MAX4569
________________________Applications
High-ESD Environments Battery-Powered Systems Audio and Video Signal Routing Low-Voltage Data-Acquisition Systems Sample-and-Hold Circuits Communications Circuits
Rail-to-Rail is a registered trademark of Nippon Motorola, Ltd.
Ordering Information
TEMP. RANGE PART MAX4561EUT-T -40C to +85C MAX4568EUK-T -40C to +85C MAX4569EUK-T -40C to +85C PINPACKAGE 6 SOT23 5 SOT23 5 SOT23 SOT TOP MARK AAIE ADOE ADOF
Pin Configurations/Functional Diagrams/Truth Tables
TOP VIEW
IN 1 6 NO COM 1 5 V+ COM 1 5 V+
V+ 2
5
COM
NO 2
NC 2
GND 3
MAX4561 SOT23-6
4
NC
GND 3
MAX4568 SOT23-5
4
IN
GND 3
MAX4569 SOT23-5
4
IN
LOGIC 0 1
NO OFF ON
NC ON OFF
LOGIC 0 1
SWITCH OFF ON
LOGIC 0 1
SWITCH ON OFF
SWITCHES SHOWN FOR LOGIC "0" INPUT.
________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products
1
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15kV ESD-Protected, Low-Voltage, SPDT/SPST, CMOS Analog Switches MAX4561/MAX4568/MAX4569
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
V+ to GND ................................................................-0.3 to +13V IN, COM, NO, NC to GND (Note 1) ..............-0.3V to (V+ + 0.3V) Continuous Current (any terminal)....................................10mA Peak Current (NO, NC, COM; pulsed at 1ms 10% duty cycle).........30mA ESD Protection per Method IEC 1000-4-2 (NO, NC) Air-Gap Discharge ........................................................15kV Contact Discharge ..........................................................8kV ESD Protection per Method 3015.7 V+, GND, IN, COM.......................................................2.5kV NO, NC..........................................................................15kV Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70C) SOT23 (derate 8.7mW/C above +70C) ....................696mW Operating Temperature Range ...........................-40C to +85C Storage Temperature Range .............................-65C to +150C Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300C
Note 1: Signals on NO, NC, COM, or IN exceeding V+ or GND are clamped by internal diodes. Limit forward current to maximum current rating.
Stresses beyond those listed under "Absolute Maximum Ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS--Single +5V Supply
(V+ = +4.5V to +5.5V, VIH = +2.4V, VIL = +0.8V, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise specified. Typical values are at TA = +25C.) (Notes 2, 3)
PARAMETER ANALOG SWITCH Input Voltage Range On-Resistance On-Resistance Match Between Channels (Note 4) On-Resistance Flatness (Note 5) Off-Leakage Current (NO or NC) COM Off-Leakage Current (MAX4568/MAX4569 only) VCOM , VNO , V NC RON V+ = 4.5V, I COM = 1mA; VNO or V NC = 1V, 3.5V V+ = 4.5V, I COM =1mA; VNO or V NC = 1V, 3.5V V+ = 4.5V, ICOM = 1mA; VNO or VNC = 1V, 2.25V, 3.5V V+ = 5.5V, VCOM = 1V, 4.5V; VNO or VNC = 4.5V, 1V V+ = 5.5V, VCOM = 1V, 4.5V; VNO or VNC = 4.5V, 1V V+ = 5.5V, VCOM = 1V, 4.5V; VNO or V NC = 1V, 4.5V or floating TA = +25C TA = T MIN to TMAX TA = +25C TA = T MIN to TMAX TA = +25C TA = T MIN to TMAX TA = +25C TA = T MIN to TMAX TA = +25C TA = T MIN to TMAX TA = +25C TA = T MIN to TMAX -0.5 -5 -0.5 -5 -1 -10 0.01 0.01 2 0.5 0 45 V+ 70 75 2 3 4 5 0.5 5 0.5 nA 5 1 nA 10 nA V SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
RON
RFLAT(ON) INO(OFF) , INC(OFF) ICOM(OFF)
COM On-Leakage Current LOGIC INPUT Input Logic High Input Logic Low Input Leakage Current
ICOM(ON)
VIH VIL IIN VIN = 0 or V+
2.4 0.8 -1 1
V V A
2
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15kV ESD-Protected, Low-Voltage, SPDT/SPST, CMOS Analog Switches MAX4561/MAX4568/MAX4569
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS--Single +5V Supply (continued)
(V+ = +4.5V to +5.5V, VIH = +2.4V, VIL = +0.8V, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise specified. Typical values are at TA = +25C.) (Notes 2, 3)
PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS VNO, VNC = 3V, RL = 300, CL = 35pF; Figure 1 VNO, VNC = 3V, RL = 300, CL = 35pF, Figure 1 VNO , V NC = 3V, R L = 300, C L = 35pF, Figure 2 VGEN = 2V, C L = 1.0nF, RGEN = 0; Figure 3 VNO = V NC = GND, f = 1MHz, Figure 4 VCOM = GND, f = 1MHz, Figure 4 VCOM = VNO, VNC = GND, f = 1MHz, Figure 4 VNO = V NC = 1V RMS , RL = 50; C L = 5pF, f = 1MHz; Figure 5 RL = 600, 5Vp-p, f = 20Hz to 20kHz TA = +25C MAX4561 MAX4568/9 TA = +25C TA = T MIN to TMAX TA = +25C TA = T MIN to TMAX 5 50 17 6 20 40 MIN TYP 90 MAX 150 180 80 100 UNITS
SWITCH DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS Turn-On Time Turn-Off Time Break-Before-Make Delay (MAX4561 only) Charge Injection NO or NC Off Capacitance COM Off-Capacitance (MAX4568/MAX4569 only) COM On-Capacitance tON tOFF tBBM Q COFF CCOM CCOM ns ns ns pC pF
TA = +25C TA = +25C TA = +25C MAX4561 MAX4568/9
12 31 20 -75
pF pF
Off-Isolation (Note 6)
VISO
TA = +25C
dB
Total Harmonic Distortion ESD SCR Holding Current POWER SUPPLY Power-Supply Range Positive Supply Current
THD IH
TA = +25C TA = +25C TA = +85C 1.8
0.01 110 70 12 0.05 1 10
% mA
V+ I+ V+ = 5.5V, V IN = 0 or V+ TA = +25C TA = T MIN to TMAX
V A
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15kV ESD-Protected, Low-Voltage, SPDT/SPST, CMOS Analog Switches MAX4561/MAX4568/MAX4569
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS--Single +3V Supply
(V+ = +2.7V to +3.6V, VIH = +2.0V, VIL = +0.6V, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise specified. Typical values are at TA = +25C.) (Notes 2, 3)
PARAMETER ANALOG SWITCH On-Resistance LOGIC INPUT Input Logic High Input Logic Low VIH VIL VNO or VNC = 1.5V, RL = 300, TA = +25C CL = 35pF, Figure 1 TA = T MIN to TMAX VNO or VNC = 1.5V, RL = 300, TA = +25C CL = 35pF, Figure 1 TA = T MIN to TMAX VNO or V NC = 3V, R L = 300, T = +25C A CL = 35pF, Figure 2 1.5 150 60 2.0 0.6 250 300 100 150 80 V V SYMBOL CONDITIONS ICOM = 1mA, V NO or VNC = 1.5V, V+ = 2.7V TA = +25C TA = T MIN to TMAX MIN TYP 75 MAX 120 150 UNITS
RON
SWITCH DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS Turn-On Time Turn-Off Time Break-Before-Make Delay (MAX4561 only) tON tOFF TBBM ns ns ns
Note 2: The algebraic convention, where the most negative value is a minimum and the most positive value is a maximum, is used in this data sheet. Note 3: Parameters are 100% tested at +25C and guaranteed by correlation at the full rated temperature. Note 4: RON = RON(MAX) - RON(MIN). Note 5: Flatness is defined as the difference between the maximum and the minimum value of on-resistance as measured over the specified analog signal ranges. Note 6: Off-Isolation = 20log10 (VCOM/VNO), VCOM = output, VNO = input to off switch.
Typical Operating Characteristics
(TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
ON-RESISTANCE vs. VCOM AND SUPPLY VOLTAGE
MAX4561/8/9-01
ON-RESISTANCE vs. TEMPERATURE
V+ = 5V
MAX4561/8/9-02
LEAKAGE CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE
1600 LEAKAGE CURRENT (pA) 1400 1200 1000 800 ON 600 OFF 400 200 0
MAX4561/8/9 TOC3
250
60 50 40 30 20 10 0
1800
200 V+ = +1.8V RON () 150 V+ = +2.5V V+ = +3.3V V+ = +5V 50
RDS(ON) ()
TA = +85C
100
TA = +25C
TA = -40C
V+ = +12V V+ = +9V
0 0 4 VCOM (V) 8 12
0
1
2
3
4
5
-40
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
VCOM (V)
TEMPERATURE (C)
4
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15kV ESD-Protected, Low-Voltage, SPDT/SPST, CMOS Analog Switches
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.) SUPPLY CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE AND SUPPLY VOLTAGE
MAX4561/8/9-04
MAX4561/MAX4568/MAX4569
TURN-ON/TURN-OFF TIME vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX4561/8/9-05
TURN-ON/TURN-OFF TIME vs. VCOM
V+ = 5V tON
MAX4561/8/9-06a
60 50 SUPPLY CURRENT (nA) 40 30 20 10 0 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 V+ = 12V
120 100 80 60 40
V+ = 5V VCOM = 3V tON
120 100 80 60 40 20 0
V+ = 3V V+ = 5V
tON/tOFF (ns)
tON/tOFF (ns)
tOFF
tOFF
20 0 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80
0
1
2
3
4
5
100
TEMPERATURE (C)
VCOM (V)
TEMPERATURE (C)
TURN-ON/TURN-OFF TIME vs. VCOM
V+ = 3V 140 120 tON/tOFF (ns) 100 80 60 tOFF 40 20 0 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 VCOM (V) 2.0 2.5 3.0 tON
MAX4561/8/9-06b
TURN-ON/TURN-OFF TIME vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE
MAX4561/8/9-07
SCR HOLDING CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE
180 160 HOLDING CURRENT (mA) 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 IH
MAX4561/8/9-08
160
350 300 250 tON/tOFF (ns) 200 150 100 50 0 1 2 3 4 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) 5 tOFF tON
200
-60
-40
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
TEMPERATURE (C)
MAX4561 CHARGE INJECTION vs. VCOM
MAX4561/8/9-09a
MAX4568/MAX4569 CHARGE INJECTION vs. VCOM
MAX4561/8/9-09b
10 5 0 -5 Q (pC) V+ = 5V
20 15 10 Q (pC) V+ = 3V 5 0 V+ = 5V -5 -10
-10 -15 -20 -25 -30 -35 -40 0 1 2 3 4 5 VCOM (V) V+ = 3V
0
1
2
3
4
5
VCOM (V)
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15kV ESD-Protected, Low-Voltage, SPDT/SPST, CMOS Analog Switches MAX4561/MAX4568/MAX4569
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
FREQUENCY RESPONSE
MAX4561/8/9-10
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION vs. FREQUENCY
MAX4561/8/9-11
20 0 -20 LOSS (dB) -40 -60 -80 -100 0.01 0.1 1 10 100
1
ON OFF CROSSTALK MAX4561
0.1 THD (%) 0.01 600 IN and OUT V+ = 5V
1000
0.001 10 100 1000 FREQUENCY (Hz) 10,000 100,000
FREQUENCY (MHz)
Pin Description
PIN NAME MAX4561 1 2 3 4 5 6 MAX4568 4 5 3 - 1 2 MAX4569 4 5 3 2 1 - IN V+ GND NC COM NO Logic Control Input Positive Supply Voltage Ground Analog Switch Normally Closed Terminal Analog Switch Common Terminal Analog Switch Normally Open Terminal FUNCTION
Applications Information
Do not exceed the absolute maximum ratings because stresses beyond the listed ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. Proper power-supply sequencing is recommended for all CMOS devices. Always sequence V+ on first, followed by the logic inputs, NO/NC, or COM.
Operating Considerations for High-Voltage Supply
The MAX4561/MAX4568/MAX4569 are capable of +12V single-supply operation with some precautions. The absolute maximum rating for V+ is +13V (referenced to GND). When operating near this region, bypass V+ with a 0.1F min capacitor to ground as close to the device as possible.
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15kV ESD-Protected, Low-Voltage, SPDT/SPST, CMOS Analog Switches
15kV ESD Protection
The MAX4561/MAX4568/MAX4569 are 15kV ESD-protected at the NC/NO terminals in accordance with IEC1000-4-2. To accomplish this, bidirectional SCRs are included on-chip between these terminals. When the voltages at these terminals go Beyond-the-RailsTM, the corresponding SCR turns on in a few nanoseconds and bypasses the surge safely to ground. This method is superior to using diode clamps to the supplies because unless the supplies are very carefully decoupled through low-ESR capacitors, the ESD current through the diode clamp could cause a significant spike in the supplies. This may damage or compromise the reliability of any other chip powered by those same supplies. There are diodes from NC/NO to the supplies in addition to the SCRs. A resistance in series with each of these diodes limits the current into the supplies during an ESD strike. The diodes protect these terminals from overvoltages that are not a result of ESD strikes. These diodes also protect the device from improper powersupply sequencing. Once the SCR turns on because of an ESD strike, it remains on until the current through it falls below its "holding current." The holding current is typically 110mA in the positive direction (current flowing into the NC/NO terminal) at room temperature (see SCR Holding Current vs.Temperature in the Typical Operating Characteristics). Design the system so that any sources connected to NC/NO are current-limited to a value below the holding current to ensure the SCR turns off when the ESD event is finished and normal operation resumes. Also, remember that the holding current varies significantly with temperature. The worst case is at +85C when the holding currents drop to 70mA. Since this is a typical number to guarantee turnoff of the SCRs under all conditions, the sources connected to these terminals should be current-limited to no more than half this value. When the SCR is latched, the voltage across it is approximately 3V. The supply voltages do not affect the holding current appreciably. The sources connected to the COM side of the switches need not be current limited since the switches turn off internally when the corresponding SCR(s) latch. Even though most of the ESD current flows to GND through the SCRs, a small portion of it goes into V+. Therefore, it is a good idea to bypass the V+ with 0.1F capacitors directly to the ground plane. ESD protection can be tested in various ways. Inputs are characterized for protection to the following:
Beyond-the-Rails is a trademark of Maxim Integrated Products. _______________________________________________________________________________________ 7
*15kV using the Human Body Model *8kV using the Contact Discharge method specified in IEC 1000-4-2 (formerly IEC 801-2) *15kV using the Air-Gap Discharge method specified in IEC 1000-4-2 (formerly IEC 801-2) ESD Test Conditions Contact Maxim Integrated Products for a reliability report that documents test setup, methodology, and results. Human Body Model Figure 6 shows the Human Body Model, and Figure 7 shows the waveform it generates when discharged into a low impedance. This model consists of a 100pF capacitor charged to the ESD voltage of interest, which can be discharged into the test device through a 1.5k resistor. IEC 1000-4-2 The IEC 1000-4-2 standard covers ESD testing and performance of finished equipment; it does not specifically refer to integrated circuits. The MAX4561 enables the design of equipment that meets Level 4 (the highest level) of IEC 1000-4-2, without additional ESD protection components. The major difference between tests done using the Human Body Model and IEC 1000-4-2 is higher peak current in IEC 1000-4-2. Because series resistance is lower in the IEC 1000-4-2 ESD test model (Figure 8), the ESD withstand voltage measured to this standard is generally lower than that measured using the Human Body Model. Figure 9 shows the current waveform for the 8kV IEC 1000-4-2 Level 4 ESD Contact Discharge test. The Air-Gap test involves approaching the device with a charged probe. The Contact Discharge method connects the probe to the device before the probe is energized.
MAX4561/MAX4568/MAX4569
Chip Information
TRANSISTOR COUNT: 69 (MAX4561)
39 (MAX4568/MAX4569)
PROCESS: CMOS
15kV ESD-Protected, Low-Voltage, SPDT/SPST, CMOS Analog Switches MAX4561/MAX4568/MAX4569
Test Circuits/Timing Diagrams
V+ +3V 50% 0 t r < 20ns t f < 20ns
MAX4561 MAX4568 MAX4569 SWITCH
INPUT
NO OR NC
V+ COM RL
SWITCH OUTPUT VOUT CL
LOGIC INPUT
t OFF VOUT 0.9 x V0UT 0.9 x VOUT
IN LOGIC INPUT GND SWITCH OUTPUT 0
t ON
VOUT = VCOM
CL INCLUDES FIXTURE AND STRAY CAPACITANCE. RL RL + RON
(
)
LOGIC INPUT WAVEFORMS INVERTED FOR SWITCHES THAT HAVE THE OPPOSITE LOGIC SENSE.
Figure 1. Switching Time
MAX4561
V+ V+ LOGIC INPUT COM NO RL IN CL SWITCH OUTPUT (VOUT) VOUT
+3V 50% 0
+3V
NC
LOGIC INPUT
GND
0.9 x VOUT 0.9 x VOUT tBBM
CL INCLUDES FIXTURE AND STRAY CAPACITANCE.
Figure 2. Break-Before-Make Interval
V+
MAX4561 MAX4568 MAX4569
VOUT VOUT VOUT CL +3V 0 IN +3V
V+ RGEN NC OR NO GND IN COM
V GEN
VIN = LOGIC INPUT
0
Q = (V OUT )(C L ) IN DEPENDS ON SWITCH CONFIGURATION; INPUT POLARITY DETERMINED BY SENSE OF SWITCH.
Figure 3. Charge Injection 8 _______________________________________________________________________________________
15kV ESD-Protected, Low-Voltage, SPDT/SPST, CMOS Analog Switches
Test Circuits/Timing Diagrams (continued)
10nF V+ 10nF SIGNAL GENERATOR 0dBm V+
MAX4561/MAX4568/MAX4569
MAX4561 MAX4568 MAX4569
COM
V+
COM
V+
MAX4561 MAX4568 MAX4569
IN CAPACITANCE METER f = 1MHz NC OR NO GND
0 OR 3V ANALYZER RL
IN NC OR NO GND
0 OR 3V
Figure 4. Channel On/Off-Capacitance
Figure 5. Off-Isolation/On-Channel
RC 1M CHARGE-CURRENT LIMIT RESISTOR HIGHVOLTAGE DC SOURCE
RD 1500 DISCHARGE RESISTANCE DEVICE UNDER TEST
IP 100% 90% AMPERES 36.8% 10% 0 0 tRL TIME
Ir
PEAK-TO-PEAK RINGING (NOT DRAWN TO SCALE)
Cs 100pF
STORAGE CAPACITOR
tDL CURRENT WAVEFORM
Figure 6. Human Body ESD Test Model
Figure 7. Human Body Model Current Waveform
RC 50M to 100M CHARGE-CURRENT LIMIT RESISTOR HIGHVOLTAGE DC SOURCE
RD 330 DISCHARGE RESISTANCE DEVICE UNDER TEST
I 100% 90% I PEAK
Cs 150pF
STORAGE CAPACITOR
10% t r = 0.7ns to 1ns 30ns 60ns t
Figure 8. IEC 1000-4-2 ESD Test Model
Figure 9. IED 1000-4-2 ESD Generator Current Waveform
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15kV ESD-Protected, Low-Voltage, SPDT/SPST, CMOS Analog Switches MAX4561/MAX4568/MAX4569
Package Information
SOT5L.EPS
10
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15kV ESD-Protected, Low-Voltage, SPDT/SPST, CMOS Analog Switches
Package Information (continued)
6LSOT.EPS
MAX4561/MAX4568/MAX4569
______________________________________________________________________________________
11
15kV ESD-Protected, Low-Voltage, SPDT/SPST, CMOS Analog Switches MAX4561/MAX4568/MAX4569
NOTES
Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time.
12 ____________________Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600 (c) 2000 Maxim Integrated Products Printed USA is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products.

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