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| TDA7540B AM/FM Car Radio Tuner IC with Stereo Decoder and Intelligent Selectivity System (ISS) Features FM-Part RF AGC generation by RF and IF detection I/Q mixer for 1st FM IF 10.7MHz with image rejection Mixer for 2nd IF 450kHz Internal 450KHz bandpass filter with bandwidth control by ISS Fully integrated FM-demodulator with spike cancellation TQFP80 Additional Features VCO for world tuning range High performance fast PLL for RDS-System IF counter for FM and AM with search stop signal Quality detector for level, deviation, adjacent channel and multipath ISS (Intelligent Selectivity System) for cancellation of adjacent channel and noise influences Adjacent channel mute Fully electronic alignment All functions I2C-Bus controlled AM-Part Wide and narrow AGC generation Mixer for 1st IF 10.7MHz, AM upconversion Mixer for 2nd IF 450kHz, AM downconversion Integrated AM-demodulator AM IF- and audio noise blanking Stereodecoder PLL with adjustment free, fully integrated VCO Automatic pilot dependent MONO/STEREO switching Programmable ROLL-OFF compensation High cut and stereo blend-characteristics programmable Dedicated RDS-mute Internal noise blanker with several threshold controls Description The TDA7540 is a high performance tuner circuit for AM/FM car radio. It contains mixer, IF amplifier, demodulator for AM and FM, stereodecoder, quality detection, ISS filter and PLL synthesizer with IF counter on a single chip. Use of BICMOS technology allows the implementation of several tuning functions and a minimum of external components. Order codes Part number TDA7540B Temp range, C -40 to 85 Package TQFP80 Packing Tube May 2006 Rev 1 1/75 www.st.com 75 Contents TDA7540B Contents 1 2 Block diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Pins description and connection diagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 2.1 2.2 2.3 TQFP80 pins connection diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Pin description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Thermal data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 3 Electrical specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 3.1 3.2 Absolute maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 3.2.1 3.2.2 3.2.3 3.2.4 3.2.5 Globals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 FM section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 AM section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Stereodecoder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 PLL section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 4 Functional description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 4.1 FM section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 4.1.1 4.1.2 4.1.3 4.1.4 Mixer1, AGC and 1.IF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Mixer2, limiter and demodulator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Quality detection and ISS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Soft mute control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 4.2 4.3 AM section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Stereodecoder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 4.3.1 4.3.2 4.3.3 4.3.4 4.3.5 Decoder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Functional description of the noise blanker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 Functional description of the multipath-detector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Quality detector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 AFS control and stereo decoder mute . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 4.4 PLL and if counter section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 4.4.1 4.4.2 2 PLL frequency synthesizer block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 IF counter block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 4.5 I C-Bus interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 2/75 TDA7540B 4.5.1 4.5.2 4.5.3 4.5.4 4.5.5 4.5.6 4.5.7 4.5.8 Contents Data transition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 Start condition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 Stop condition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Acknowledge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Data transfer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Device addressing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Write operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Read operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 5 Software specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 5.1 5.2 Address organization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 Control register function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 5.2.1 Data Byte Specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 6 7 8 9 10 11 Appendix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 Part List (Application and measurment circuit) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 Application circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 Application Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 Package Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 3/75 Block diagram TDA7540B 1 Figure 1. Block diagram Block circuit diagram 4/75 TDA7540B Pins description and connection diagrams 2 2.1 Pins description and connection diagrams TQFP80 pins connection diagram Figure 2. TQFP80 pins connection (top view) AMMIX2OUT1 AMREFDEMC AMAGC2TC MIX1OUT2 AMMIX2OUT2 AMRFAGCTC IF1AMP1OUT IF1AMP2OUT FMM1X2REF IF1AMP1IN IF1AMP2IN FMM1X2IN IF1AGCIN GNDIF1 TEST2 GNDVCC2 60 59 58 57 56 55 54 53 52 51 50 49 48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 VREF2 LPAM LPFM ISSTC1 ISSTC2 SSTOP XTALG XTALD LPOUT GNDVCC3 AMST/MP GNDVCO INLOCK ADJCH VCC3 LPHC SDA FSTC FSU SCL AMDETC VCCIF1 IF1REF 80 79 78 77 76 75 74 73 72 71 70 69 68 67 66 65 64 63 62 61 MIX1 OUT1 TEST1 DEVTC AMMIX1IN AMMIX1REF AMRFAGCOUT AMPINDR FMPINDR FMMIX1IN1 GNDRF FMMIX1IN2 TV1 TV2 ISSSTATUS S1 FMAGCTC S2 VCOB VCOE VCCVCO 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 VREF1 RXIN0AMIF2IN MPXW GNDDEM FMREFDEMC AMIF2REF AMIF2BPF MPXOUT AFS VCCSTEREO MPXIN MUTETC MPTC GNDSTEREO QUALYOUT FSWO VCC1 L R GNDVCC1 VCC2 D05AU1618 2.2 Pin description Table 1. Pin No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Pin description Pin Name MIX1OUT1 TEST1 DEVTC AMMIX1IN AMMIX1REF AMRFAGCOUT AMPINDR FMPINDR FMMIX1IN1 GNDRF FMMIX1IN2 Mixer Tank 10.7MHz Testing I/O Pin Deviation Detector Time Constant AM Mixer1 Input AM Mixer1 Reference Output AM RF AGC AM PIN Diode Driver Output FM PIN Diode Driver Output FM Mixer1 Input1 RF Ground FM Mixer1 Input2 Function 5/75 Pins description and connection diagrams Table 1. Pin No. 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 TDA7540B Pin description (continued) Pin Name TV1 TV2 ISSSTATUS S1 FMAGCTC S2 VCOB VCOE VCCVCO GNDVCO FSU ADJCH AMST/MP INLOCK XTALG ISSTC1 ISSTC2 XTALD SSTOP SDA SCL FSTC GNDVCC3 LPOUT VCC3 VREF2 LPAM LPFM LPHC GNDVCC1 R L VCC1 FSWO Qualyout GNDSTEREO MPTC MUTETC Tuning Voltage Preselection1 Tuning Voltage Preselection2 ISS Filter Status Output Free Programmable Switching Output FM AGC Time Constant Free Programmable Switching Output VCO Input Base VCO Output Emitter VCO Supply VCO Ground Unweighted Fieldstrength Output Ident. Adjacent Channel Output AM Stereo Output / Ident. Multipath Output PLL Inlock Information Output Xtal Oscillator to MOS Gate Time Constant1 ISS Filter Switch Time Constant2 ISS Filter Switch Xtal Oscillator to MOS Drain Search Stop Output I2C-Bus Data I2C-Bus Clock S-meter Filtering Capacitor VCC3 Ground Op Amp Output to PLL Loop Filters Supply Tuning Voltage Voltage Reference for PLL Op Amp Op Amp Input to PLL Loop Filters AM Op Amp Input to PLL Loop Filters FM High Current PLL Loop Filter Input Digital Ground Stereodecoder Output Right Stereodecoder Output Left Digital Supply Weighted Fieldstrength Output with programmable DC offset Stereodecoder Quality Output Strereodecoder Ground Multipath Time Constant Weak Signal Mute Time Constant Function 6/75 TDA7540B Table 1. Pin No. 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 Pins description and connection diagrams Pin description (continued) Pin Name MPXIN VCCSTEREO AFS MPX/AFAM AMIF2BPF AMIF2REF FMREFDEMC GNDDEM MPXW AMIF2IN VREF1 GNDVCC2 AMMIX2OUT2 AMMIX2OUT1 VCC2 FMMIX2IN FMMIX2REF AMRFAGCTC IF1AMP2OUT AMDETC AMREFDEMC IF1AMP2IN VCCIF1 IF1AMP1OUT IF1REF IF1AMP1IN GNDIF1 IF1AGCIN AMAGC2TC TEST2 MIX1OUT2 Stereodecoder Input Stereodecoder Supply Alternative Frequency Search Drive MPX Output / AM AF Output AM IF2 Bandpass Filter Reference Voltage AM IF2 Amplifier FM Demodulator Reference Ground FM Demodulator MPX Output without ISS Filtering Input AM IF2 Reference 5V Analog Ground AM Tank 450kHz AM Tank 450kHz Analog Supply FM IF1 Mixer2 Input FM IF1 Mixer2 Reference AM RF AGC Time Constant IF1 Amplifier2 Output AM Detector Capacitor AM Demodulator Reference IF1 Amplifier2 Input IF1 Supply IF1 Amplifier1 Output IF1 Amplifier Reference IF1 Amplifier1 Input IF1 Ground IF1 AGC Input AM AGC2 Time Constant Testing I/O Pin Mixer Tank 10.7MHz Function 2.3 Thermal data Table 2. Symbol Rth(j-amb) Thermal data Parameter Thermal Resistance Junction to ambient Max. Value 55 Unit C/W 7/75 Electrical specifications TDA7540B 3 3.1 Electrical specifications Absolute maximum ratings Table 3. Symbol VS Tamb Tstg VESD VESD VESD Supply voltage Ambient temperature Storage temperature ESD protection (Human Body Model) ESD protection (Machine Model) ESD protection (Change Device Model) Absolute maximum rating Parameter Value 9.5 -40 to 85 -55 to 150 1500 150 750 Unit V C C V V V 3.2 3.2.1 Table 4. Electrical characteristics Globals Electrical characteristics (Tamb = 25C, VCC1 = VCC2 = VCC3 = VCCST= VCCVCO = VCCMIX1 = VCCMIX2 = VCCIF1 =8.5V, fXtal = 10.25MHz, in application circuit, unless otherwise specified). Parameter Test conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit Item 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 1.15 Symbol Supply VCC1 VCC2 VCC3 VCCVCO VCCMIX1 VCCMIX2 VCCIF1 VCCST ICC1 ICC1 ICC2 ICC2 ICC3 ICCVCO ICCMIX1 Digital supply voltage Analog supply voltage Analog tuning voltage VCO supply voltage MIX1 supply voltage MIX2 supply voltage IF1 supply voltage Stereo supply voltage Supply current Supply current Supply current Supply current Supply current Supply current Supply current FM ON FM ON AM ON FM ON / VCO:3 AM ON 7.7 7.7 7.7 7.7 7.7 7.7 7.7 7.7 8.5 8.5 8.5 8.5 8.5 8.5 8.5 8.5 10 10 90 90 4.5 8 8 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 V V V V V V V V mA mA mA mA mA mA mA 8/75 TDA7540B Table 4. Electrical specifications Electrical characteristics (continued) (Tamb = 25C, VCC1 = VCC2 = VCC3 = VCCST= VCCVCO = VCCMIX1 = VCCMIX2 = VCCIF1 =8.5V, fXtal = 10.25MHz, in application circuit, unless otherwise specified). Parameter Supply current Supply current Supply current Supply current Test conditions AM ON AM ON Min. Typ. 7 7 5 13 Max. Unit mA mA mA mA Item 1.16 1.17 1.18 1.19 2 2.1 2.2 3 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 Symbol ICCMIX1 ICCMIX2 ICCIF1 ICCST Reference Voltages VREF1 VREF2 Internal reference voltage Internal reference voltage IREF1 = 0mA IREF2 = 0mA 5 2.5 V V I2C-Bus interface fSCL VIL VIH IIN VO Clock frequency Input low voltage Input high voltage Input current Output acknowledge voltage IO = 1.6mA 3 -5 400 1 5 5 0.4 kHz V V A V 3.2.2 Table 5. FM section Electrical characteristics (Tamb = 25C, VCC1 = VCC2 = VCC3 = VCCST= VCCVCO = VCCMIX1 = VCCMIX2 = VCCIF1 = 8.5V, fRF = 98MHz, dev= 40kHz, fMOD = 1kHz, fXtal = 10.25MHz, in application circuit, unless otherwise specified). Symbol Parameter Test Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit Item 4 4.1 4.2 5 5.1 5.2 5.3 Wide Band RF AGC V9-11 V9-11 Lower threshold start Upper threshold start V16 = 2.5V V16 = 2.5V 85 96 dBV dBV Narrow Band IF & Keying AGC V77 V77 V77 Lower threshold start Upper threshold start Lower threshold start with KAGC KAGC = off, V9-11 = 0mVRMS KAGC = off, V9-11 = 0mVRMS KAGC = max, V9-11 = 0mVRMS, fIF=300KHz KAGC = max, V9-11 = 0mVRMS, fIF=300KHz fIF1 generates FS level at V22 V22= +0.8V 86 98 98 dBV dBV dBV 5.4 V22 RIN Startpoint KAGC 2.2 V 5.5 5.6 Control range KAGC Input resistance 16 10 dB k 9/75 Electrical specifications Table 5. TDA7540B Electrical characteristics (continued) (Tamb = 25C, VCC1 = VCC2 = VCC3 = VCCST= VCCVCO = VCCMIX1 = VCCMIX2 = VCCIF1 = 8.5V, fRF = 98MHz, dev= 40kHz, fMOD = 1kHz, fXtal = 10.25MHz, in application circuit, unless otherwise specified). Symbol CIN Parameter Input capacitance Test Conditions Min. Typ. 2.5 Max. Unit pF Item 5.7 6 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 7 7.1 7.2 8 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 8.6 8.7 8.8 8.9 8.10 8.11 9 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 9.6 9.7 10 10.1 10.2 AGC Time Constant Output V16 V16 I16 I16 Max. AGC output voltage Min. AGC output voltage Min. AGC charge current Max. AGC discharge current V9-11 = 0mVRMS V9-11 = 50mVRMS V9-11 = 0mVRMS,V16 = 2.5V V9-11 = 50mVRMS,V16 = 2.5V -12.5 1.25 VREF1 +VBE 0.5 V V A mA AGC PIN Diode Driver Output I8 I8 AGC OUT, current min. AGC OUT, current max. V9-11 = 0mVRMS, V8 = 2.5V V9-11 = 50 mVRMS, V8 = 2.5V 50 -20 A mA I/Q Mixer1 (10.7MHz) RIN CIN ROUT V9,11 gm F CP1dB IIP3 IQP IRR IRR Input resistance Input capacitance Output resistance Input dc bias Conversion transconductance Noise figure 1dB compression point 3rd order intermodulation I/Q phase adjust Image rejection ratio Image rejection ratio PH ratio wanted/image with phase adjust -7 30 40 40 46 400 generator resistance referred to diff. mixer input differential differential differential 100 3.2 17 3 100 122 +8 10 4 k pF k V ms dB dBV dBV dB dB IF1 Amplifier1 +2 (10.7MHz) G2 G1min G1max RIN ROUT CP1dB IIP3 Gain Min. gain Max. gain Input resistance Output resistance 1dB compression point 3rd order Intermodulation referred to 330 input ref. to 330 input, 9dB gain IFG1 IFG1 6 9 18 330 330 105 126 dB dB dB W W dBV dBV Mixer2 (450kHz) RIN V65 Input impedance Max. input voltage 330 119 dBV 10/75 TDA7540B Table 5. Electrical specifications Electrical characteristics (continued) (Tamb = 25C, VCC1 = VCC2 = VCC3 = VCCST= VCCVCO = VCCMIX1 = VCCMIX2 = VCCIF1 = 8.5V, fRF = 98MHz, dev= 40kHz, fMOD = 1kHz, fXtal = 10.25MHz, in application circuit, unless otherwise specified). Item 10.3 10.4 11 11.1 12 12.1 12.2 12.3 12.4 12.5 12.6 12.7 13 Symbol V65 G Parameter Limiting sensitivity Mixer gain Test Conditions S/N = 20dB Min. Typ. 28 18 Max. Unit dBV dB Limiter 1 (450kHz) GLimiter Gain 80 dB Demodulator, Audio Output THD VMPX ROUT |V|min |V|max S/N VMPXW MPXW output signal MPX output signal Output impedance DC offset fine adjust DC offset fine adjust DEM, MENA=1 DEM, MENA=1 Dev.= 40kHz,V65 = 10mVRMS Dev.= 75kHz Dev.= 75kHz, V65= 10mVRMS Dev.= 75kHz 500 50 8.5 264 76 350 0.1 % mVRMS mV mV dB mVRMS Quality Detection S-meter, Unweighted Fieldstrength 13.1 13.2 13.3 13.4 13.5 13.6 13.7 13.8 V65 V22 V22 V22 V22 V22 ROUT TK Min. input voltage MIX2 Fieldstrength output Fieldstrength output voltage per decade voltage per decade S-meter offset Output impedance Temp coeff. V65 = 20dBV V65 = 119dBV SMSL = 0 SMSL = 1 SL, SMSL=1 -15 30 0.1 4.9 1 1.5 15 400 0 dBV V V V V dB ppm/K Adjacent Channel Gain 13.9 13.10 Gmin Gmax Gain minimum Gain maximum ACG=0 ACG=1 32 38 dB dB Adjacent Channel Filter 13.11 13.12 13.13 fHP fBP f-20dB -3dB frequency highpass Centre frequency Attenuation 20dB ACF=0 ACF=1 100 100 70 kHz kHz kHz Adjacent Channel Output 13.14 13.15 V23 V23 Output voltage low Output voltage high 0.1 4.9 V V 11/75 Electrical specifications Table 5. TDA7540B Electrical characteristics (continued) (Tamb = 25C, VCC1 = VCC2 = VCC3 = VCCST= VCCVCO = VCCMIX1 = VCCMIX2 = VCCIF1 = 8.5V, fRF = 98MHz, dev= 40kHz, fMOD = 1kHz, fXtal = 10.25MHz, in application circuit, unless otherwise specified). Symbol ROUT Parameter Output resistance Test Conditions Min. Typ. 4 Max. Unit k Item 13.16 Multipath Channel Gain 13.17 13.18 Gmin Gmax Gain minimum Gain maximum MPG=0 MPG=1 12 23 dB dB Multipath Bandpass Filter 13.19 fBP19 13.20 fBP31 13.21 Q Centre frequency Centre frequency Quality factor MPF=0 MPF=1 5 19 31 8 10 kHz kHz Multipath Output 13.22 13.23 13.24 14 V24 V24 ROUT Output voltage low Output voltage high Output resistance 0.1 4.9 2.5 V V k ISS (intelligent Selectivity System) Filter 450kHz 14.1 14.2 14.3 14.4 14.5 14.6 14.7 fcentre BW 3dB Centre frequency Bandwidth, -3dB fREF_intern = 450kHz ISS80 = 1 ISS80 = 1 ISS80 = 0 ISS80 = 0 ISS30 = 1 ISS30 = 1 450 80 150 120 250 30 80 kHz kHz kHz kHz kHz kHz kHz BW 20dB Bandwidth, -20dB BW 3dB Bandwidth, -3dB BW 20dB Bandwidth, -20dB BW 3dB Bandwidth weather band BW 20dB -20dB weather band Adjacent Channel ISS Filter Threshold 14.8 14.9 14.10 14.11 VNTH VNTH VWTH VWTH Internal low threshold Internal high threshold Internal low threshold Internal high threshold ACNTH ACNTH ACWTH ACWTH 0 0.3 0.25 0.95 V V V V Multipath Threshold 14.12 14.13 VTHMP VTHMP Internal low threshold Internal high threshold MPTH MPTH 0.50 1.25 V V ISS Filter Time Constant 14.14 14.15 14.16 I27,I28 I27,I28 I27,I28 Charge current low mid Charge current high mid TISS, ISSCTL = 1 TISS, ISSCTL = 1 -74 -60 -124 A A A Charge current low narrow TISS, ISSCTL = 1 12/75 TDA7540B Table 5. Electrical specifications Electrical characteristics (continued) (Tamb = 25C, VCC1 = VCC2 = VCC3 = VCCST= VCCVCO = VCCMIX1 = VCCMIX2 = VCCIF1 = 8.5V, fRF = 98MHz, dev= 40kHz, fMOD = 1kHz, fXtal = 10.25MHz, in application circuit, unless otherwise specified). Item 14.17 14.18 14.19 14.20 14.21 Symbol I27,I28 I27,I28 I27,I28 V27,V28 V27,V28 Parameter Charge current high narrow Discharge current low Discharge current high Low voltage High voltage Test Conditions TISS, ISSCTL = 1 TISS, ISSCTL = 0 TISS, ISSCTL = 0 ISSCTL = 0 ISSCTL = 1 Min. Typ. -110 1 15 0.1 4.9 Max. Unit A A A V V ISS Filter Switch Threshold 14.22 14.23 14.24 14.25 14.26 14.27 14.28 14.29 14.30 14.31 14.32 V27,V28 V27,V28 V27,V28 V27,V28 I3 I3 I3 I3 DEVWTH DEVWTH Threshold ISS on Threshold ISS off Threshold ISS narrow on Threshold ISS narrow off Charge current low Charge current high Discharge current low Discharge current high Internal low threshold Internal high threshold ISSCTL = 0 ISSCTL = 0 ISSCTL = 0 ISSCTL = 0 TDEV TDEV TDEV TDEV DWTH DWTH DTH DTH 3 1 4 2 -25 -39 1 15 30 75 1 1.5 V V V V A A A A kHz kHz RATIOmin Referred to threshold 14.33 RATIOmax Referred to threshold 15 15.1 15.2 15.3 15.4 15.5 15.6 15.7 15.8 15.9 16 16.1 Softmute VANT VANT aSMmin aSMmax aSMTHISS VACTH aSMAC I49 I49 S/N MPX (S+N)/N Upper startpoint lower startpoint Min. softmute depth Max. softmute depth Mute depth threshold for ISS filter on Internal AC mute threshold AC mute depth Charge current Discharge current SMTH, SMD, SLOPE = 0 SMTH, SMD, SLOPE = 0 SMD, SLOPE = 0, SMTHUpper SMD, SLOPE = 0, SMTHUpper SMCTH ACM ACMD 0.2 60 4 10 3 18 36 1 2 340 10 -47.5 2.5 dBV dBV dB dB dB mV dB A A VANT = 60dBV, dev.= 40kHz,LP=15KHz deemphasis t = 50s 66 69 dB 13/75 Electrical specifications TDA7540B 3.2.3 Table 6. AM section Electrical Characteristics (Tamb = 25C, VCC1 = VCC2 = VCC3 = VCCST= VCCVCO = VCCMIX1 = VCCMIX2 = VCCIF1 = 8.5V, fRF = 98MHz, m= 30%, fMOD = 400kHz, fXtal = 10.25MHz, in application circuit, unless otherwise specified). Symbol Global VANT_us VANT (S+N)/N aIF fAF Usable sensitivity IF2 AGC Range Signal to Noise Ratio IF rejection Frequency response (S+N)/N = 26 dB Ref.: VINRF = 60dBV, Ref.: VINRF = 60dBV Ref: VINRF = 60dBV, IF = 10.7MHz VAF Item 17 17.1 17.2 17.3 17.4 17.5 Parameter Test Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit 25 50 50 70 19 52 55 80 3.6 0.5 0.3 1.0 0.3 190 190 90 109 90 109 74 96 160 30 dBV dB dB dB kHz Ref.: VINRF = 60dBV, = -3 dB 17.6 THD Total Harmonic Distortion VINRF = 60dBV, m = 0.8 m = 0.3 VINRF = 120 dBV, m = 0.8 m = 0.3 VINRF = 60dBV VINRF = 60dB, m=off WAGC WAGC DAGC seek seek/seek off % 17.7 17.8 17.9 17.10 17.11 17.12 17.13 18 18.1 18.2 18.3 19 19.1 20 20.1 20.2 20.3 V53 V24 V4 V71 V71 |I78max| CCR AF output level IF output level Min. RF AGC threshold Max. RF AGC threshold Min. IF AGC threshold Max. IF AGC threshold Min. DAGC threshold Max. DAGC threshold AGC2 charge current Charge current ratio mVRMS mVRMS dBV dBV dBV dBV dBV dBV A AGC Voltage Driver Output V6 V6 | I6 | Max. AGC output voltage Min. AGC output voltage AGC current 100 3.5 0.5 V V A AGC PIN Diode Driver Output I7 AGC driver current -2 mA AM Mixer1 (10.7MHz) RIN CIN ROUT Input resistance Input capacitance Output impedance differential differential differential 100 100 4 k pF k 14/75 TDA7540B Table 6. Electrical specifications Electrical Characteristics (Tamb = 25C, VCC1 = VCC2 = VCC3 = VCCST= VCCVCO = VCCMIX1 = VCCMIX2 = VCCIF1 = 8.5V, fRF = 98MHz, m= 30%, fMOD = 400kHz, fXtal = 10.25MHz, in application circuit, unless otherwise specified). Item 20.4 20.5 20.6 20.7 20.8 20.9 20.10 21 21.1 21.2 21.3 21.4 21.5 21.6 21.7 21.8 21.9 21.10 22 22.1 22.2 22.3 22.4 22.5 22.6 22.7 Symbol CP1dB IIP3 F A Cmin Cmax C1-80 Parameter 1dB compression point 3rd order intermodulation Noise figure Gain Min. capacitance step Max. capacitance IF1T IF1T IF1T Test Conditions referred to diff. mixer input Min. Typ. 112 132 8 26 0.55 8.25 2 Max. Unit dBV dBV dB dB pF pF pF AM Mixer2 (450kHz) R71 C71 CP1dB IIP3 F A A Cmin Cmax C62-63 IF Noise Blanking tbl tbl Vth Vth Vthstep Vdesth Vdesth Min. blanking time Max. blanking time Min internal threshold Max. internal threshold Threshold step Min. desensitivity threshold Max. desensitivity threshold 8 17 0 187.5 12.5 3.2 4 s s mV mV mV V V Input resistance Input capacitance 1dB compression point 3rd order intermodulation Noise figure Max. gain Gain control range Min. cap step Max. cap IF2T IF2T IF2T Mixer2 tank output referred to diff. mixer input 330 2.5 120 132 12 34 20 1.6 24 2 W pF dBV dBV dB dB dB pF pF pF 15/75 Electrical specifications TDA7540B 3.2.4 Table 7. Stereodecoder Electrical characteristics (Tamb = 25C, VCC1 = VCC2 = VCC3 = VCCST= VCCVCO = VCCMIX1 = VCCMIX2 = VCCIF1 = 8.5V, VMPX = 500mVrmsmono, f = 1kHz, deemphasis = 50s, fXtal = 10.25MHz, in application circuit, unless otherwise specified). Symbol Stereodecoder Vin Rin Gmin Gmax Gstep SVRR a THD (S+N)/N Vpuafs Rpuafs VTH1 VTH2 MPX input level Input resistance Min. Stereodecoder gain Max. Stereodecoder gain Stereodecoder gain step resolution Supply voltage ripple rejection Max. channel separation Total harmonic distortion Signal plus Noise to Noise ratio Pull up voltage for AFS pin Pull up resistor for AFS pin 1. threshold for AFS PIN 2. threshold for AFS PIN A-weighted, 19kHz notch Vripple = 100mV, f = 1kHz VMPX = 500mVrms stereo only L/R STD Gain = 2,5 dB 0.5 100 0 3.75 1.25 60 50 0.02 85 3.3 25 2.4 0.8 0.3 0.93 Vrms k dB dB dB dB dB % dB V k V V Parameter Test Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit Item 23 23.1 23.2 23.3 23.4 23.5 23.6 23.7 23.8 23.9 23.10 23.11 23.12 23.13 24 24.1 24.2 24.3 24.4 25 25.1 25.2 26 26.1 26.2 Mono/Stereo-switch VPTHST1 VPTHST0 VPTHMO1 VPTHMO0 19kHz PLL flock DP PLL lock range Pilot deviation Pilot magnitude 20 mVrms = 4% Pilot frequency 19kHz 18.9 4 19.1 30 kHz % Pilot threshold voltage Pilot threshold voltage Pilot threshold voltage Pilot threshold voltage for Mono->Stereo, PTH = 1 for Mono->Stereo, PTH = 0 for Stereo->Mono, PTH = 1 for Stereo->Mono, PTH = 0 10 14 8 12 mVrms mVrms mVrms mVrms Deemphasis- and highcut tHC50 tHC75 Deemphasis time constant Deemphasis time constant DEEMP = 0, DESFT = 1 VLEVEL >> VHCH DEEMP = 1, DESFT = 1 VLEVEL >> VHCH 50 75 s s 16/75 TDA7540B Table 7. Electrical specifications Electrical characteristics (continued) (Tamb = 25C, VCC1 = VCC2 = VCC3 = VCCST= VCCVCO = VCCMIX1 = VCCMIX2 = VCCIF1 = 8.5V, VMPX = 500mVrmsmono, f = 1kHz, deemphasis = 50s, fXtal = 10.25MHz, in application circuit, unless otherwise specified). Item 26.3 26.4 26.5 26.6 26.7 26.8 27 27.1 27.2 27.3 27.4 27.5 27.6 27.7 27.8 27.9 27.10 27.11 27.12 28 28.1 28.2 28.3 28.4 29 29.1 29.2 Symbol tHC25 tHC37 tHC50 tHC75 FAMCMin FAMCMin Parameter Deemphasis time constant Deemphasis time constant Highcut time constant Highcut time constant Min. AM corner frequency Max. AM corner frequency Test Conditions DEEMP = 0, DESFT = 0 VLEVEL >> VHCH DEEMP = 1, DESFT = 0 VLEVEL >> VHCH DEEMP = 0, DESFT = 1 VLEVEL << VHCL DEEMP= 1, DESFT = 1 VLEVEL << VHCL DEEMP = 0, DESFT = 1 AMCF DEEMP = 0, DESFT = 1 AMCF Min. Typ. 25 37.5 150 225 1.06 3.18 Max. Unit s s s s kHz kHz Stereoblend- and highcut-control LGmin LGmax LGstep VSBLmin VSBLmax VSBLstep VHCHmin VHCHmax VHCHstep VHCLmin VHCLmax VHCLstep Min. level gain Max. level gain Level gain step resolution Min. voltage for mono Max. voltage for mono Step resolution Min. voltage for no highcut LG LG LG SBC SBC SBC VHCH 0 4.7 0.67 29 58 4.2 42 66 8 11 33 7.3 dB dB dB %VREF1 %VREF1 %VREF1 %VREF1 %VREF1 %VREF1 %VHCH %VHCH %VHCH Max. Voltage for no highcut VHCH Step resolution VHCH Min. voltage for full high cut VHCL, MAXHC = 00 Max. voltage for full high cut VHCL, MAXHC = 00 Step resolution VHCL, MAXHC = 00 Carrier and harmonic suppression at the output a19 a38 a57 a76 Pilot signal f=19kHz Subcarrier f=38kHz Subcarrier f=57kHz Subcarrier f=76kHz Vpilot = 50mVrms 50 75 62 90 dB dB dB dB Intermodulation (Note 1) a2 a3 fmod=10kHz, fspur=1kHz fmod=13kHz, fspur=1kHz 65 75 dB dB 17/75 Electrical specifications Table 7. TDA7540B Electrical characteristics (continued) (Tamb = 25C, VCC1 = VCC2 = VCC3 = VCCST= VCCVCO = VCCMIX1 = VCCMIX2 = VCCIF1 = 8.5V, VMPX = 500mVrmsmono, f = 1kHz, deemphasis = 50s, fXtal = 10.25MHz, in application circuit, unless otherwise specified). Symbol Parameter Test Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit Item 30 30.1 31 31.1 32 32.1 32.2 33 33.1 33.2 33.3 33.4 33.5 33.6 33.7 33.8 33.9 33.10 33.11 Traffic Radio (Note 2) a57 Signal f=57kHz 70 dB SCA - Subsidiary Communications Authorization (Note 3) a67 Signal f=67kHz 75 dB ACI - Adjacent Channel Interference (Note 4) a114 a190 Signal f=114kHz Signal f=190kHz 95 84 dB dB FM noise blanker VTRMIN VTRMAX VTRSTEP VTRNOISE VTRNOISE VPEAK VPEAK VPEAK VPEAKDEV VPEAKDEV VPEAKFS Min. trigger threshold 0) Max. trigger threshold 0) Trigger threshold step0) VPEAK=1.5V, NBCTH VPEAK=1.5V, NBCTH NBRR = 00, VMPX=0mV VMPX=50mV, f=150kHz VMPX=200mV, f=150kHz VMPX=500mV, NBDTH = 11 VMPX=500mV, NBDTH= 00 VPEAK=0.8V, NBLTH VPEAK=0.8V, NBLTH 147 280 19 450 1200 0.8 1.9 3.5 0.8 (off) 2.0 0.8 (off) 2.0 mVOP mVOP mVOP mVOP mVOP V V V VOP VOP V Min. noise controlled trigger threshold 0) Max. noise controlled trigger threshold 0) Peak voltage Peak voltage Peak voltage Min. deviation dependent peak voltage Max. deviation dependent peak voltage Min. fieldstrength controlled VMPX=0mV, VLEVEL<< VSBL (fully mono), NBFS = 11 peak voltage Max. fieldstrength controlled peak voltage Min. blanking time Max. blanking time Noise rectifier charge Noise rectifier charge VMPX=0mV, VLEVEL<< VSBL (fully mono), NBFS = 00 Signal HOLDN in testmode, NBT Signal HOLDN in testmode, NBT Signal PEAK in testmode, NBPC=0 Signal PEAK in testmode, NBPC=1 33.12 VPEAKFS V 33.13 33.14 33.15 33.16 TS TS SRPEAK SRPEAK 22 38 10 20 s s mV/s mV/s 18/75 TDA7540B Table 7. Electrical specifications Electrical characteristics (continued) (Tamb = 25C, VCC1 = VCC2 = VCC3 = VCCST= VCCVCO = VCCMIX1 = VCCMIX2 = VCCIF1 = 8.5V, VMPX = 500mVrmsmono, f = 1kHz, deemphasis = 50s, fXtal = 10.25MHz, in application circuit, unless otherwise specified). Item 33.17 Symbol VRECTADJ Parameter Noise rectifier discharge adjustment Noise rectifier discharge adjustment Noise rectifier discharge adjustment Noise rectifier discharge adjustment Noise rectifier adjustment by multipath Noise rectifier adjustment by strong multipath influence Noise rectifier adjustment by multipath and strong multipath influence AM delay filter attenuation Test Conditions Signal PEAK in testmode, NBRR=00, NBSMP=0, MPPC=0 Signal PEAK in testmode, NBRR=01, NBSMP=0, MPPC=0 Signal PEAK in testmode, NBRR=10, NBSMP=0, MPPC=0 Signal PEAK in testmode, NBRR=11, NBSMP=0, MPPC=0 Signal PEAK in testmode, VMPTC=1V, NBSMP=0, MPPC=1 Signal PEAK in testmode, VMPTC=1V,, NBSMP=1, MPPC=0 Signal PEAK in testmode, VMPTC=1V,, NBSMP=1, MPPC=1 f = 2.2kHz Min. Typ. 0.3 Max. Unit V/ms 33.18 VRECTADJ 0.8 V/ms 33.19 VRECTADJ 1.3 V/ms 33.20 VRECTADJ 2.0 V/ms 33.21 VADJMP TBD V/ms 33.22 VADJMP TBD V/ms 33.23 33.24 34 34.1 34.2 34.3 34.4 34.5 34.6 34.7 34.8 35 35.1 35.2 35.3 35.4 VADJMP GAMdelay TBD 2 V/ms dB Multipath Detector fCMP GBPMP GBPMP GRECTMP GRECTMP ICHMP ICHMP IDISMP Center frequency of multipath-bandpass Min. band pass gain Max. band pass gain Min. rectifier gain Max. rectifier gain Rectifier charge current Rectifier charge current Rectifier discharge current stereo decoder locked on pilot tone MPBPG MPBPG MPRG MPRG MPCC = 0 MPCC = 1 19 6 12 0 7.6 0.8 0.4 1 kHz dB dB dB dB A A mA Quality detector a a A A Min. MP influence factor Max. MP influence factor Min. noise influence factor Max. noise influence factor QDC QDC QNG QNG 0.6 1.05 6 15 dB dB 19/75 Electrical specifications 1. Intermodulation Suppression a2 = VO(signal,@1KHz) / VO(spurious, @1KHz) ; fs = (2x10KHz) - 19KHz a3 = VO(signal,@1KHz) / VO(spurious, @1KHz) ; fs = (3x13KHz) - 38KHz measured with: 91% stereo signal; 9% pilot signal; fm = 10kHz or 13kHz. TDA7540B 2. Traffic Radio (V.F.) Suppression a57(V,W,F) = VO(signal,@1KHz) / VO(spurious, @1KHz+/-23KHz) measured with: 91% stereo signal; 9% pilot signal; fm=1kHz; 5% sub carrier (f=57kHz, fm=23Hz AM, m=60%) 3. SCA ( Subsidiary Communications Authorization ) a67 = VO(signal,@1KHz) / VO(spurious, @9KHz) ; fs = (2x38KHz) - 67KHz measured with: 81% mono signal; 9% pilot signal; fm=1kHz; 10%SCA - sub carrier ( fS = 67kHz, unmodulated ). 4. ACI ( Adjacent Channel Interference ) a114 = VO(signal,@1KHz) / VO(spurious, @4KHz) ; fs = 110KHz - (3x38KHz) a190 = VO(signal,@1KHz) / VO(spurious, @4KHz) ; fs = 186KHz - (5x38KHz) measured with: 90% mono signal; 9% pilot signal; fm=1kHz; 1% spurious signal ( fS = 110kHz or 186kHz, unmodulated). 0) All thresholds are measured inTestmode at the quality output. The thresholds are calculated by VNBTH - VPEAK VPEAK is adjusted by applying a 150kHz sinewave at MPXIN. 20/75 TDA7540B Figure 3. Trigger threshold vs. VPEAK VTH Electrical specifications 1200 mV (00) 950 mV (01) 700 mV (10) 450 mV (11) Noise Controlled Trig. Threshold Min. Trig. T hreshold 200 mV 8 STEPS 147 mV 0.8 V 1.5 V V Peak Figure 4. Deviation controlled trigger adjustment VPEAK [V ] OP 00 2.0 01 1.5 10 1.0 0.8 11 Detector off 20 32.5 45 75 DEVIATION [KHz] Figure 5. Field strength controlled trigger adjustment VPEAK MONO STEREO 3V 2.0V (00) 1.6V (01) 1.4V (10) NOISE ATC_SB OFF (11) 0.8V noisy signal good signal E' 21/75 Electrical specifications TDA7540B 3.2.5 Table 8. PLL section Electrical characteristics (Tamb = 25C, VCC1 = VCC2 = VCC3 = VCCST= VCCVCO = VCCMIX1 = VCCMIX2 = VCCIF1 = 8.5V, fRF = 98MHz, dev. = 40kHz, fMOD = 1kHz, fXtal = 10.25MHz, in application circuit, unless otherwise specified). Symbol Parameter Test Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit Item 36 36.1 36.2 36.3 37 37.1 37.2 37.3 37.4 37.5 38 38.1 38.2 38.3 38.4 38.5 38.6 39 39.1 39.2 39.3 40 40.1 40.2 40.3 40.4 41 41.1 Output of Tuning Voltages (TV1,TV2) VOUT ROUT ROUT Output voltage Output impedance Output impedance TVO TVMODE=0 TVMODE=1 0.5 40 20 VCC3-0.5 V k k Xtal Reference Oscillator fLO CStep Cmax f/f f/f Reference frequency Min. cap step Max. cap Deviation versus VCC2 Deviation versus temp CLoad = 15pF XTAL XTAL VCC2 10.25 0.75 23.25 MHz pF pF ppm/V ppm/K = 1V 1.5 0.2 -40C < T < +85C Loop Filter Input/Output -IIN IIN VOL VOH IOUT IOUT Input leakage current Input leakage current Output voltage Low Output voltage High Output current, sink Output current, source VIN = GND, PDOUT = Tristate VIN = VREF1 PDOUT = Tristate IOUT = -0.2mA IOUT = 0.2mA VOUT = 1V to VCC3-1V VOUT = 1V to VCC3-1V -10 VCC30.5 -0.1 -0.1 0.05 VCC30.05 10 0.1 0.1 0.5 A A V V mA mA Voltage Controlled Oscillator (VCO) fVCOmin fVCOmax C/N Minimum VCO frequency Maximum VCO frequency Carrier to Noise fVCO= 200MHz, f=1KHz, B=1Hz, closed loop 80 50 260 MHz MHz dBc SSTOP, INLOCK, ISSSTATUS Outputs (Open Collector) V V -I I Output voltage low Output voltage high Output leakage current Output current, sink V = 5V V = 0.5V-5V -0.1 I = -200A 0.2 0.5 5 0.1 1 V V A mA Switching Outputs S1, S2 (Open Collector SMODE=1) V Output voltage low I = -5mA 0.2 0.5 V 22/75 TDA7540B Table 8. Electrical specifications Electrical characteristics (continued) (Tamb = 25C, VCC1 = VCC2 = VCC3 = VCCST= VCCVCO = VCCMIX1 = VCCMIX2 = VCCIF1 = 8.5V, fRF = 98MHz, dev. = 40kHz, fMOD = 1kHz, fXtal = 10.25MHz, in application circuit, unless otherwise specified). Item 41.2 41.3 41.4 42 42.1 42.2 42.3 42.4 Symbol V -I I Parameter Output voltage high Output leakage current Output current, sink Test Conditions Min. Typ. Max. VCC1 Unit V A mA V = 5V V = 0.5V-VCC -3 5 3 Switching Outputs S1, S2 (Open Emitter SMODE=0) V V -I I Output voltage low Output voltage high Output leakage current Output current, sink V = 5V I = 0A I = 1mA -0.1 5 0 VCC11 0.1 V V A mA 23/75 Functional description TDA7540B 4 4.1 4.1.1 Functional description FM section Mixer1, AGC and 1.IF FM quadrature I/Q-mixer converts FM RF to IF1 of 10.7MHz. The mixer provides inherent image rejection and wide dynamic range with low noise and large input signal performance. The mixer1 tank can be adjusted by software (IF1T). For accurate image rejection the phase-error of I/Q can be compensated by software (PH) It is capable of tuning the US FM, US weather, Europe FM, Japan FM and East Europe FM bands - - - - - US FM = 87.9 to 107.9 MHz US weather = 162.4 to 162.55 MHz Europe FM = 87.5 to 108 MHz Japan FM = 76 to 91 MHz East Europe FM = 65.8 to 74 MHz The AGC operates on different sensitivities and bandwidths in order to improve the input sensitivity and dynamic range. AGC thresholds are programmable by software (RFAGC,IFAGC,KAGC). The output signal is a controlled current for pin diode attenuator. A 10.7MHz programmable amplifier (IFG1) correct the IF ceramic insertion loss and the costumer level plan application. 4.1.2 Mixer2, limiter and demodulator In this 2nd mixer stage the first 10.7MHz IF is converted into the second 450kHz IF. A multistage limiter generates signals for the complete integrated demodulator including spike cancellation (DNB). MPX output DC offset versus noise DC level is correctable by software (DEM), if tuner softmute is activated. 4.1.3 Quality detection and ISS Fieldstrength Parallel to mixer2 input a 10.7MHz limiter generates a signal for digital IF counter and a fieldstrength output signal. This internal unweighted fieldstrength is used for keying AGC, adjacent channel and multipath detection and is available at PIN22 (FSU) after +6dB buffer stage. It is possible to combinate the IF counter result with this FSU via programmable comparator (SSTH). The behaviour of FSU signal can be corrected for DC offset (SL) and slope (SMSL). The generated unweighted fieldstrength is externally filtered and used for softmute function and generation of ISS filter switching signal for weak input level (sm). Adjacent channel detector The input of the adjacent channel detector is AC coupled from internal unweighted fieldstrength. A programmable highpass or bandpass (ACF) and amplifier (ACG) as well as rectifier determines the influences. This voltage is compared with adjustable comparator1 thresholds (ACWTH, ACNTH). The output signal of this comparator generates a DC level at PIN27 by programmable time constant. Time control (TISS) for a present adjacent channel 24/75 TDA7540B Functional description is made by charge and discharge current after comparator1 in an external capacitance. The charge current is fixed and the discharge current is controlled by I2C Bus. This level produces digital signals (ac, ac+) in an additional comparator4. The adjacent channel information is available as analog output signal after rectifier and +8dB output buffer. Multipath detector The input of the multipath detector is AC coupled from internal unweighted fieldstrength. A programmable bandpass (MPF) and amplifier (MPG) as well as rectifier determines the influences. This voltage is compared with an adjustable comparator2 thresholds (MPTH). The output signal of this comparator2 is used for the "Milano" effect. In this case the adjacent channel detection is switched off. The "Milano" effect is selectable by I2C Bus (MPOFF). The multipath information is available as analog output signal after rectifier and +8dB output buffer. 450kHz IF narrow bandpass filter (ISS filter) The device gets an additional 450KHz IF narrow bandpass filter for suppression of noise and adjacent channel signal influences. This narrow filter has three switchable bandwidthes, narrow range of 80kHz, mid range of 120kHz and 30KHz for weather band information. Without ISS filter the IF bandwidth (wide range) is defined only by ceramic filter chain. The filter is located between mixer2 and 450kHz limiter stage. The centre frequency is matched to the demodulator center frequency. Deviation detector In order to avoid distortion in audio output signal the narrow ISS filter is switched OFF for present overdeviation. Hence the demodulator output signal is detected. A lowpass filtering and peak rectifier generates a signal that is defined by software controlled current (TDEV) in an external capacitance. This value is compared with a programmable comparator3 thresholds (DWTH, DTH) and generates two digital signals (dev, dev+). For weak signal condition deviation threshold is dependent on FSWO. ISS switch logic All digital signals coming from adjacent channel detector, deviation detector and softmute are acting via switching matrix on ISS filter switch. The IF bandpass switch mode is controlled by software (ISSON, ISS30, ISS80, CTLOFF). The switch ON of the IF bandpass is also available by external manipulation of voltage at PIN27. Two application modes are available (APPM). The conditions are described in table 51. 4.1.4 Soft mute control The filtered fieldstrength (FSWO) signal is the reference for mute control. The startpoint and mute depth are programmable (SMTH, SMD) in a wide range. The time constant is defined by external capacitance. Additional adjacent channel mute function is supported. A highpass filter with -3dB threshold frequency of 100kHz, amplifier and peak rectifier generates an adjacent noise signal from MPX output with the same time constant for softmute. This value is compared with comparator5 thresholds (ACM). For present strong adjacent channel the MPX signal is additional attenuated (ACMD). 25/75 Functional description TDA7540B 4.2 AM section The up/down conversion is combined with gain control circuit sensing three input signals, narrow band information at PIN 54, upconversion signal (IF2AGC) at PIN 71and wide band information (RFAGC) at PIN 4.This gain control gives two output signals. The first one is a current for pin diode attenuator and the second one is a voltage for preamplifier. Time constant of RF- and IF-AGC is defined by internal 100k resistor and external capacitor at PIN 67. The intervention points for AGC (DAGC,WAGC) are programmable by software. In order to avoid a misbehaviour of AGC intervention point it is important to know that the DAGC threshold has to be lower than WAGC threshold ! The oscillator frequency for upconversion-mixer1 is generated by dividing the VCO frequency after VCO divider (VCOD) and AM predivider(AMD). Two 10,7MHz ceramic filters before mixer2 input increases 900KHz attenuation.In mixer2 the IF1 is down converted into the IF2 450kHz. After filtering by ceramic filter a 450kHz amplifier is included with an additional gain control of IF2 below DAGC threshold. Time constant is defined by capacitance at PIN 78. Mixer1 and mixer2 tanks are software controlled adjustable (IF1T, IF2T). The demodulator is a peak detector to generate the audio output signal. A separate output is available for AMIF stereo (AMST). AM IF noise blanker In order to remove in AM short spikes a noise cancellation conception is used in 450KHz IF AM level. The advantage is to avoid long narrow AGC- and demodulator- time constants, wich enlarge spike influences on audio signal and makes difficult to remove it in audio path. The 10,7MHz AM IF signal generates before 10,7 MHz ceramic filter via limitation an unweighted fieldstrenght signal including slope of noise spike. The comparison of these detected slope between fast and slow rectifier ignores audio modulation whereby the threshold of slow rectifier is programmable (AINBT). A comparator activates a pulse generator. The duration of this pulse is software programmable (AINT) and is smooth blanking out the spikes in 450KHz AM mixer2. Additionally this funtionality is controlled by narrow AM fieldstrenght (AINBD). 4.3 4.3.1 Stereodecoder Decoder The stereo decoder-part of the TDA7540 (see Fig. 14) contains all functions necessary to demodulate the MPX-signal like pilot tone-dependent MONO/STEREO-switching as well as "stereoblend" and "highcut". Adaptations like programmable input gain, roll-off compensation, selectable deemphasis time constant and a programmable field strength input allow easy adaption to different applications. The 4.th order input filter has a corner frequency of 80kHz and is used to attenuate spikes and noise and acts as an anti-aliasing filter for the following switch capacitor filters. 26/75 TDA7540B Functional description Demodulator In the demodulator block the left and the right channel are separated from the MPX-signal. In this stage also the 19-kHz pilot tone is canceled. For reaching a high channel separation the TDA7540 offers an I2C-bus programmable roll-off adjustment, which is able to compensate the low pass behavior of the tuner section. Within the compensation range an adjustment to obtain at least 40dB channel separation is possible. The bits for this adjustment are located together with the level gain adjustment in one byte. This gives the possibility to perform an optimization step during the production of the car radio where the channel separation and the field strength control are trimmed. In addition to that the FM signal can be inverted. Deemphasis and Highcut The deemphasis low pass allows to choose between a time constant of 50s/ 75s (DEEMP) and 25s/37.5s (DESFT). The highcut control range will be in both cases HC = 2xDeemp. Inside the highcut control range (between VHCH and VHCL) the LEVEL signal is converted into a 5-bit word, which controls the low pass time constant between Deemp...3xDeemp. Thereby the resolution will remain always 5 bits independently of the absolute voltage range between the VHCH- and VHCL-values. The highcut function can be switched off by I2C-bus . In AM mode (AMON = 1) the bits DEEMP and DESFT together with the AM corner frequency bits (AMCF1...5) can be used as programmable AM frequency response. The maximum corner frequency is defined by Deemp , the minimum is defined by 3xDeemp 19kHz PLL and pilot tone detector The PLL has the task to lock on the 19kHz pilot tone during a stereo-transmission to allow a correct demodulation. The included pilot tone-detector enables the demodulation if the pilot tone reaches the selected pilot tone threshold VPTHST. Two different thresholds are available. By reading the status byte of the TDA7540 via I2C-bus the detector output can be checked. Field Strength Control The field strength input is used to control the highcut- and the stereoblend-function. In addition the signal can be also used to control the noise blanker thresholds and as input for the multipath detector. LEVEL-Input and -Gain As level input for the stereo decoder is used the FSU voltage (pin22). Appling a capacitor at FSTC (pin33) a desired time constant can by reached together with the internal resistor of 10k between FSU pin and FSTC pin. In addition to that the LEVEL signal is low pass filtered internally in order to suppress undesired high frequency modulation on the highcut- and stereoblend-function . The filter is a combination of a 1.st-order RC-low pass at 53kHz (working as anti-aliasing filter) and a 1.st-order switched capacitor low pass at 2.2kHz. The second stage is a programmable gain stage to adapt the LEVEL signal internally . The gain is widely programmable in 8 steps from 0dB to 4,7dB (step=0.67dB). These 3bits are located together with the Roll-Off bits in the "Stereo decoder 8"-byte to simplify a possible adaptation during the production of the car radio. 27/75 Functional description TDA7540B Stereoblend control The stereoblend control block converts the internal LEVEL-voltage into a demodulator compatible analog signal, which is used to control the channel separation between 0dB and the maximum separation. Internally this control range has a fixed upper limit, which is the internal reference voltage VREF1. The lower limit can be programmed between 29 and 58% of VREF1 in 4% steps (see fig.6). To adjust the external LEVEL-voltage to the internal range two values must be defined: the LEVEL gain LG and VSBL. To adjust the voltage where the full channel separation is reached (VST) the LEVEL gain LG has to be defined. The following equation can be used to estimate the gain: LG = VREF1/FSU@full stereo The MONO-voltage VMO (0dB channel separation) can be chosen selecting VSBL. Figure 6. Relation between internal and external level-voltagees and setup of stereoblend The stereo blend function can be switched ON/OFF using bit Addr25 Highcut control The highcut control set-up is similar to the stereoblend control set-up: the starting point VHCH can be set with 2 bits to be 42, 50, 58 or 66% of VREF1 whereas the range can be set to be 11, 18.3, 25.7 or 33% of VHCH (see fig. 7). 28/75 TDA7540B Figure 7. Highcut characteristics Functional description Low pass tm e const i ant 3 * D eem p tD eem p VH C L VH CH Fi dst engt el r h 4.3.2 Functional description of the noise blanker In the automotive environment spikes produced by the ignition or for example the wipermotor disturb the MPX-signal. The aim of the noise blanker part is to cancel the audible influence of the spikes. Therefore the output of the stereo decoder is held at the actual voltage for a time between 22s and 38s (programmable). The block diagram of the noise blanker is given in fig.15. In a first stage the spikes must be detected but to avoid a wrong triggering on high frequency (white) noise a complex trigger control is implemented. Behind the trigger stage a pulse former generates the "blanking"-pulse. An own biasing circuit supplies the noise blanker in order to avoid any cross talk to the signal path. Trigger path The incoming MPX signal is high pass filtered, amplified and rectified. This second order high pass filter has a corner-frequency of 140kHz. The rectified signal, RECT, is low pass filtered to generate a signal called PEAK. Also noise with a frequency 140kHz increases the PEAK voltage. The resulting voltage can be adjusted by use of the noise rectifier discharge current. The PEAK voltage is fed to a threshold generator, which adds to the PEAK-voltage a DC-dependent threshold VTH. Both signals, RECT and PEAK+VTH are fed to a comparator, which triggers a re-triggerable monoflop. The monoflop's output activates the sample-and-hold circuits in the signal path for the selected duration. Automatic noise controlled threshold adjustment (see Figure 3) There are mainly two independent possibilities for programming the trigger threshold: 1. the low threshold in 8 steps (NBLTH) 2. and the noise adjusted threshold in 4 steps (NBCTH). The low threshold is active in combination with a good MPX signal without any noise; the PEAK voltage is less than 1V. The sensitivity in this operation is high. If the MPX signal is noisy (low fieldstrength) the PEAK voltage increases due to the higher noise, which is also rectified. With increasing of the PEAK voltage the trigger threshold increases, too. This particular gain is programmable in 4 steps (NBCTH). 29/75 Functional description TDA7540B Automatic threshold control by the stereoblend voltage (see Figure 5) Besides the noise controlled threshold adjustment there is an additional possibility for influencing the noise blanker trigger threshold using the bits NBFS. This influence depends on the stereoblend control. The point where the MPX signal starts to become noisy is fixed by the RF part. This point is also the starting point of the normal noise-controlled trigger adjustment. But in some cases the noise blanker can create a wrong triggering, which create distortion, already in the region of mono/stereo transition. Therefore a opportunity to control the PEAK voltage by the stereo blend function it is implemented. Over deviation detector (see Figure 4) If the system is tuned to stations with a high deviation the noise blanker can trigger on the higher frequencies of the modulation. To avoid this wrong behavior, which causes noise in the output signal, the noise blanker offers a deviation-dependent threshold adjustment. By rectifying the MPX signal a further signal representing the actual deviation is obtained. It is used to increase the PEAK voltage. Offset and gain of this circuit are programmable in 3 steps (NBDTH) of the stereo decoder-byte (the first step turns off the detector). Multipath-level To react on high repetitive spikes caused by a Multipath-situation, the discharge-time of the PEAK voltage can be decreased depending on the voltage-level at Pin MPout. There are two ways to do this. One way is to switch on the linear influence of the Multipath-Level on the PEAK-signal . In this case the discharge slew rate is 1V/ms(a). The second possibility is to activate a function, which switches to the 18k discharge if the Multipath-Level is below 2.5V. AM mode of noise blanker The TDA7540 offers an AM audio noise blanker too. If the AM noise blanker is used the AM audio delay filter must be switched on. It is not recommented to use the AM noise blanker without to use the AMIF noiseblanker inside the tuner. Together with the IF AM moise blanker, this audio noise blanking can work in two different modes. Mode 1 uses the same threshold controls like in FM mode. The detector uses in AM mode the audio input for spike detection. A combination of programmable gain stage and low pass filtering forms an envelope detector wich drives the noise blanker input via 10/20KHz, 1st/2nd order high pass filter. In mode 2 only a fixed noise blanker threshold is used. In order to blank the whole spike in AM mode the hold time of the S&H circuit is much longer than in FM mode (640s -1,2ms) 4.3.3 Functional description of the multipath-detector Using the internal Multipath-Detector the audible effects of a multipath condition can be minimized. A multipath-condition is detected by rectifying the 19kHz spectrum in the fieldstrength signal. An external capacitor is used to define the attack- and decay-times (see a. The slew rate is measured with RDischarge=infinite and VMPout=2.5V 30/75 TDA7540B Functional description block diagram, fig. 16). The MP_OUT-pin is used as detector-output connected to a capacitor of about 47nF. Using this configuration an external adaptation to the user's requirement is possible without affecting the "normal" fieldstrength input (LEVEL) for the stereo decoder. To keep the old value of the Multipath Detector during an AF-jump, the MP-Hold switch can disconnect the external capacitor. This switch is controlled directly by the AFS-Pin. Selecting MPION the channel separation is automatically reduced during a multipath condition according to the voltage appearing at the MP_OUT-pin. Programming To obtain a good multipath performance an adaptation is necessary. Therefore the gain of the first 19kHz-bandpass is programmable in two steps (MPG), the gain of the second 19kHz-bandpass is programmable in four steps (MPBPG) and the rectifier gain is programmable in four steps(MPRG). Please note that the frequency of the first multipath bandpass (MPF) must be set to 19kHz! The attack- and decay-times can be set by the external capacitor value and the multipath detector charge current MPCC. 4.3.4 Quality detector The TDA7540 offers a quality detector output, which gives a voltage representing the FMreception conditions. To calculate this voltage the MPX-noise and the multipath-detector output are summed according to the following formula: VQual = 0.8b (VNoise-0.8 V)+ a (VREF1-VMpout). The noise-signal is the PEAK-signal without additional influences (see noise blanker description). The factor 'a' can be programmed from 0.6 to 1.05(QDC) and the factor b can be programmed from 6dB to 15dB ( QNG). The output is a low impedance output able to drive external circuitry as well as simply fed to an AD-converter for RDS applications. 4.3.5 AFS control and stereo decoder mute The TDA7540 is supplied with several functionality to support AF-checks using the stereo decoder. The additional pin (AFS) is implemented in order to speed up the stereo decoder AF-functions compared to IIC controlling. The block diagramm of AFS function is shown in Figure 17. In order to separate the different functions of the AFS pin, two different logic thresholds are implemented. Below the higher threshold voltage (2.4V) only the multipath-detector is switched into small time constant (internal logical signal MPfast). Below the lower threshold voltage (0.8V) the full AFS function is activated. The MPXIN pin is switched into high impedance mode (internal signal AFSMute), which avoids any clicks during the jump condition. If the stereo decoder is not muted, it is possible at the same time to evaluate the noise- and multipath-content of the alternate frequency using the Quality detector output. Furthermore the AFS pin does also freeze the condition of pilot locking and magnitude (internal signal PDhold). The Pdhold signal is defined by Vth1 or Vth2, dependent on the PDH signal. 31/75 Functional description TDA7540B 4.4 4.4.1 PLL and if counter section PLL frequency synthesizer block This part contains a frequency synthesizer and a loop filter for the radio tuning system. Only one VCO is required to build a complete PLL system for FM world tuning and AM upconversion (see Figure 9). For auto search stop operation an IF counter system is available. The PLL counter works in a two stages configuration. The first stage is a swallow counter with a two modulus (32/33) precounter. The second stage is an 11-bit programmable counter. The circuit receives the scaling factors for the programmable counters and the values of the reference frequencies via an I2C-Bus interface.The reference frequency is generated by an adjustable internal (XTAL) oscillator followed by the reference divider. The main reference and step-frequencies are free selectable (RC, PC). Output signals of the phase detector are switching the programmable current sources. The loop filter integrates their currents to a DC voltage. The values of the current sources are programmable by 6 bits also received via the I2C Bus (A, B, CURRH, LPF). To minimize the noise induced by the digital part of the system, a special guard configuration is implemented. The loop gain can be set for different conditions by setting the current values of the chargepump generator. Frequency generation for phase comparison The RF signals applies a two modulus counter (32/33) pre-scaler, which is controlled by a 5bit A-divider. The 5-bit register (PC0 to PC4) controls this divider. In parallel the output of the prescaler connects to an 11-bit B-divider. The 11-bit PC register (PC5 to PC15) controls this divider Dividing range behind VCO divider: fVCOdiv = [33 x A + (B + 1 - A) x 32] x fREF fVCOdiv = (32 x B + A + 32) x fREF Important: For correct operation: A 32; B A Three state phase comparator The phase comparator generates a phase error signal according to phase difference between fSYN and fREF. This phase error signal drives the charge pump current generator. Charge pump current generator This system generators signed pulses of current. The phase error signal decides the duration and polarity of those pulses. The current absolute values are programmable by A register for high current and B register for low current. 32/75 TDA7540B Functional description Inlock detector Switching the chargepump in low current mode can be done either via software or automatically by the inlock detector, by setting bit LDENA to "1". After reaching a phase difference about lower than 40nsec the chargepump is forced in low current mode. A new PLL divider alternation by I2C-Bus will switch the chargepump in the high current mode. Low noise CMOS op-amp An internal voltage divider at pin VREF2 connects the positive input of the low noise opamp. The charge pump output connects the negative input. This internal amplifier in cooperation with external components can provide an active filter. The negative input is switchable to three input pins, to increase the flexibility in application. This feature allows two separate active filters for different applications. While the high current mode is activated LPHC output is switched on. 4.4.2 IF counter block The aim of IF counter is to measure the intermediate frequency of the tuner for AM and FM mode. The input signal for FM and AM upconversion is the same 10.7MHz IF level after limiter. AM 450KHz signal is coming from narrow filtered IF2 before demodulation. A switch controlled by IF counter mode (IFCM) is choosing the input signal for IF counter. The grade of integration is adjustable by eight different measuring cycle times. The tolerance of the accepted count value is adjustable, to reach an optimum compromise for search speed and precision of the evaluation. The IF-counter mode The IF counter works in 3 modes controlled by IFCM register. Sampling timer A sampling timer generates the gate signal for the main counter. The basically sampling time are in FM mode 6.25kHz (tTIM=160s) and in AM mode 1kHz (tTIM=1ms). This is followed by an asynchronous divider to generate several sampling times. Intermediate frequency main counter This counter is a 11 - 21-bit synchronous autoreload down counter. Five bits (CF) are programmable to have the possibility for an adjust to the centre frequency of the IF-filter. The counter length is automatic adjusted to the chosen sampling time and the counter mode (FM, AM-UPC, AM). At the start the counter will be loaded with a defined value which is an equivalent to the divider value (tSample x fIF). If a correct frequency is applied to the IF counter frequency input at the end of the sampling time the main counter is changing its state from 0h to 1FFFFFh. 33/75 Functional description TDA7540B This is detected by a control logic and an external search stop output is changing from LOW to HIGH. The frequency range inside which a successful count result is adjustable by the EW bits. tCNT = (CF + 1696+1) / fIF FM mode tCNT = (CF + 10688+1) / fIF AM up conversion mode tCNT = (CF + 488+1) / fIF AM mode Counter result succeeded: tTIM tCNT - tERR tTIM tCNT + tERR Counter result failed: tTIM > tCNT + tERR tTIM < tCNT - tERR tTIM = IF timer cycle time (sampling time) tCNT = IF counter cycle time tERR = discrimination window (controlled by the EW registers) The IF counter is only started by inlock information from the PLL part. It is enabled by software (IFENA). Adjustment of the measurement sequence time The precision of the measurements is adjustable by controlling the discrimination window. This is adjustable by programming the control registers EW. The measurement time per cycle is adjustable by setting the registers IFS. Adjust of the Frequency Value The center frequency of the discrimination window is adjustable by the control registers CF. 4.5 I2C-Bus interface The TDA7540 supports the I2C-Bus protocol. This protocol defines any device that sends data onto the bus as a transmitter, and the receiving device as the receiver. The device that controls the transfer is a master and device being controlled is the slave. The master will always initiate data transfer and provide the clock to transmit or receive operations. 4.5.1 Data transition Data transition on the SDA line must only occur when the clock SCL is LOW. SDA transitions while SCL is HIGH will be interpreted as START or STOP condition. 4.5.2 Start condition A start condition is defined by a HIGH to LOW transition of the SDA line while SCL is at a stable HIGH level. This "START" condition must precede any command and initiate a data transfer onto the bus. The device continuously monitors the SDA and SCL lines for a valid START and will not response to any command if this condition has not been met. 34/75 TDA7540B Functional description 4.5.3 Stop condition A STOP condition is defined by a LOW to HIGH transition of the SDA while the SCL line is at a stable HIGH level. This condition terminates the communication between the devices and forces the bus-interface of the device into the initial condition. 4.5.4 Acknowledge Indicates a successful data transfer. The transmitter will release the bus after sending 8 bits of data. During the 9th clock cycle the receiver will pull the SDA line to LOW level to indicate it receive the eight bits of data. 4.5.5 Data transfer During data transfer the device samples the SDA line on the leading edge of the SCL clock. Therefore, for proper device operation the SDA line must be stable during the SCL LOW to HIGH transition. 4.5.6 Device addressing To start the communication between two devices, the bus master must initiate a start instruction sequence, followed by an eight bit word corresponding to the address of the device it is addressing. The most significant 6 bits of the slave address are the device type identifier. The TDA7540 device type is fixed as "110001". The next significant bit is used to address a particular device of the previous defined type connected to the bus. The state of the hardwired PIN 59 defines the state of this address bit. So up to two devices could be connected on the same bus. When PIN 59 is connected to VCC2 and a resistor at PIN 55 versus ground of about 5,6k Ohm the address bit "1" is selected. In this case the AM part doesn't work. Otherwise the address bit "0" is selected (FM and AM is working). Therefor a double FM tuner concept is possible. The last bit of the start instruction defines the type of operation to be performed: - - When set to "1", a read operation is selected When set to "0", a write operation is selected The TDA7540 connected to the bus will compare their own hardwired address with the slave address being transmitted, after detecting a START condition. After this comparison, the TDA7540 will generate an "acknowledge" on the SDA line and will do either a read or a write operation according to the state of R/W bit. 4.5.7 Write operation Following a START condition the master sends a slave address word with the R/W bit set to "0". The device will generate an "acknowledge" after this first transmission and will wait for a second word (the word address field). This 8-bit address field provides an access to any of the 64 internal addresses. Upon receipt of the word address the TDA7540 slave device will respond with an "acknowledge". At this time, all the following words transmitted to the TDA7540 will be considered as Data. The internal address will be automatically incremented up to hex40 in 35/75 Functional description TDA7540B page mode. Than again subaddresse hex60 has to be transmitted for following registers above 32. After each word receipt the TDA7540 will answer with an "acknowledge". 4.5.8 Read operation If the master sends a slave address word with the R/W bit set to "1", the TDA7540 will transit one 8-bit data word. This data word includes the following informations: bit0 (ISS filter, 1 = ON, 0 = OFF) bit1 (ISS filter bandwidth, 1 = 80kHz, 0 = 120kHz) bit2 (STEREO,1 = STEREO, 0 = MONO) bit3 (1 = PLL is locked in , 0 = PLL is locked out). bit4 (fieldstrength indicator, 1 = lower as softmute threshold, 0 = higher as softmute threshold) bit5 (adjacent channel indicator, 1 = adjacent channel present, 0 = no adjacent channel) bit6 (deviation indicator, 1 = strong overdeviation present, 0 = no strong overdeviation) bit7 (deviation indicator, 1 = overdeviation present, 0 = no overdeviation) 36/75 TDA7540B Software specification 5 Software specification The interface protocol comprises: - - - - - start condition (S) chip address byte subaddress byte sequence of data (N bytes + Acknowledge) stop condition (P) The pagermode is only working up to byte 31. After byte 31 it is need to send again the chip address followed by the subaddress 32 and the databytes starting from 32 up to 39! 5.1 Table 9. Function Address organization Address organization Addr 0 1 7 FMSEEK PC7 PC15 TV1O7 TV2O7 LDENA EW2 LM TISS2 ACNTH1 MPAC BWCTL 6 CURRH PC6 PC14 TV1O6 TV2O6 CASF EW1 TVMODE TISS1 5 B1 PC5 PC13 TV1O5 TV2O5 IFCM1 EW0 TV2WB TISS0 4 B0 PC4 PC12 TV1O4 TV2O4 IFCM0 CF4 TV1WB --3 A3 PC3 PC11 TV1O3 TV2O3 IFENA CF3 AMD1 ISS30 2 A2 PC2 PC10 TV1O2 TV2O2 IFS2 CF2 AMD0 ISS80 ACG MPG TDEV2 1 A1 PC1 PC9 TV1O1 TV2O1 IFS1 CF1 AMST ISSON ACF MPF TDEV1 0 A0 PC0 PC8 TV1O0 TV2O0 IFS0 CF0 AMSEEK CTLOFF --MPOFF TDEV0 CHARGEPUMP PLL COUNTER 2 TV1 TV2 IFC CTRL 1 IFC CTRL 2 AM CTL QUALITYISS QUALITY AC QUALITY MP QUALITYDEV 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 ACNTH0 ACWTH2 ACWTH1 ACWTH0 APPM2 DTH1 APPM1 DTH0 MPTH1 DWTH1 MPTH0 DWTH0 37/75 Software specification Table 9. Function MUTE1 MUTE2 VCO/PLLREF FMAGC AMAGC DEM ADJ LEVEL IF1/XTAL TANK ADJ I/Q ADJ AMIFNB SCTRL STD1 STD2 STD3 STD4 STD5 STD6 STD7 STD8 STD9 TESTTU1 TESTTU2 TESTTU3 TESTTU4 TESTTU5 TESTSTD FMDEMSB TDA7540B Address organization (continued) Addr 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 7 MENA F100K LPF RFKAGC DAGC3 DNB1 ODSW XTAL4 IF1T3 SMO1 AINT1 SSTH3 STVCO1 STING1 NBDTH1 NBSMP MPPC MPRG1 AMAF AMNBD AMCF4 OUT20 OUT7 --OUT19 TIN2 --VCOM 6 SMD3 ACM3 AMON KAGC2 DAGC2 DNB0 ODCUR XTAL3 IF1T2 SMO0 AINT0 SSTH2 STVCO0 STING0 NBDTH0 VHCL1 QDC1 MPRG0 LG2 5 SMD2 ACM2 RC2 KAGC1 DAGC1 DEM5 SMSL XTAL2 IF1T1 --AINBD1 SSTH1 NBT1 DEEMP NBON VHCL0 QDC0 MPCC LG1 4 SMD1 ACM1 RC1 KAGC0 DAGC0 DEM4 SL4 XTAL1 IF1T0 --AINBD0 SSTH0 NBT0 PTH NBCTH1 VHCH1 NBFS1 MPION LG0 PDH AMCF1 TIN1 OUT4 TINAC OUT16 OUT25 3 SMD0 ACM0 RC0 IFAGC1 WAGC3 DEM3 SL3 XTAL0 IF2T3 PH3 AINBT3 S2MODE SI NBPC NBCTH0 VHCH0 NBFS0 2 SMTH2 ACMD1 VCOD2 IFAGC0 WAGC2 DEM2 SL2 IFG11 IF2T2 PH2 AINBT2 S2 TFCKL MS NBLTH2 1 SMTH1 ACMD0 VCOD1 RFAGC1 WAGC1 DEM1 SL1 IFG10 IF2T1 PH1 AINBT1 S1MODE NBFT STDON NBLTH1 0 SMTH0 SMCTH VCOD0 RFAGC0 WAGC0 DEM0 SL0 XTLIM IF2T0 PH0 AINBT0 S1 TSMA STDM NBLTH0 HCON SBC0 NBRR0 ROC0 QNG0 --TEST1 OUT0 OUT8 OUT12 OUT21 TST SBT MAXHC1 MAXHC0 SBC2 SBC1 NBRR1 ROC1 QNG1 --TEST2 OUT1 OUT9 OUT13 OUT22 --SBW MPBPG1 MPBPG0 ROC3 AFSM AMCF0 CLKSEP OUT3 OUT11 OUT15 OUT24 ROC2 AFSON DESFT TEST3 OUT2 OUT10 OUT14 OUT23 AMNBFO AMNBHP AMCF3 ISSIN OUT6 TINACM OUT18 OUT27 --PCM AMCF2 TOUT OUT5 TINMP OUT17 OUT26 MUXST3 MUXST2 MUXST1 MUXST0 --SBSH SBA SBTO 38/75 TDA7540B Software specification 5.2 Control register function Table 10. Control register function Function Charge pump high current Adjacent channel filter select Adjacent channel filter gain Threshold for startpoint adjacent channel mute Adjacent channel mute depth Adjacent channel narrow band threshold Adjacent channel wide band threshold AFS influence on stereodecoder mute AFS Pin enable AM IF noise blanker desensitivity AM IF noise blanker threshold AM IF noise blanking time AM audio filter AM prescaler AM corner frequency AM IF1 input select AM audio delay for noise blanking AM audio noise blanker high pass filter order AM audio noise blanker high pass filter frequency AM-FM switch Set short time constant of AGC in AM seek mode AM stereo select Application mode quality detection Charge pump low current ISS filter fixed bandwith (ISS80) in automatic control Check alternative station frequency Center frequency IF counter Clock separation (only for testing) Switch off automatic control of ISS filter Set current high charge pump AM narrow band AGC threshold Stereodecoder deemphasis Demodulator offset Register Name A ACF ACG ACM ACMD ACNTH ACWTH AFSM AFSON AINBD AINBT AINT AMAF AMD AMCF AMIN AMNBD AMNBFO AMNBHP AMON AMSEEK AMST APPM B BWCTL CASF CF CLKSEP CTLOFF CURRH DAGC DEEMP DEM 39/75 Software specification Table 10. Control register function (continued) Function Stereodecoder deemphasis shift Demodulator spike blanking threshold Deviation detector threshold for ISS filter "OFF" Deviation detector threshold for ISS filter narrow/wide Frequency error window IF counter Corner frequency of AC-mute high pass filter ISS time constant change in FM seek mode High cut enable FM/AM mixer1 tank adjust AM mixer2 tank adjust FM IF AGC IF counter mode IF counter enable IF1 amplifier gain (10.7MHz) IF counter sampling time Test input for ISS filter ISS filter "ON" ISS filter 30KHz weather band ISS filter narrow/mid switch FM keying AGC Lock detector enable Level gain adjust in stereodecoder Local mode FM seek stop Loop filter input select Maximum high cut Softmute enable Adjacent channel control by multipath Multipath detector charge current Multipath detector bandpass filter gain Multipath filter frequency Multipath filter gain Multipath internal influence enable Multipath control "OFF" Multipath influence on peak discharge current Multipath detector rectifier gain TDA7540B Register Name DESFT DNB DTH DWTH EW F100K FMSEEK HCON IF1T IF2T IFAGC IFCM IFENA IFG IFS ISSIN ISSON ISS30 ISS80 KAGC LDENA LG LM LPF MAXHC MENA MPAC MPCC MPBPG MPF MPG MPION MPOFF MPPC MPRG 40/75 TDA7540B Table 10. Control register function (continued) Function Multipath threshold Mono/Stereo switch automatically Test multiplexer output stereodecoder Noise blanker noise controlled threshold Noise blanker deviation controlled threshold Field strength controlled noise blanker AM noise blanker fixed threshold Noise blanker low threshold Noise blanker enable Noise blanker peak charge current Noise blanker rectifier discharge resistor Strong multipath influence on noise blanker on/off Noise blanker time Current for overdeviation-correction Overdeviation-correction enable Test output (only for testing) Counter for PLL (VCO frequency) Pilot cancellation mode PD hold activation I/Q mixer phase adjust Pilot threshold Quality detector coefficient Quality noise gain Reference counter PLL FM RF AGC FM RF keying AGC Roll-Off compensation Two mode switching output enable FM demodulator spike blanker attack mode Stereoblend control FM demodulator spike blanker sample&hold mode FM demodulator spike blanker test mode FM demodulator spike blanker toggle mode FM demodulator spike blanker window mode Signal invertion Software specification Register Name MPTH MS MUXST NBCTH NBDTH NBFS NBFT NBLTH NBON NBPC NBRR NBSMP NBT ODCUR ODSW OUT PC PCM PDH PH PTH QDC QNG RC RFAGC RFKAGC ROC S SBA SBC SBSH SBT SBTO SBW SI 41/75 Software specification Table 10. Control register function (continued) Function S meter slider Two mode switching output Softmute capacitor threshold for ISS "ON" Softmute depth threshold Softmute reference voltage offset S meter slope Softmute startpoint threshold Unweighted fieldstrenght threshold for seek stop Stereodecoder on/off if muted Stereodecoder mute enable Stereodecoder ingain Stereodecoder VCO adjust Time constant for deviation detector Testing PLL/IFC (only for testing) Fast clock for testing audioprocessor Switch FSU PIN to TEST input (only for testing) Test input adjacent channel (only for testing) Test input adjacent channel mute (only for testing) Test input multipath(only for testing) Time constant for ISS filter "ON"/"OFF" Test mode stereodecoder and audioprocessor Switch FSU PIN to Test output (only for testing) Test stereodecoder enable Tuning voltage offset mode Tuning voltage offset for prestage Tuning voltage offset for prestage (weather band mode) VCO divider Stereodecoder VCO mode Start level high cut Stop level high cut AM wide band AGC Xtal frequency adjust Xtal amplitude limitation TDA7540B Register Name SL SMODE SMCTH SMD SMO SMSL SMTH SSTH STDON STDM STING STVCO TDEV TEST TFCKL TIN TINAC TINACM TINMP TISS TMSA TOUT TST TVMODE TVO TVWB VCOD VCOM VHCH VHCL WAGC XTAL XTLIM 42/75 TDA7540B Table 11. MSB I A5 0 1 1 0 1 A4 0 0 0 A3 0 0 0 A2 0 0 1 A1 0 0 1 Software specification Subaddress LSB Function A0 0 0 1 Charge pump control STD9 FMDEMSB Page mode "OFF" Page mode enable 5.2.1 Table 12. MSB d7 d6 Data Byte Specification Addr 0 Charge Pump Control LSB Function d5 d4 d3 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 d2 0 0 0 0 1 d1 0 0 1 1 1 d0 0 1 0 1 1 High current = 0mA High current = 0.5mA High current = 1mA High current = 1.5mA High current = 7.5mA Low current = 0A Low current = 50A Low current = 100A Low current = 150A Select low current Select high current ISS time constant at PIN 27 available, FMSEEK "OFF" ISS time constant at PIN 28 available, FMSEEK "ON" 0 1 Table 13. MSB d7 0 0 0 d6 0 0 0 Addr 1 PLL Counter 1 (LSB) LSB Function d5 0 0 0 d4 0 0 0 d3 0 0 0 d2 0 0 0 d1 0 0 1 d0 0 1 0 LSB = 0 LSB = 1 LSB = 2 43/75 Software specification Table 13. MSB d7 1 1 1 1 d6 1 1 1 1 d5 1 1 1 1 d4 1 1 1 1 d3 1 1 1 1 d2 1 1 1 1 d1 0 0 1 1 TDA7540B Addr 1 PLL Counter 1 (LSB) (continued) LSB Function d0 0 1 0 1 LSB = 252 LSB = 253 LSB = 254 LSB = 255 Table 14. MSB d7 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 d6 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 Addr 2 PLL Counter 2 (MSB) LSB Function d5 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 d4 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 d3 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 d2 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 d1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 d0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 MSB = 0 MSB = 256 MSB = 512 MSB = 64768 MSB = 65024 MSB = 65280 MSB = 65536 Swallow mode: fVCO/fSYN = LSB + MSB + 32 Table 15. MSB d7 d6 0 0 0 1 0 1 Addr 3,4 TV1,2 LSB Function d5 0 0 0 1 d4 0 0 0 1 d3 0 0 0 1 d2 0 0 0 1 d1 0 0 1 1 d0 0 1 0 1 Tuning Voltage Offset = 0 TVO = 25mV TVO = 50mV TVO = 3175mV -TVO +TVO 44/75 TDA7540B Table 16. MSB d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 d1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 Software specification Addr 5 IF Counter Control 1 LSB Function d0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 tSample = 20.48ms (FM)128ms (AM ) tSample = 10.24ms (FM)64ms (AM ) tSample = 5.12ms (FM)32ms (AM ) tSample = 2.56ms (FM)16ms (AM ) tSample = 1.28ms (FM)8ms (AM ) tSample = 640s (FM)4ms (AM ) tSample = 320s (FM)2ms (AM) tSample = 160s (FM)1ms (AM ) IF counter disable / stand by IF counter enable Not valid IF counter FM mode IF counter AM mode (450KHz) IF counter AM mode (10.7MHz) Disable mute & AGC on hold in FM mode Enable mute & AGC on hold in FM mode Lock detector disable Lock detector enable Table 17. MSB d7 d6 Addr 6 IF Counter Control 2 LSB Function d5 d4 0 0 d3 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 d2 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 d1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 d0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 fCenter = 10.60625MHz (FM) / 10.689MHz ; 449KHz (AM) fCenter = 10.61250MHz (FM) / 10.690MHz ; 450KHz (AM) fCenter = 10.67500MHz (FM) / 10.700MHz ; 460KHz (AM) fCenter = 10.68125MHz (FM) / 10.701MHz ; 461KHz (AM) fCenter = 10.68750MHz (FM) / 10.702MHz ; 462KHz (AM) fCenter = 10.69375MHz (FM) / 10.703MHz ; 463KHz (AM) fCenter = 10.70000MHz (FM) / 10.704MHz ; 464KHz(AM) fCenter = 10.80000MHz (FM) / 10.720MHz ;480KHz (AM) Not valid Not valid - - - 0 0 0 0 0 - - - 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 45/75 Software specification Table 17. MSB d7 0 0 1 1 1 1 d6 1 1 0 0 1 1 d5 0 1 0 1 0 1 d4 d3 d2 d1 TDA7540B Addr 6 IF Counter Control 2 (continued) LSB Function d0 Not valid f = 6.25kHz (FM)1kHz (AM) f = 12.5kHz (FM) 2kHz (AM) f = 25kHz (FM) 4kHz (AM) f = 50kHz (FM) 8kHz (AM) f = 100kHz (FM)16kHz (AM) Table 18. MSB d7 d6 Addr 7 AM Control LSB Function d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Normal AGC time constant Short time constant for AM seek stop Multipath information available FM at PIN 24 AM stereo output available at PIN 24 Prescaler ratio 10 Prescaler ratio 8 Prescaler ratio 6 Prescaler ratio 4 Disable additional TV1, 2 offset Enable additional TV1 offset +3,175V (for weather band) Enable additional TV2 offset +3,175V (for weather band) Enable additional TV1, 2 offset +3,175V (for weather band) TV is tracking with PLL TV is independing on PLL Disable local mode Enable local mode (PIN diode current = 0.5mA) 0 1 0 1 Table 19. MSB d7 d6 Addr 8 Quality ISS Filter LSB Function d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 0 1 0 1 ISS filter control "ON" ISS filter control "OFF" Switch ISS filter "OFF" Switch ISS filter "ON" 46/75 TDA7540B Table 19. MSB d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 d1 Software specification Addr 8 Quality ISS Filter (continued) LSB Function d0 Switch "OFF" ISS filter 120kHz Switch "ON" ISS filter 80kHz Switch "OFF" ISS filter 30KHz for weatherband Switch "ON" ISS filter 30KHz for weatherband discharge current1A, charge current mid 74A narrow124A discharge current3A, charge current mid 72A narrow122A discharge current5A, charge current mid 70A narrow120A discharge current7A, charge current mid 68 narrow118A discharge current15A,charge current mid 60Anarrow110A Table 20. MSB d7 d6 Addr 9 Quality Detection Adjacent Channel LSB Function d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 0/1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 Not valid AC highpass frequency 100kHz AC bandpass frequency 100kHz AC gain 32dB AC gain 38dB AC wide band threshold 0.25V AC wide band threshold 0.35V AC wide band threshold 0.45V AC wide band threshold 0.95V AC narrow band threshold 0.0V AC narrow band threshold 0.1V AC narrow band threshold 0.2V AC narrow band threshold 0.3V 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 47/75 Software specification Table 21. MSB d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 TDA7540B Addr 10 Quality Detection Multipath LSB Function d0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 Multipath control "ON" Multipath control "OFF" MP bandpass frequency 19KHz MP bandpass frequency 31KHz MP gain 12dB MP gain 23dB MP threshold 0.50V MP threshold 0.75V MP threshold 1.00V MP threshold 1.25V Application mode 1 Application mode 2 Multipath eliminates ac Multipath eliminates ac and ac+ 0 0 0 1 0 1 Table 22. MSB d7 d6 Addr 11 Quality Deviation Detection LSB Function d5 d4 d3 d2 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 d1 0 0 1 1 1 d0 0 1 0 1 1 charge current 39A, discharge current 1A charge current 37A, discharge current 3A charge current 35A, discharge current 5A charge current 33A, discharge current 7A charge current 25A, discharge current 15A DEV threshold for ISS narrow/wide 30kHz DEV threshold for ISS narrow/wide 45kHz DEV threshold for ISS narrow/wide 60kHz DEV threshold for ISS narrow/wide 75kHz DEV threshold for ISS filter "OFF" ratio 1.5 DEV threshold for ISS filter "OFF" ratio 1.4 DEV threshold for ISS filter "OFF" ratio 1.3 DEV threshold for ISS filter "OFF" ratio 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 48/75 TDA7540B Table 22. MSB d7 0 1 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 Software specification Addr 11 Quality Deviation Detection (continued) LSB Function d0 Disable ISS filter to fixed bandwith (ISS80) in automatic control Enable ISS filter to fixed bandwith (ISS80) in automatic control Table 23. MSB d7 d6 Addr 12 Softmute Control 1 LSB Function d5 d4 d3 d2 0 0 1 d1 0 0 1 d0 0 1 1 Startpoint mute 0 in application about 3dBV antenna level Startpoint mute 1 in application about 4dBV antenna level Startpoint mute 7 in application about 10dBV antenna level Mute depth 0 in application 18dB Mute depth 1 in application 20dB Mute depth 2 in application 22dB Mute depth 3 in application 24dB - (logarithmically behaviour) Mute depth 15 in application 36dB FM mute disable, (has to be 0 in AM mode) FM mute enable 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 Table 24. MSB d7 d6 Addr 13 Softmute Control 2 LSB Function d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 Disable mute threshold for ISS filter "ON" Enable mute threshold for ISS filter "ON" AC mute depth 10dB AC mute depth 8dB AC mute depth 6dB AC mute depth 4dB AC mute threshold 60mV AC mute threshold 80mV AC mute threshold 100mV AC mute threshold 340mV 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 49/75 Software specification Table 24. MSB d7 d6 1 0 1 d5 1 d4 1 d3 1 d2 d1 TDA7540B Addr 13 Softmute Control 2 (continued) LSB Function d0 AC mute "OFF" AC mute filter 110KHz AC mute filter 100KHz Table 25. MSB d7 d6 Addr 14 VCODIV/PLLREF LSB Function d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 d0 0 1 0 1 not valid (only for testing) VCO frequency divided by 2 VCO frequency divided by 3 original VCO frequency VCO" I" signal 0 degree VCO "I" signal 180 degree PLL reference frequency 50KHz PLL reference frequency 25KHz PLL reference frequency 10KHz PLL reference frequency 9KHz PLL reference frequency 2KHz Select FM mode Select AM mode Select PLL low pass filter FM Select PLL low pass filter AM 0 1 0 1 Table 26. MSB d7 d6 Addr 15 FM AGC LSB Function d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 d0 0 1 0 1 RFAGC threshold V9-11TH= 85(77 ANT)dBV RFAGC threshold V9-11TH= 90(82 ANT)dBV RFAGC threshold V9-11TH= 94(86 ANT)dBV RFAGC threshold V9-11TH= 96(88 ANT)dBV IFAGC threshold V77TH= 86(60 ANT)dBV IFAGC threshold V77TH= 92(66 ANT)dBV IFAGC threshold V77TH= 96(70 ANT)dBV IFAGC threshold V77TH= 98(72 ANT)dBV 50/75 TDA7540B Table 26. MSB d7 d6 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 d5 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 d4 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 d3 d2 d1 Software specification Addr 15 FM AGC (continued) LSB Function d0 KAGC threshold 80dBV KAGC threshold 82dBV KAGC threshold 84dBV KAGC threshold 86dBV KAGC threshold 88dBV KAGC threshold 90dBV KAGC threshold 92dBV Keying AGC "OFF" RF KAGC"0FF" RF KAGC"0N" Table 27. MSB d7 d6 Addr 16 AM AGC LSB Function d5 d4 d3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 d2 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 d1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 d0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 WAGC V4TH= 90(65 ANT)dB V71TH= 90(60 ANT)dB WAGC V4TH= 94(69 ANT)dB V71TH= 94(64 ANT)dB WAGC V4TH= 97(72 ANT)dB V71TH= 96,5(66,5 ANT)dB WAGC V4TH= 98,5(73,5 ANT)dB V71TH= 98,5(68,5 ANT)dB WAGC V4TH= 100(75 ANT)dB V71TH= 100(70 ANT)dB WAGC V4TH= 101,5(76,5 ANT)dB V71TH= 101(71 ANT)dB WAGC V4TH= 102,5(77,5 ANT)dBV71TH= 102,5(72,5 ANT)dB WAGC V4TH= 103,5(78,5 ANT)dBV71TH= 103,5(73,5 ANT)dB WAGC V4TH= 104,5(79,5 ANT)dB V71TH= 104(74 ANT)dB WAGC V4TH= 105(80 ANT)dB V71TH= 105(75 ANT)dB WAGC V4TH= 106(81 ANT)dB V71TH= 105,5(75,5 ANT)dB WAGC V4TH= 106,5(81,5 ANT)dBV71TH= 106,5(76,5 ANT)dB WAGC V4TH= 107(82 ANT)dB V71TH= 107(77 ANT)dB WAGC V4TH= 108(83 ANT)dB V71TH= 107,5(77,5 ANT)dB WAGC V4TH= 108,5(83,5 ANT)dB V71TH= 108(78 ANT)dB WAGC V4TH= 109(84 ANT)dB V71TH= 108,5(78,5 ANT)dB DAGC V71TH= 74(44 ANTENNA)dB 0 0 0 0 51/75 Software specification Table 27. MSB d7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 d6 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 d5 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 d4 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 d3 d2 d1 TDA7540B Addr 16 AM AGC (continued) LSB Function d0 DAGC V71TH= 77(47 ANTENNA)dB DAGC V71TH= 79(49 ANTENNA)dB DAGC V71TH= 80,5(50,5 ANTENNA)dB DAGC V71TH= 82(52 ANTENNA)dB DAGC V71TH= 83,5(53,5 ANTENNA)dB DAGC V71TH= 85(55 ANTENNA)dB DAGC V71TH= 86,5(56,5 ANTENNA)dB DAGC V71TH= 88(58 ANTENNA)dB DAGC V71TH= 89(59 ANTENNA)dB DAGC V71TH= 90(60 ANTENNA)dB DAGC V71TH= 91(61 ANTENNA)dB DAGC V71TH= 92(62 ANTENNA)dB DAGC V71TH= 93(63 ANTENNA)dB DAGC V71TH= 94(64 ANTENNA)dB DAGC V71TH= 96(66 ANTENNA)dB Table 28. MSB d7 d6 Addr 17 FM Demodulator Fine Adjust LSB Function d5 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 d4 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 d3 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 d2 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 d1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 d0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0mV +8.5mV +17mV +263.5mV 0mV -8.5mV -17mV -263.5mV Spike cancelation "OFF" Threshold for spike cancelation 750mV Threshold for spike cancelation 270mV Threshold for spike cancelation 520mV 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 52/75 TDA7540B Table 29. MSB d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 d2 0 0 0 1 d1 0 0 1 1 Software specification Addr 18 S-Meter Slider LSB Function d0 0 1 0 1 S meter slider offset SL=0dB S meter offset SL=1dB S meter offset SL=2dB S meter offset SL=15dB S meter offset -SL S meter offset +SL S Meter slope 1V/decade S meter slope 1.5V/decade Overdeviation correction current max=45A Overdeviation correction current max=90A Overdeviation correction "OFF" Overdeviation correction "ON" Table 30. MSB d7 d6 Addr 19 IF GAIN/XTAL Adjust LSB Function d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 Xtal amplitude limitation disable Xtal amplitude limitation enable IF1 gain1 9dB IF1 gain1 12dB IF1 gain1 15dB IF1 gain1 18dB CLoad 0pF CLoad 0.75pF CLoad 1.5pF CLoad 2.25pF CLoad 3pF CLoad 23.25pF 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 53/75 Software specification Table 31. MSB d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 d2 0 0 0 0 1 d1 0 0 1 1 1 TDA7540B Addr 20 Tank Adjust LSB Function d0 0 1 0 1 1 450kHz 0pF 450kHz 1.6pF 450kHz 3.2pF 450kHz 4.8pF 450kHz 24pF 10.7MHz 0pF 10.7MHz 0.55pF 10.7MHz 1.1pF 10.7MHz 1.65pF 10.7MHz 8.25pF Table 32. MSB d7 d6 Addr 21 I/Q FM Mixer1 Adjust LSB Function d5 d4 d3 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 d2 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 d1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 d0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 -7 degree -6 degree -5 degree 0 degree +1 degree +2 degree +8degree Softmute reference offset OFF Softmute reference offset -50mV Softmute reference offset -100mV Softmute reference offset -150mV 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 54/75 TDA7540B Table 33. MSB d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 d2 0 0 0 1 d1 0 0 1 1 Software specification Addr 22 AM IF Noise Blanker LSB Function d0 0 1 0 1 AINBT 0mV AINBT 12.5mV AINBT 25mV AINBT 187.5mV AINBD "ON" AINBD 4.0V AINBD 3.2V AINBD "OFF" AINT 8s AINT 11s AINT 14s AINT 17s Table 34. MSB d7 d6 Addr 23 Switch Control LSB Function d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 S1 LOW output voltage S1 HIGH output voltage S1 emitter output available S1 open collector output available S2 LOW output voltage S2 HIGH output voltage S2 emitter output available S2 open collector output available SSTOP=IFC (IF counter status) SSTOP= H if IFC=H&FSU>0.89V SSTOP= H if IFC=H&FSU>1.16V SSTOP= H if IFC=H&FSU>1.43V 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 SSTOP= H if IFC=H&FSU>4.67V 55/75 Software specification Table 35. MSB d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 TDA7540B Addr 24 Stereodecoder 1 LSB Function d0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 Test mode stereodecoder and audioprocessor "ON" Test mode stereodecoder and audioprocessor "OFF" Audio AM noise blanker fix threshold disable Audio AM noise blanker fix threshold enable Fast clock for testing audioprocessor "ON" Fast clock for testing audioprocessor "OFF" Audio inverter OFF Audio inverter ON Audio noise blanking time (FM = 38s, AM = 1.2 ms) Audio noise blanking time (FM = 25,5s, AM = 0.8 ms) Audio noise blanking time (FM = 32s, AM = 1.0 ms) Audio noise blanking time (FM = 22s, AM = 0.64 ms) Stereodecoder VCO adjust minus Stereodecoder no VCO adjust Stereodecoder VCO adjust plus Stereodecoder no VCO adjust 0 1 0 1 Table 36. MSB d7 d6 Addr 25 Stereodecoder 2 LSB Function d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Stereo decoder mute disable Stereo decoder mute enable Stereo decoder "ON" if muted Stereo decoder "OFF" if muted Forced MONO, must be set in AM MONO/STEREO switch automatically Noise blanker peak charge current low Noise blanker peak charge current high Pilot threshold high Pilot threshold low Deemphasis 50s Deemphasis 75s Stereodecoder ingain = 3,75dB Stereodecoder ingain = 2,5dB 0 0 0 1 56/75 TDA7540B Table 36. MSB d7 1 1 d6 0 1 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 Software specification Addr 25 Stereodecoder 2 (continued) LSB Function d0 Stereodecoder ingain = 1,25dB Stereodecoder ingain = 0dB Table 37. MSB d7 d6 Addr 26 Stereodecoder 3 LSB Function d5 d4 d3 d2 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 d1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 d0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Audio noise blanker low threshold 280mV Audio noise blanker low threshold 261mV Audio noise blanker low threshold 242mV Audio noise blanker low threshold 223mV Audio noise blanker low threshold 204mV Audio noise blanker low threshold 185mV Audio noise blanker low threshold 166mV Audio noise blanker low threshold 147mV Audio noise blanker noise controlled threshold 1200mV Audio noise blanker noise controlled threshold 950mV Audio noise blanker noise controlled threshold 700mV Audio noise blanker noise controlled threshold 450mV Audio noise blanker OFF Audio noise blanker ON Deviation adjust 2,0V Deviation adjust 1,5V Deviation adjust 1,0V Deviation detector off 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 Table 38. MSB d7 d6 Addr 27 Stereodecoder 4 LSB Function d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 High Cut OFF High Cut ON max. High Cut 10dB max. High Cut 5.5dB max. High Cut 7.5dB max. High Cut 8.5dB 57/75 Software specification Table 38. MSB d7 d6 d5 d4 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 d3 0 1 0 1 d2 d1 TDA7540B Addr 27 Stereodecoder 4 (continued) LSB Function d0 Start level High Cut at 42% REF5V Start level High Cut at 50% REF5V Start level High Cut at 58% REF5V Start level High Cut at 66% REF5V Stop level High Cut at 11% VHCH Stop level High Cut at 18.3% VHCH Stop level High Cut at 25.7% VHCH Stop level High Cut at 33% VHCH Strong multipath influence on peak discharge OFF Strong multipath influence on peak discharge ON Table 39. MSB d7 d6 Addr 28 Stereodecoder 5 LSB Function d5 d4 d3 d2 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 d1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 d0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Stereoblend control at 29% REF5V Stereoblend control at 33% REF5V Stereoblend control at 38% REF5V Stereoblend control at 42% REF5V Stereoblend control at 46% REF5V Stereoblend control at 50% REF5V Stereoblend control at 54% REF5V Stereoblend control at 58% REF5V Audio noise blanker field strength adjust 2,0V Audio noise blanker field strength adjust 1,6V Audio noise blanker field strength adjust 1,4V Audio noise blanker field strength adjust OFF Quality detector coefficient a=0,6 Quality detector coefficient a=0,75 Quality detector coefficient a=0,9 Quality detector coefficient a=1,05 Multipath influence on peak discharge OFF Multipath influence on peak discharge ON (-1V/ms) 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 58/75 TDA7540B Table 40. MSB d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Software specification Addr 29 Stereodecoder 6 LSB Function d0 0 1 0 1 Noise rectifier discharge resistor = infinite Noise rectifier discharge resistor =56K Noise rectifier discharge resistor =33K Noise rectifier discharge resistor =18K Multipath detector band pass gain =6dB Multipath detector band pass gain =12dB Multipath detector band pass gain =9dB Multipath detector band pass gain =10,5dB Multipath detector internal influence ON Multipath detector internal influence OFF Multipath detector charge current =0,8A Multipath detector charge current =0,4A Multipath detector rectifier gain =7,6dB Multipath detector rectifier gain =4,6dB Multipath detector rectifier gain =0dB Multipath detector rectifier gain disabled Table 41. MSB d7 d6 Addr 30 Stereodecoder 7 LSB Function d5 d4 d3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 d2 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 d1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 d0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Roll-Off compensation not allowed Roll-Off compensation 17.1% Roll-Off compensation 15.2% Roll-Off compensation 13.3% Roll-Off compensation 11.4% Roll-Off compensation 9.6% Roll-Off compensation 7.8% Roll-Off compensation 6.0% Roll-Off compensation not allowed Roll-Off compensation 4,7% Roll-Off compensation 2.9% Roll-Off compensation 1.3% Roll-Off compensation -0.2% Roll-Off compensation -1.8% 59/75 Software specification Table 41. MSB d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 d2 1 1 d1 1 1 TDA7540B Addr 30 Stereodecoder 7 (continued) LSB Function d0 0 1 Roll-Off compensation -3.4% Roll-Off compensation -5% Level gain 0dB Level gain 0.67dB Level gain 1.34dB Level gain 4.7dB AM audio filter "OFF" AM audio filter "ON" Table 42. MSB d7 d6 Addr 31 Stereodecoder 8 LSB Function d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 d0 0 1 0 1 Quality noise gain =6dB Quality noise gain =9dB Quality noise gain =12dB Quality noise gain =15dB Enable AFS PIN Disable AFS PIN AFS inluence on stereodecoder mute No AFS inluence on stereodecoder mute PD hold activation if AFS 60/75 TDA7540B Table 43. MSB d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 AM corner frequency = 1.12kHz AM corner frequency = 1.06kHz d1 Software specification Addr 32 Stereodecoder 9 LSB Function d0 Deemphasis shift (25/37.5s) Deemphasis no shift (50/75s) AM corner frequency = 3.18kHz AM corner frequency = 3.10kHz AM corner frequency = 3.02kHz Table 44. MSB d7 x d6 x Addr 33 Test Tuner Control 1 LSB Function d5 x d4 x d3 x d2 x d1 x d0 x Only for testing ( have to be set to 0) Table 45. MSB d7 x d6 x Addr 34 Test Tuner Control 2 LSB Function d5 x d4 x d3 x d2 x d1 x d0 x Only for testing ( have to be set to 0) Table 46. MSB d7 x d6 x Addr 35 Test Tuner Control 3 LSB Function d5 x d4 x d3 x d2 x d1 x d0 x Only for testing ( have to be set to 0) Table 47. MSB d7 x d6 x Addr 36 Test TUNER Control 4 LSB Function d5 x d4 x d3 x d2 x d1 x d0 x Only for testing ( have to be set to 0) Table 48. MSB d7 x d6 x Addr 37 Test TUNER Control 5 LSB Function d5 x d4 x d3 x d2 x d1 x d0 x Only for testing ( have to be set to 0) 61/75 Software specification Table 49. MSB d7 x d6 x d5 x d4 x d3 x d2 x d1 x TDA7540B Addr 38 Test Stereodecoder Control LSB Function d0 0 Only for testing ( have to be set to 1) Table 50. MSB d7 x d6 x Addr39 FM Demodulator Spike Blanker And Stereo Decoder LSB Function d5 x d4 x d3 x d2 x d1 x d0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 Spike blanker testing "OFF" Spike blanker testing "ON" Spike blanker window mode: early + late Spike blanker window mode: early - late Spike blanker toggledetector disable Spike blanker toggledetector enable Spike blanker slow attack Spike blanker fast attack Spike blanker S&H mode: ignore restore Spike blanker S&H mode: standard Stereo decoder VCO ON (mandatory in FM mode) Stereo decoder VCO OFF Pilot cancellation mode: always Pilot cancellation mode: if pilot > threshold Stereo decoder VCO set456 Stereo decoder VCO free running 0 1 0 1 62/75 TDA7540B Appendix 6 Figure 8. Appendix Block diagram I/Q mixer Figure 9. Block diagram VCO 63/75 Appendix Figure 10. Block diagram keying AGC TDA7540B Figure 11. Block diagram ISS function 64/75 TDA7540B Block Diagram Quality Detection Principle (without overdeviation correction) Table 51. Signal ac ac+ sm dev dev+ inton int80 LOW No adjacent channel No strong adjacent channel Fieldstrength higher as softmute threshold Deviation lower as threshold DWTH Deviation lower as threshold DTH*DWTH ISS filter off by logic (wide) ISS filter 120kHz (mid) HIGH Adjacent channel present Adjacent channel higher as ac Appendix Fieldstrength lower as softmute threshold Deviation higher as threshold DWTH Deviation higher as threshold DTH*DWTH ISS filter on by logic ISS filter 80kHz (narrow) Table 52. Input Signals ac 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ac+ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 sm 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 dev 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 dev+ 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 inton 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Mode1 int80 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 Function wide wide wide narrow wide wide narrow narrow mid mid narrow narrow mid mid mid mid inton 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Mode2 int80 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 Function wide wide wide narrow mid wide mid narrow mid narrow narrow narrow mid narrow mid narrow 65/75 Appendix Figure 12. Block diagram AM part TDA7540B 66/75 TDA7540B Figure 13. Blockdiagram AM IF Noise Blanker Appendix Figure 14. Block diagram Stereodecoder 67/75 Appendix Figure 15. Block diagram Audio Noise Blanker TDA7540B Figure 16. Block diagram Multipath Detection 68/75 TDA7540B Figure 17. Block diagram AFS function Appendix 69/75 Part List (Application and measurment circuit) TDA7540B 7 Part List (Application and measurment circuit) Table 53. Item F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 L1 L2,L4 L3,L8 L5 L6 L7 CF1,CF2 CF3 CF4 D1 D2,D3 D4 D5 Q1 TOKO 5KG 611SNS-A096GO TOKO 5KM 396INS-A467AO TOKO MC152 E558CN-100021=P3 TOKO 7PSG P826RC-5134N TOKO PGL 5PGLC-5103N TOKO FSLM 2520-150 15H TOKO FSLM 2520-680 68H SIEMENS SIMID03 B82432 1mH TOKO LL 2012-220 TOKO LL 2012-270 TOKO LL 2012-22.0 muRata SFE10.7MS3A10-A 180KHz or (TOKO CFSK107M3-AE-20X) muRata SFE10.7MJA10-A 150KHz or (TOKO CFSK107M4-AE-20X) muRata SFPS 450H 6KHz or (TOKO ARLFC450T) TOSHIBA 1SV172 TOKO KP2311E TOKO KV1370NT PHILIPS BB156 TOSHIBA HN3G01J Part list Description 70/75 TDA7540B Application circuit 8 Application circuit Figure 18. Application circuit 71/75 Application Notes TDA7540B 9 Application Notes Following items are important to get highest performance of TDA7540 in application: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. In order to avoid leakage current from PLL loop filter input to ground a guardring is recommended around loop filter PIN's with PLL reference (VREF2) voltage potential. Distance between Xtal and VCO input PIN 18 should be far as possible and Xtal package should get a shield versus ground. Blocking of VCO supply should be near at PIN 20 and PIN 21. Blocking of VCC2 supply should be near at PIN 64 and PIN 61. Wire lenght to FM mixer1-input and -output should be symetrically and short. FM demodulator capacitance at PIN 56 should be sense connected as short as possible versus demodulator ground at PIN 57. Wire lenght from AM mixer tank output to 9KHz ceramic filter input has to be short as possible. To minimize "AM TWEET" the AM demodulator capacitor should be connected versus GNDVCC1 at PIN 41 and FSU output at PIN 22 should be filtered with capacitor of about 2,2nF versus GNDVCC2. 72/75 TDA7540B Package Information 10 Package Information In order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in ECOPACK(R) packages. These packages have a Lead-free second level interconnect. The category of second Level Interconnect is marked on the package and on the inner box label, in compliance with JEDEC Standard JESD97. The maximum ratings related to soldering conditions are also marked on the inner box label. ECOPACK is an ST trademark. ECOPACK specifications are available at: www.st.com. Figure 19. TQFP80 (14x14x1.40mm) Mechanical Data & Package Dimensions DIM. MIN. A A1 A2 B C D D1 D3 e E E1 E3 L L1 K 0.45 0.05 1.35 0.22 0.09 16.00 14.00 12.35 0.65 16.00 14.00 12.35 0.60 1.00 0.75 0.018 1.40 0.32 mm TYP. MAX. 1.60 0.15 1.45 0.38 0.20 0.002 0.053 0.009 0.003 0.630 0.551 0.295 0.0256 0.630 0.551 0.486 0.024 0.0393 3.5(min.), 7(max.) 0.030 0.055 0.013 MIN. inch TYP. MAX. 0.063 0.006 0.057 0.015 0.008 OUTLINE AND MECHANICAL DATA TQFP80 (14x14x1.40mm) D D1 D3 A A2 A1 60 61 41 40 0.10mm .004 Seating Plane e E3 B E1 E PIN 1 IDENTIFICATION Gage plane 0.25mm 80 1 20 21 K TQFP80L C L L1 73/75 Revision history TDA7540B 11 Revision history Table 54. Date 10-May-2006 Document revision history Revision 1 Initial release. Changes 74/75 TDA7540B Please Read Carefully: Information in this document is provided solely in connection with ST products. STMicroelectronics NV and its subsidiaries ("ST") reserve the right to make changes, corrections, modifications or improvements, to this document, and the products and services described herein at any time, without notice. All ST products are sold pursuant to ST's terms and conditions of sale. Purchasers are solely responsible for the choice, selection and use of the ST products and services described herein, and ST assumes no liability whatsoever relating to the choice, selection or use of the ST products and services described herein. No license, express or implied, by estoppel or otherwise, to any intellectual property rights is granted under this document. If any part of this document refers to any third party products or services it shall not be deemed a license grant by ST for the use of such third party products or services, or any intellectual property contained therein or considered as a warranty covering the use in any manner whatsoever of such third party products or services or any intellectual property contained therein. UNLESS OTHERWISE SET FORTH IN ST'S TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF SALE ST DISCLAIMS ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTY WITH RESPECT TO THE USE AND/OR SALE OF ST PRODUCTS INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE (AND THEIR EQUIVALENTS UNDER THE LAWS OF ANY JURISDICTION), OR INFRINGEMENT OF ANY PATENT, COPYRIGHT OR OTHER INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHT. UNLESS EXPRESSLY APPROVED IN WRITING BY AN AUTHORIZE REPRESENTATIVE OF ST, ST PRODUCTS ARE NOT DESIGNED, AUTHORIZED OR WARRANTED FOR USE IN MILITARY, AIR CRAFT, SPACE, LIFE SAVING, OR LIFE SUSTAINING APPLICATIONS, NOR IN PRODUCTS OR SYSTEMS, WHERE FAILURE OR MALFUNCTION MAY RESULT IN PERSONAL INJURY, DEATH, OR SEVERE PROPERTY OR ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE. Resale of ST products with provisions different from the statements and/or technical features set forth in this document shall immediately void any warranty granted by ST for the ST product or service described herein and shall not create or extend in any manner whatsoever, any liability of ST. ST and the ST logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of ST in various countries. Information in this document supersedes and replaces all information previously supplied. The ST logo is a registered trademark of STMicroelectronics. All other names are the property of their respective owners. (c) 2006 STMicroelectronics - All rights reserved STMicroelectronics group of companies Australia - Belgium - Brazil - Canada - China - Czech Republic - Finland - France - Germany - Hong Kong - India - Israel - Italy - Japan Malaysia - Malta - Morocco - Singapore - Spain - Sweden - Switzerland - United Kingdom - United States of America www.st.com 75/75 |
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