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A3901 Dual Full Bridge Low Voltage Motor Driver
Features and Benefits
Low RDS(on) outputs Full- and half-stepping capability Small package Forward, reverse, and brake modes for dc motors Sleep mode with zero current drain PWM control up to 250 kHz Crossover-current protection Thermal shutdown (TSD)
Description
The A3901 is a dual full-bridge motor driver, designed for low voltage portable applications involving bipolar stepper or brush dc motors. The outputs have been optimized for low voltage drop, with currents up to 400 mA (800 mA with outputs paralleled) and an operating voltage range of 2.5 to 5.5 V. The four inputs (IN1 to IN4) can control a bipolar stepper motor in full- or half-step mode, or dc motors in forward, reverse, or brake mode. The inputs can be PWMed for current or speed control at frequencies up to 250 kHz. Internal protection circuitry includes thermal shut down (TSD) and crossover (shoot-through) protection. The A3901 is supplied in a 3 x 3 x 0.75 mm nominal, 10-lead DFN/MLP package, with exposed thermal pad (package "EJ"). This small footprint package is lead (Pb) free, with 100% matte tin leadframe plating.
Package: 10 Contact DFN/MLP (suffix EJ)
Approximate Scale 1:1
Typical Application
+VBAT 10 F 10 V IN1 IN2 CPU IN3 IN4 OUT4 GND VBB OUT1
M
OUT2
A3901
OUT3
Figure 1. Typical stepper motor control
+VBAT 10 F 10 V IN1 IN2 CPU IN3 IN4 OUT4 GND
GND +VBAT
VBB OUT1
10 F 10 V IN1 IN2 CPU
VBB OUT1
M
OUT2
M
OUT2
A3901
OUT3
A3901
IN3 OUT3 IN4 OUT4
M
Figure 2. Typical dual dc motor control 3901-DS
Figure 3. Typical single dc motor control (paralleled outputs)
A3901
Dual Full Bridge Low Voltage Motor Driver
Selection Guide
Part Number A3901SEJTR-T Packing Tape and reel, 1500 pieces/reel
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Parameter Load Supply Voltage Output Current per Channel* Logic Input Voltage Range Junction Temperature Storage Temperature Range Operating Temperature Range
*Output
Symbol VBB IOUT VIN TJ TS TA
Conditions
Min. - - -0.3 - -40 -20
Typ. - - - - - -
Max. Units 7 400 6 150 150 85 V mA V C C C
current rating may be limited by duty cycle, ambient temperature, and heat sinking. Under any set of conditions, do not exceed the specified current rating or a junction temperature of 150C.
Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. 115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036 Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000 www.allegromicro.com
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A3901
Dual Full Bridge Low Voltage Motor Driver
Functional Block Diagram
VBB 10 F 10 V BRIDGE1
TSD OUT1
IN1
OUT2
IN2
Control Logic and Gate Drive IN3
BRIDGE2
OUT3 IN4 OUT4
PAD GND
Terminal Diagram
IN1 IN2 GND IN3 IN4 1 2 3 4 5 PAD 10 OUT1 9 8 7 6 OUT2 VBB OUT3 OUT4
Number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 -
Name IN1 IN2 GND IN3 IN4 OUT4 OUT3 VBB OUT2 OUT1 Pad
Description Logic input 1 Logic input 2 Ground terminal Logic input 3 Logic input 4 Bridge2 output to load Bridge2 output to load Load supply terminal Bridge1 output to load Bridge1 output to load Exposed pad for thermal dissipation; connect to GND externally
Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. 115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036 Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000 www.allegromicro.com
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A3901
Dual Full Bridge Low Voltage Motor Driver
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS at TA =25C, and VBB = 2.5 to 5.5 V, unless noted otherwise Characteristics Symbol Test Conditions Source driver, VBB = 3 V, IOUT = 300 mA Source driver, VBB = 5 V, IOUT = 300 mA Output On Resistance RDS(on) Sink driver, VBB = 3 V, IOUT = 300 mA Sink driver, VBB = 5 V, IOUT = 300 mA Clamp Diode I = 300 mA All outputs PWMed at 20 kHz Sleep mode, VBB= 3 V Motor Supply Current IBB Sleep mode, VBB= 5 V Logic Input Voltage VIN(1) VIN(0) Logic Input Current Input Voltage Hysteresis Propagation Delay Crossover Delay Thermal Shut Down Temperature Thermal Shut Down Hysteresis IIN(1) IIN(0) Vhys tpd(on) tpd(off) tCOD TJ TJhys VIN = 2.0 V VIN = 0.5 V Input Low to Sink On, Input High to Source On Input High to Sink Off, Input Low to Source Off
Min. - - - - - - - - VBB/2 - - - - - - - - -
Typ. 1.8 1.2 1.2 0.8 - 0.6 - <50 - -
Max. 2.1 1.4 1.4 1.0 1.5 - 100 500 - 0.5
Units V mA nA nA V V nA nA mV ns ns ns C C
<100 500 <-100 -500 150 - 130 50 80 150 10 - - - - -
THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS Characteristics Package Thermal Resistance* Symbol Test Conditions Measured on 4-layer board based on JEDEC standard Measured on 2-layer board with copper limited to solder pads and 0.88 in2. of copper on each side Rating 45 65 Unit C/W C/W
RJA
*Additional
thermal information is available on the Allegro Web site.
Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. 115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036 Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000 www.allegromicro.com
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A3901
Dual Full Bridge Low Voltage Motor Driver
Motor Operation Truth Table
OUT2 OUT3 OUT4 Stepper Motor IN1 IN2 IN3 IN4 0 0 0 0 OFF OFF OFF OFF 1 0 1 0 H L H L 0 0 1 0 OFF OFF H L 0 1 1 0 L H H L 0 1 0 0 L H OFF OFF 0 1 0 1 L H L H 0 0 0 1 OFF OFF L H 1 0 0 1 H L L H 1 0 0 0 H L OFF OFF DC Motor (Dual) IN1 or IN3 IN2 or IN4 0 0 OFF OFF OFF OFF 1 0 H L H L 0 1 L H L H 1 1 L L L L DC Motor (Single, Paralleled) IN1 and IN3 IN2 and IN4 0 0 OFF OFF OFF OFF 1 0 H L H L 0 1 L H L H 1 1 L L L L DC Motor (External PWM) IN1 or IN3 IN2 or IN4 1 0 H L H L 0 0 OFF OFF OFF OFF 0 1 L H L H 0 0 OFF OFF OFF OFF 1 0 H L H L 1 1 L L L L 0 1 L H L H 1 1 L L L L 10 = logic low, V < VIN(0)(max); 1 = logic high, VINx> VIN(1)(min) INx 2H = voltage high, source driver on; L = voltage low, sink driver on INx1 OUT12 Function Full Stepping Sleep Mode Step 1 - Step 2 - Step 3 - Step 4 - Half-Stepping Sleep Mode Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5 Step 6 Step 7 Step 8
Hi-Z (Sleep Mode)/Coast Forward Reverse Brake
Hi-Z (Sleep Mode)/Coast Forward Reverse Brake
Forward Fast Decay Reverse Fast Decay Forward Slow Decay Reverse Slow Decay
Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. 115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036 Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000 www.allegromicro.com
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A3901
Dual Full Bridge Low Voltage Motor Driver
Characteristic Performance
Output On Resistance versus Load Supply Voltage IOUT = 100 mA
4.00 3.50 3.00
Output On Resistance versus Load Supply Voltage IOUT = 300 mA
4.00 3.50 3.00
Source Sink Total
Source Sink Total
RDS(on) ()
RDS(on) ()
2.50 2.00 1.50 1.00 0.50 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0
2.50 2.00 1.50 1.00 0.50 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0
VBB (V)
VBB (V)
Output On Resistance versus Output Current VBB = 3 V
3.50 3.00
Output On Resistance versus Output Current VBB = 5 V
3.50 3.00
Source
Source
RDS(on) ()
RDS(on) ()
2.50 2.00 1.50 1.00 0.50 100 150 200 250 300
Sink Total
2.50 2.00 1.50 1.00 0.50
Sink Total
350
400
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
VBB (V)
VBB (V)
Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. 115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036 Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000 www.allegromicro.com
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A3901
Dual Full Bridge Low Voltage Motor Driver
Functional Description
Device Operation. The A3901 is a dual full-bridge low voltage motor driver capable of operating one stepper motor or up to two dc motors. MOSFET output stages substantially reduce the voltage drop and the power dissipation of the outputs of the A3901 compared to typical drivers with bipolar transistors. Internal circuit protection includes thermal shutdown with hysteresis, clamp diodes, and crossover current protection. The A3901 is designed for portable applications with a power-off (Sleep mode) current of 50 nA typical, and an operating voltage of 2.5 to 5.5 V. The A3901 logic inputs are 3 to 5 V logic compatible. Output current can be regulated by pulse width modulating (PWM) the inputs. The full-bridge outputs can be paralleled for higher-current applications (see figure 6). In conditions where the logic supply voltage drops below 2.5 V, both the sink and the source RDS(on) will increase beyond the specified values. In extreme cases, no power will be delivered to the motor(s). However, the device will not be damaged. In stepping operation, the device can drive in either full- or half-step mode. The stepping mode is set by
the signal pattern on the INx terminals, as shown in the stepping timing diagrams. External PWM. Pulse width modulating the inputs allows the output current to be regulated. Slow decay mode is achieved by holding one input high while PWMing the other input. Holding one input low and PWMing the other input results in fast decay. See the External PWM diagram. Sleep Mode. Pulling all inputs to 0.5 V or less, sends the A3901 into Sleep mode, during which it draws 50 nA typical. Thermal Shutdown. The A3901 will disable the outputs if the junction temperature reaches 165C. When thermal shutdown is entered, after the junction temperature drops 15C, the outputs will be re-enabled. Brake Mode. When driving dc motors, the A3901 will go into Brake mode (turn on both sink drivers) when all inputs, INx, are logic 1. There is no protection during braking, so care must be taken to ensure that the peak current during braking does not exceed the absolute maximum current.
Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. 115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036 Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000 www.allegromicro.com
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A3901
Dual Full Bridge Low Voltage Motor Driver
Application Information
VB B
TSD IN1 OUT1
IN2
OUT2
GND
CONTROL LOGIC/ GATE DRIVE
VBB 10 F/10 V OUT3 Stepper Motor
IN3
IN4
OUT4
Figure 4a. Typical stepper motor control application
IN1 IN2 IN3 IN4
+VBB/Rmotor
IOUT1-2
0A -VBB/Rmotor +VBB/Rmotor
IOUT3-4
0A -VBB/Rmotor
Figure 4b. Full step mode timing chart
IN1 IN2 IN3 IN4
+VBB/Rmotor
IOUT1-2
0A -VBB/Rmotor +VBB/Rmotor
IOUT3-4
0A -VBB/Rmotor
Figure 4c. Half step mode timing chart
Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. 115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036 Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000 www.allegromicro.com
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A3901
Dual Full Bridge Low Voltage Motor Driver
VB B
TSD IN1 OUT1 DC Motor
IN2
OUT2
GND
CONTROL LOGIC/ GATE DRIVE
VBB 10 F/10 V OUT3 DC Motor
IN3
IN4
OUT4
Figure 5. Typical dual dc motor control application. Either IN1 or IN2 can be used to drive OUT1 and OUT2. Either IN3 or IN4 can be used to drive OUT3 and OUT4.
VB B
TSD IN1 OUT1 DC Motor
IN2
OUT2
GND
CONTROL LOGIC/ GATE DRIVE
VBB
10 F 10 V OUT3
IN3
IN4
OUT4
Figure 6. Typical single dc motor control (paralleled outputs)
Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. 115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036 Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000 www.allegromicro.com
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A3901
Dual Full Bridge Low Voltage Motor Driver
IN1/3
IN2/4
+VBB/Rmotor +(VBB-VBEMF)/Rmotor
IOUT1-2/3-4
0A
-(VBB-VBEMF)/Rmotor -VBB/Rmotor
Forward
Brake
Reverse
Coast
Figure 7. Typical dual dc motor control application
IN1/3
IN2/4
+IREG
IOUT1-2/3-4
0A
-IREG
Forward/ Fast Decay
Reverse/ Fast Decay
Forward/ Slow Decay
Reverse/ Slow Decay
Figure 8. External PWM current control in fast and slow decay modes
Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. 115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036 Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000 www.allegromicro.com
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A3901
Dual Full Bridge Low Voltage Motor Driver
Package EJ, 10-contact DFN/MLP
3.15 .124 2.85 .112 10 Preliminary dimensions, for reference only (reference JEDEC MO-229 WEED) Dimensions in millimeters U.S. Customary dimensions (in.) in brackets, for reference only Dimensions exclusive of mold flash, gate burrs, and dambar protrusions Exact case and lead configuration at supplier discretion within limits shown A Terminal #1 mark area B Exposed thermal pad (reference dimensions only, terminal #1 identifier appearance at supplier discretion) C Reference pad layout (reference IPC7351 SON50P300X300-11WEED3N); adjust as necessary to meet application process requirements; when mounted on multilayer PCBs, thermal vias at the exposed thermal pad land can improve thermal dissipation (reference EIA/JEDEC Standard JESD51-5) 1
A B
3.15 .124 2.85 .112 A
2
10X 0.08 [.003] C 10X 0.30 .012 0.18 .007 0.10 [.004] M C A B 0.05 [.002] M C 0.50 .020
SEATING PLANE 0.80 .031 0.70 .028 0.20 .008 REF 0.05 .002 0.00 .000
C
0.30 .012 NOM 0.85 .033 NOM C 0.50 .020 NOM
1 0.225 x 0.225 .009 x .009 REF 1.64 .065 NOM 2.90 .114 NOM
2
0.200.05 .008.002 MIN
0.50 .020 0.30 .012
B
1.64 .065 NOM
10 2.38 .094 NOM 2.38 .094 NOM
The products described herein are manufactured under one or more of the following U.S. patents: 5,045,920; 5,264,783; 5,442,283; 5,389,889; 5,581,179; 5,517,112; 5,619,137; 5,621,319; 5,650,719; 5,686,894; 5,694,038; 5,729,130; 5,917,320; and other patents pending. Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. reserves the right to make, from time to time, such departures from the detail specifications as may be required to permit improvements in the performance, reliability, or manufacturability of its products. Before placing an order, the user is cautioned to verify that the information being relied upon is current. Allegro products are not authorized for use as critical components in life-support devices or systems without express written approval. The information included herein is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. assumes no responsibility for its use; nor for any infringement of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. Copyright(c)2005, 2006 Allegro MicroSystems, Inc.
Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. 115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036 Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000 www.allegromicro.com
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