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FEATURES
High efficiency:92.5 @12V/18A Size: 57.9x36.8x10.8mm (2.28"x1.45"x0.43") (w/o heatspreader) 57.9x36.8x12.7mm (2.28"x1.45"x0.50") (with heatspreader) Industry standard pin out Fixed frequency operation Fully protected: OTP, OVP, OCP, UVLO No minimum load required Wide output trim range: -20~+10% Remote sense Fast transient response Basic insulation and 2250V isolation ISO 9001, TL 9000, ISO 14001, QS9000, OHSAS18001 certified manufacturing facility UL/cUL 60950 (US & Canada) recognized, TUV (EN60950) certified CE mark meets 73/23/EEC and 93/68/EEC directives
Delphi Series Q48SP, 216W Quarter Brick Family DC/DC Power Modules: 48V in, 12V/18A out
The Delphi Series Q48SP Quarter Brick, 48V input, 12V single output, isolated, DC/DC converters are the latest offering from a world leader in power systems technology and manufacturing Delta Electronics, Inc. This product family provides up to 216 watts of power or up to 18A of output current in an industry standard footprint. With creative design technology and optimization of component placement, these converters possess outstanding electrical and thermal performance, as well as extremely high reliability under highly stressful operating conditions. All models are fully protected from abnormal input/output voltage, current, and temperature conditions. The Q48SP Delphi Series converters meet all safety requirements with basic insulation.
OPTIONS
Latched over current protection Positive remote on/off Short lead lengths
APPLICATIONS
Telecom/DataCom Wireless Networks Optical Network Equipment Server and Data Storage Industrial/Test Equipment
DATASHEET DS_Q48SP12017_01162007
1
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
(TA=25C, airflow rate=300 LFM, Vin=48Vdc, nominal Vout unless otherwise noted; mounted on board.)
PARAMETER
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Input Voltage Continuous Transient (100ms, non-operating) Operating Temperature Storage Temperature Input/Output Isolation Voltage INPUT CHARACTERISTICS Operating Input Voltage Input Under-Voltage Lockout Turn-On Voltage Threshold Turn-Off Voltage Threshold Lockout Hysteresis Voltage Maximum Input Current No-Load Input Current Off Converter Input Current Inrush Current (I2t) Input Reflected-Ripple Current Input Voltage Ripple Rejection OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS Output Voltage Set Point Output Voltage Regulation Over Load Over Line Over Temperature Total Output Voltage Range Output Voltage Ripple and Noise Peak-to-Peak RMS Operating Output Current Range Output DC Current-Limit Inception DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS Output Voltage Current Transient Positive Step Change in Output Current Negative Step Change in Output Current Settling Time (within 1% Vout nominal) Turn-On Transient Start-Up Time, From On/Off Control Start-Up Time, From Input Maximum Output Capacitance EFFICIENCY 100% Load ISOLATION CHARACTERISTICS Input to Output Isolation Resistance Isolation Capacitance FEATURE CHARACTERISTICS Switching Frequency ON/OFF Control, (Logic Low-Module ON) Logic Low Logic High ON/OFF Current Leakage Current Output Voltage Trim Range Output Voltage Remote Sense Range Output Over-Voltage Protection GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS MTBF Weight Over-Temperature Shutdown
NOTES and CONDITIONS
Min. -0.5 100ms Refer to Figure 22 for the measuring point -40 -40 36 33 30 1 100% Load, 36Vin
Q48SP12017NRFA
Typ. Max. Units 80 100 120 105 2250 48 34 32 2 75 36 34 3 7 140 11 1 Vdc Vdc C C Vdc Vdc Vdc Vdc Vdc A mA mA A2S mA dB Vdc mV mV mV V mV mV A A mV mV uS mS mS F % 2250 10 1000 300 Vdc M pF kHz 1 15 1 50 +10 0.5 16.5 2.40 45 130 V V mA uA % V V M hours grams C
P-P thru 12H inductor, 5Hz to 20MHz 120 Hz Vin=48V, Io=Io.max, Ta=25C Io=Io,min to Io,max Vin=36V to 75V Ta=-40C to135C over sample load, line and temperature 5Hz to 20MHz bandwidth Full Load, 1F ceramic, 10F tantalum Full Load, 1F ceramic, 10F tantalum Output Voltage 10% Low 48V, 10F Tan & 1F Ceramic load cap, 0.1A/s 50% Io,max to 75% Io,max 75% Io,max to 50% Io,max 11.8
10 50 12 6 6 32 11.6 12.2 24 24 60 12.4 150 50 18 24
0 19
21 300 300 400 8 6
Full load; 5% overshoot of Vout at startup
0 92.5
1500
Von/off at Ion/off=1.0mA Von/off at Ion/off=0.0 A Ion/off at Von/off=0.0V Logic High, Von/off=15V Across Pins 9 & 5, Pout <= max rated power Pout <= max rated power Over full temp range; % of nominal Vout Io=80% of Io, max; Ta=25C Refer to Figure 22 for the measuring point
0 2 -20 13.5
2 DS_Q48SP12017_01162007
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS CURVES
94 92 90 88 EFFICIENCY(%) 86
LOSS(W) 20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4
84 82 80 78 76 74 72 70 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 OUTPUT CURRENT(A) 36V 48V 75V
2 0 2 4 6
36V
48V
75V
8
10
12
14
16
18
OUTPUT CURRENT(A)
Figure 1: Efficiency vs. load current for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at 25C.
Figure 2: Power dissipation vs. load current for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at 25C.
Figure 3: Turn-on transient at zero load current. Top Trace: Vout; 5V/div; Bottom Trace: ON/OFF input: 2V/div
Figure 4: Turn-on transient at load full rated current. Top Trace: Vout: 5V/div; Bottom Trace: ON/OFF input: 2V/div
3 DS_Q48SP12017_01162007
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS CURVES
Figure 5: Output voltage response to step-change in load current (50%-75% of Io, max: di/dt =0.1A/s). Load cap:1F ceramic capacitor and 10uF Tantalum capacitor. Top Trace: Vout (200mV/div), Bottom Trace: Iout (5A/div). Scope measurement should be made using a BNC cable (length shorter than 20 inches). Position the load between 51 mm to 76 mm (2 inches to 3 inches) from the module.
INPUT CURREN (A) 7.0 6.5 6.0 5.5 5.0 4.5 4.0 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0 30 35
Figure 6: Output voltage response to step-change in load current (75%-50% of Io, max; di/dt = 0.1A/s). Load cap: 10uf tantalum capacitor and 1F ceramic capacitor. Top Trace: Vout (200mV/div), Bottom Trace: Iout (5A/div). Scope measurement should be made using a BNC cable (length shorter than 20 inches). Position the load between 51 mm to 76 mm (2 inches to 3 inches) from the module..
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) )
14 12 10 8 6 4 2
Vin=48V Vin=36V Vin=75V
Io=17A
Io=10.2A
Io=1.7A
40
45
50
55
60 65 70 75 INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18
LOAD CURRENT (A)
Figure 7: Typical input characteristics at room temperature
Figure 8:Output characteristics at room temperature
4 DS_Q48SP12017_01162007
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS CURVES
Figure 9: Test set-up diagram showing measurement points for Input Terminal Ripple Current and Input Reflected Ripple Current. Note: Measured input reflected-ripple current with a simulated source Inductance (LTEST) of 12 H. Capacitor Cs offset possible battery impedance. Measure current as shown above.
Figure 10: Input reflected ripple current, ic through a 12H source inductor at nominal input voltage and rated load current (20 mA/div).
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ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS CURVES
Copper Strip Vo(+)
10u Vo(-)
1u
SCOPE
RESISTIVE LOAD
Figure 11: Output voltage noise and ripple measurement test setup
Figure 12: Output voltage ripple at 36V input voltage and rated load current (50 mV/div). Load capacitance: 1F ceramic capacitor and 10F tantalum capacitor. Bandwidth: 25 MHz. Scope measurements should be made using a BNC cable (length shorter than 20 inches). Position the load between 51 mm to 76 mm (2 inches to 3 inches) from the module.
Figure 13: Output voltage ripple at 48V input voltage and rated load current (50 mV/div). Load capacitance: 1F ceramic capacitor and 10F tantalum capacitor. Bandwidth: 25 MHz. Scope measurements should be made using a BNC cable (length shorter than 20 inches). Position the load between 51 mm to 76 mm (2 inches to 3 inches) from the module.
Figure 14: Output voltage ripple at 75V input voltage and rated load current (50 mV/div). Load capacitance: 1F ceramic capacitor and 10F tantalum capacitor. Bandwidth: 25 MHz. Scope measurements should be made using a BNC cable (length shorter than 20 inches). Position the load between 51 mm to 76 mm (2 inches to 3 inches) from the module.
6 DS_Q48SP12017_01162007
DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
Input Source Impedance
The impedance of the input source connecting to the DC/DC power modules will interact with the modules and affect the stability. A low ac-impedance input source is recommended. If the source inductance is more than a few H, we advise adding a 100 F electrolytic capacitor (ESR < 0.7 at 100 kHz) mounted close to the input of the module to improve the stability. Do not ground one of the input pins without grounding one of the output pins. This connection may allow a non-SELV voltage to appear between the output pin and ground. The power module has extra-low voltage (ELV) outputs when all inputs are ELV. This power module is not internally fused. To achieve optimum safety and system protection, an input line fuse is highly recommended. The safety agencies require a normal-blow fuse with 20A maximum rating to be installed in the ungrounded lead. A lower rated fuse can be used based on the maximum inrush transient energy and maximum input current.
Layout and EMC Considerations
Delta's DC/DC power modules are designed to operate in a wide variety of systems and applications. For design assistance with EMC compliance and related PWB layout issues, please contact Delta's technical support team. An external input filter module is available for easier EMC compliance design. Application notes to assist designers in addressing these issues are pending to release.
Soldering and Cleaning Considerations
Post solder cleaning is usually the final board assembly process before the board or system undergoes electrical testing. Inadequate cleaning and/or drying may lower the reliability of a power module and severely affect the finished circuit board assembly test. Adequate cleaning and/or drying is especially important for un-encapsulated and/or open frame type power modules. For assistance on appropriate soldering and cleaning procedures, please contact Delta's technical support team.
Safety Considerations
The power module must be installed in compliance with the spacing and separation requirements of the enduser's safety agency standard, i.e., UL60950, CAN/CSA-C22.2 NO.60950-00 and EN60950:2000 and IEC60950-1999, if the system in which the power module is to be used must meet safety agency requirements. When the input source is 60 Vdc or below, the power module meets SELV (safety extra-low voltage) requirements. If the input source is a hazardous voltage which is greater than 60 Vdc and less than or equal to 75 Vdc, for the module's output to meet SELV requirements, all of the following must be met: The input source must be insulated from any hazardous voltages, including the ac mains, with reinforced insulation. One Vi pin and one Vo pin are grounded, or all the input and output pins are kept floating. The input terminals of the module are not operator accessible. A SELV reliability test is conducted on the system where the module is used to ensure that under a single fault, hazardous voltage does not appear at the module's output.
7 DS_Q48SP12017_01162007
FEATURES DESCRIPTIONS
Over-Current Protection
The modules include an internal output over-current protection circuit, which will endure current limiting for an unlimited duration during output overload. If the output current exceeds the OCP set point, the modules will automatically shut down and latch off.
Vi(+) Vo(+)
Sense(+) ON/OFF Sense(-) Vi(-)
Vo(-)
Over-Voltage Protection
Figure 15: Remote on/off implementation
The modules include an internal output over-voltage protection circuit, which monitors the voltage on the output terminals. If this voltage exceeds the overvoltage set point, the module will shut down and latch off. Cycling the input power for one second can reset the over-voltage latch.
Remote Sense
Remote sense compensates for voltage drops on the output by sensing the actual output voltage at the point of load. The voltage between the remote sense pins and the output terminals must not exceed the output voltage sense range given here:
[Vo(+) - Vo(-)] - [SENSE(+) - SENSE(-)] 0.5V
Over-Temperature Protection
The over-temperature protection consists of circuitry that provides protection from thermal damage. If the temperature exceeds the over-temperature threshold the module will shut down. The module will try to restart after shutdown. If the overtemperature condition still exists during restart, the module will shut down again. This restart trial will continue until the temperature is within specification.
This limit includes any increase in voltage due to remote sense compensation and output voltage set point adjustment (trim).
Vi(+) Vo(+) Sense(+)
Remote On/Off
The remote on/off feature on the module can be either negative or positive logic. Negative logic turns the module on during a logic low and off during a logic high. Positive logic turns the modules on during a logic high and off during a logic low. Remote on/off can be controlled by an external switch between the on/off terminal and the Vi(-) terminal. The switch can be an open collector or open drain. For negative logic if the remote on/off feature is not used, please short the on/off pin to Vi(-). For positive logic if the remote on/off feature is not used, please leave the on/off pin floating.
Sense(-) Contact Resistance Vi(-) Vo(-) Contact and Distribution Losses
Figure 16: Effective circuit configuration for remote sense operation
If the remote sense feature is not used to regulate the output at the point of load, please connect SENSE(+) to Vo(+) and SENSE(-) to Vo(-) at the module. The output voltage can be increased by both the remote sense and the trim; however, the maximum allowed increase is the larger of either the remote sense spec or the trim spec, not the sum of both. When using remote sense and trim, the output voltage of the module is usually increased, which increases the power output of the module with the same output current. Care should be taken to ensure that the maximum output power does not exceed the maximum rated power.
8
DS_Q48SP12017_01162007
FEATURES DESCRIPTIONS (CON.)
Output Voltage Adjustment (TRIM)
To increase or decrease the output voltage set point, connect an external resistor between the TRIM pin and either the SENSE(+) or SENSE(-). The TRIM pin should be left open if this feature is not used.
Figure 19: Circuit configuration for trim-down (decrease output voltage)
If the external resistor is connected between the TRIM and SENSE (-) the output voltage set point decreases (Fig. 19). The external resistor value required to obtain a percentage output voltage change % is defined as:
Figure 17: Circuit configuration for trim-up (increase output voltage)
Rtrim_down ( ) = (
If the external resistor is connected between the TRIM and SENSE (+) pins, the output voltage set point increases (Fig. 17). The external resistor value required to obtain a percentage of output voltage change % is defined as:
511 - 10.22)k
Ex. When trim down to 9.6V from 12V
Rtrim - down =
550 500 450 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 1 Trim-resistor value (K) )
511 - 10.22 K = 15.33K 20
(5.11 x Vo(100 + ) 511 - - 10.22)( K) 1.225 Vnom - Vadj =( ) x 100 Vnom Vo=Nominal voltage Rtrim _ up = (
Ex. When trim up to 13.2V from 12V
Rtrim - up =
= 489.3K
5000 4500 4000 3500 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0 1 2
5.11 x 12(100 + 10 ) 511 - - 10.22 1.225 x 10 10
10 Trim-Down percentage
100
Figure 20: Trim DOWN resistor selection
Trim resistor value (K) )
The output voltage can be increased by both the remote sense and the trim, however the maximum allowed increase is the larger of either the remote sense spec or the trim spec, not the sum of both. When using remote sense and trim, the output voltage of the module is usually increased, which increases the power output of the module with the same output current.
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Trim-Up percentage
Care should be taken to ensure that the maximum output power of the module remains at or below the maximum rated power.
Figure 18: Trim UP resistor selection
9 DS_Q48SP12017_01162007
THERMAL CONSIDERATIONS
Thermal management is an important part of the system design. To ensure proper, reliable operation, sufficient cooling of the power module is needed over the entire temperature range of the module. Convection cooling is usually the dominant mode of heat transfer. Hence, the choice of equipment to characterize the thermal performance of the power module is a wind tunnel.
THERMAL CURVES
Thermal Testing Setup
Delta's DC/DC power modules are characterized in heated vertical wind tunnels that simulate the thermal environments encountered in most electronics equipment. This type of equipment commonly uses vertically mounted circuit cards in cabinet racks in which the power modules are mounted. The following figure shows the wind tunnel characterization setup. The power module is mounted on a test PWB and is vertically positioned within the wind tunnel. The space between the neighboring PWB and the top of the power module is constantly kept at 6.35mm (0.25'').
Figure 22: Temperature measurement location The allowed maximum hot spot temperature is defined at 120
Q48SP12017(Standard) Output Current vs. Ambient Temperature and Air Velocity @Vin = 48V (Transverse Orientation)
600LFM
18
20
Output Current(A)
500LFM
16
400LFM
14
12
10
8
Natural Convection
100LFM 200LFM
Thermal Derating
Heat can be removed by increasing airflow over the module. The module's maximum hot spot temperature is pending to release and the measured location is illustrated in Figure 22. To enhance system reliability, the power module should always be operated below the maximum operating temperature. If the temperature exceeds the maximum module temperature, reliability of the unit may be affected.
FACING PWB PWB MODULE
6
4
300LFM
2
0 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 Ambient Temperature ()
Figure 23: Output current vs. ambient temperature and air velocity@ Vin=48V (Transverse orientation)
AIR VELOCITY AND AMBIENT TEMPERATURE MEASURED BELOW THE MODULE
AIR FLOW
50.8 (2.0")
12.7 (0.5") Note: Wind Tunnel Test Setup Figure Dimensions are in millimeters and (Inches
Figure 21: Wind tunnel test setup
10 DS_Q48SP12017_01162007
MECHANICAL DRAWING(WITHOUT HEATSPERADER)
Pin No.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Name
-Vin CASE ON/OFF +Vin +Vout +SENSE TRIM -SENSE -Vout
Function
Negative input voltage Case ground pin Remote ON/OFF Positive input voltage Positive output voltage Positive remote sense Output voltage trim Negative remote sense Negative output voltage
Notes:
1 2 3
Pins 1-4, 6-8 are 1.00mm (0.040") diameter Pins 5 and 9 are 1.50mm (0.060") diameter All pins are copper with Tin plating
11 DS_Q48SP12017_01162007
MECHANICAL DRAWING (WITH HEATSPREADER)
12 DS_Q48SP12017_01162007
PART NUMBERING SYSTEM
Q
Form Factor
Q - Quarter Brick
48
48V
S
S - Single
P
Product Series
18A
120
Output Voltage
120- 12V
17
Output Current
18A
N
ON/OFF Logic
N - Negative P - Positive
R
Pin Length
R - 0.170" N - 0.145" K - 0.110"
F
F- RoHS 6/6 (Lead Free)
A
Option Code
A - Std. Functions with case pin B - Without case pin H - With heatspreader and case pin
Input Number of Voltage Outputs
MODEL LIST
MODEL NAME
Q48SP12017NRFA
INPUT
36V~75V 7A 12V
OUTPUT
18A
EFF @ 100% LOAD
92.5%
CONTACT: www.delta.com.tw/dcdc
USA: Telephone: East Coast: (888) 335 8201 West Coast: (888) 335 8208 Fax: (978) 656 3964 Email: DCDC@delta-corp.com Europe: Telephone: +41 31 998 53 11 Fax: +41 31 998 53 53 Email: DCDC@delta-es.tw Asia & the rest of world: Telephone: +886 3 4526107 x6220 Fax: +886 3 4513485 Email: DCDC@delta.com.tw
WARRANTY
Delta offers a two (2) year limited warranty. Complete warranty information is listed on our web site or is available upon request from Delta. Information furnished by Delta is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Delta for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties, which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Delta. Delta reserves the right to revise these specifications at any time, without notice.
13 DS_Q48SP12017_01162007

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