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APPLICATION NOTE AVAILABLE
AN42 AN4448 AN50 AN52 AN53 AN71 AN92
Terminal Voltage 5V, 100 Taps, Log Taper
X9C303
Digitally Controlled (XDCP) Potentiometer
FEATURES Solid-State Potentiometer Three-Wire Serial Interface 100 Wiper Tap Points NWiper Position Stored in Nonvolatile Memory and Recalled on Power-up 99 Resistive Elements, Log Taper NTemperature Compensated NEnd to End Resistance, 15% NTerminal Voltages, 5V Low Power CMOS NVCC = 5V NActive Current, 3mA Max. NStandby Current, 500A Max. High Reliability NEndurance, 100,000 Data Changes per Bit NRegister Data Retention, 100 Years X9C303, 32 k Packages N8 Lead TSSOP N8 Lead SOIC N8 Pin DIP DESCRIPTION The Xicor X9C303 is a digitally-controlled (DCP) potentiometer. The device consists of a resistor array, wiper switches, a control section, and nonvolatile memory. The wiper position is controlled by a three-wire interface. The resistor array is composed of 99 resistive elements. Between each element and at either end are tap points accessible to the wiper terminal. The position of the wiper element is controlled by the CS, U/D, and INC inputs. The position of the wiper can be stored in nonvolatile memory and then be recalled upon a subsequent powerup operation. The device can be used as a three-terminal potentiometer or as a two-terminal variable resistor in a wide variety of applications ranging from control, to signal processing, to parameter adjustment. Digitally-controlled potentiometers provide three powerful application advantages; (1) the variability and reliability of a solidstate potentiometer, (2) the exibility of computer-based digital controls, and (3) the use of nonvolatile memory for potentiometer settings retention.
FUNCTIONAL DIAGRAM
U/D INC CS 7-BIT UP/DOWN COUNTER 99 98 97 7-BIT NONVOLATILE MEMORY ONE 96 OF ONEHUNDRED DECODER R H/VH
TRANSFER GATES
RESISTOR ARRAY
2 STORE AND RECALL CONTROL CIRCUITRY 1 0 R L/VL R W/VW XDCP is a trademark of Xicor, Inc.
9900-2000.1 3/31/99
VCC VSS
#
Characteristics subject to change without notice
X9C303
PIN DESCRIPTIONS VH and VL The high (VH) and low (VL) terminals of the device are equivalent to the xed terminals of a mechanical potentiometer. The minimum voltage is 5V and the maximum is +5V. It should be noted that the terminology of VL and VH references the relative position of the terminal in relation to wiper movement direction selected by the U/D input and not the voltage potential on the terminal. VW VW is the wiper terminal, equivalent to the movable terminal of a mechanical potentiometer. The position of the wiper within the array is determined by the control inputs. The wiper terminal series resistance is typically 40. Up/Down (U/D) The U/D input controls the direction of the wiper movement and whether the counter is incremented or decremented. Increment (INC) The INC input is negative-edge triggered. Toggling INC will move the wiper and either increment or decrement the counter in the direction indicated by the logic level on the U/D input. Chip Select (CS) The device is selected when the CS input is LOW. The current counter value is stored in nonvolatile memory when CS is returned HIGH while the INC input is also HIGH. After the store operation is complete the device will be placed in the low power standby mode until the device is selected once again. PIN CONFIGURATION
R1 + R2 + . . . + Ri VW G i = 20Log ------------------------------------------------ = --------- ( V L = 0V ) R TOTAL VS DIP/SOIC/(TSSOP) (CS) INC (VCC) U/D (INC) VH (U/D) VSS 1 2 3 4 X9C303 8 7 6 5 VCC (VL) CS (VW) VL (VSS) VW (VH) R 1 + R 2 + . . . + R 99 @ 33K = R TOTAL (Refer Test Circuit 1)
PIN NAMES Symbol
VH VW VL VSS VCC U/D INC CS NC
Description
High Terminal (Potentiometer) Wiper Terminal (Potentiometer) Low Terminal (Potentiometer) Ground Supply Voltage Up/Down Control Input Increment Control Input Chip Select Control Input No Connection
POTENTIOMETER RELATIONSHIPS
S100 VH (VS) S99 S98 VW
R99 R98
S3 R2 R1 VL S2 S1
#
Running H/F 1
PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION There are three sections of the X9C303: the input control, counter and decode section; the nonvolatile memory; and the resistor array. The input control section operates just like an up/down counter. The output of this counter is decoded to turn on a single electronic switch connecting a point on the resistor array to the wiper output. Under the proper conditions the contents of the counter can be stored in nonvolatile memory and retained for future use. The resistor array is comprised of 99 individual resistors connected in series. At either end of the array and between each resistor is an electronic switch that transfers the potential at that point to the wiper. The wiper, when at either xed terminal, acts like its mechanical equivalent and does not move beyond the last position. That is, the counter does not wrap around when clocked to either extreme. The electronic switches on the device operate in a Omake before breakO mode when the wiper changes tap positions. If the wiper is moved several positions, multiple taps are connected to the wiper for tIW (INC to VW change). The RTOTAL value for the device can temporarily be reduced by a signicant amount if the wiper is moved several positions. When the device is powered-down, the last counter position stored will be maintained in the nonvolatile memory. When power is restored, the contents of the memory are recalled and the counter is reset to the value last stored. Instructions and Programming The INC, U/D and CS inputs control the movement of the wiper along the resistor array. With CS set LOW the device is selected and enabled to respond to the U/D and INC inputs. HIGH to LOW transitions on INC will increment or decrement (depending on the state of the U/D input) a seven-bit counter. The output of this counter is decoded to select one of one-hundred wiper positions along the resistive array. The value of the counter is stored in nonvolatile memory whenever CS transistions HIGH while the INC input is also HIGH. The system may select the X9C303, move the wiper, and deselect the device without having to store the latest wiper position in nonvolatile memory. The wiper movement is performed as described above; once the new position is reached, the system would the keep INC LOW while taking CS HIGH. The new wiper position would be maintained until changed by the system or until a power-down/up cycle recalled the previously stored data. This would allow the system to always power-up to a preset value stored in nonvolatile memory; then during system operation minor adjustments could be made. The adjustments might be based on user preference: system parameter changes due to temperature drift, etc... The state of U/D may be changed while CS remains LOW. This allows the host system to enable the device and then move the wiper up and down until the proper trim is attained. MODE SELECTION CS
L L H H X L
INC
U/D
H L X X X Wiper Up
Mode
Wiper Down Store Wiper Position Standby Current No Store, Return to Standby
SYMBOL TABLE
WAVEFORM INPUTS Must be steady May change from Low to High May change from High to Low DonOt Care: Changes Allowed N/A OUTPUTS Will be steady Will change from Low to High Will change from High to Low Changing: State Not Known Center Line is High Impedance
#
X9C303
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS* Temperature under Bias.........................65C to +135C Storage Temperature..............................65C to +150C Voltage on CS, INC, U/D and VCC with Respect to VSS...................................... 1V to +7V Voltage on VH and VL Referenced to VSS........................................ 8V to +8V V = |VHVL| X9C303 .................................................................... 10V Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10 seconds) ......... +300C Wiper Current ...........................................................1mA ANALOG CHARACTERISTICS Electrical Characteristics End-to-End Resistance Tolerance .......................... 15% Power Rating at 25C X9C303 ................................................................10mW Wiper Current ..................................................1mA Max. Typical Wiper Resistance ..............................40 at 1mA Typical Resistor Noise ............23 nV (RMS)/OHz at 1 KHz Typical Charge Pump Noise.....20 mV (RMS) @ 2.5 MHz Relative Variation Relative variation is a measure of the error in step size between taps = log(Vw(n)) log(Vw(n-1)) = 0.0450.003 for tap n = 2 99 Temperature Coefficient (40C to +85C) X9C303 ........................................... 400 ppm/C Typical Ratiometric Temperature Coefcient ..................20 ppm Wiper Adjustability Unlimited Wiper Adjustment (Non-Store operation) Wiper Position Store Operations.........................100,000 Data Changes per Bit Physical Characteristics Marking Includes ManufacturerOs Trademark Resistance Value or Code Date Code *COMMENT Stresses above those listed under OAbsolute Maximum RatingsO may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only and the functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those listed in the operational sections of this specication is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
Typical Electrical Taper
100.0% 90.0% 80.0% 70.0% % Total Resistance 60.0% 50.0% 40.0% 30.0% 20.0% 10.0% 0.0% 48 51 54 57 60 63 66 69 72 75 78 81 84 87 90 93 96 12 15 18 21 24 27 30 33 36 39 42 R(VH-VW) R(VW-VL) 45 Tap 99 0 3 6 9
#
X9C303
Test Circuit #1
VH
Test Circuit #2
VH TEST POINT
Circuit #3 SPICE Macromodel
RTOTAL RH CH 10pF CW 25pF RW CL 10pF
RL
VS
TEST POINT VW VL VL
VW
FORCE CURRENT
RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS Temperature
Commercial Industrial Military
Min.
0C 40C 55C
Max.
+70C +85C +125C
Supply Voltage
X9C303
Limits
5V 10%
D.C. OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS (Over recommended operating conditions unless otherwise specified.) Limits Symbol
ICC
Parameter
VCC Active Current
Min.
Typ.(1)
1
Max.
3
Units
mA
Test Conditions
CS = VIL, U/D = VIL or VIH and INC = 0.4V to 2.4V @ max. tCYC
ISB ILI VIH VIL RW VH VL CIN(2) CH/CL/ CW
Standby Supply Current
200
500
A
CS = VCC 0.3V, U/D and INC = VSS or VCC 0.3V VIN = VSS to VCC
CS, INC, U/D Input Leakage Current CS, INC, U/D Input HIGH Voltage CS, INC, U/D Input LOW Voltage Wiper Resistance VH Terminal Voltage VL Terminal Voltage CS, INC, U/D Input Capacitance Potentiometer Capacitance 10/10/25 5 5 2 1 40
10 VCC + 1 0.8 100 +5 +5 10
A V V V V pF
Max. Wiper Current 1mA
VCC = 5V, VIN = VSS, TA = 25C, f = 1MHz See Circuit 3
pF
STANDARD PARTS Part Number
X9C303
Maximum Resistance
32K
Wiper Increments
Log Taper
Minimum Resistance
40 Typical
#
Running H/F 1
Notes: (1) Typical values are for TA = 25C and nominal supply voltage. (2) This parameter is periodically sampled and not 100% tested.
#
Running H/F 1
A.C. CONDITIONS OF TEST
Input Pulse Levels Input Rise and Fall Times Input Reference Levels 0V to 3V 10ns 1.5V
A.C. OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS (Over recommended operating conditions unless otherwise specified) Limits Symbol
tCl tlD tDI tlL tlH tlC tCPH tIW tCYC tR, tF(4) tPU(4) tR VCC(4)
Parameter
CS to INC Setup INC HIGH to U/D Change U/D to INC Setup INC LOW Period INC HIGH Period INC Inactive to CS Inactive CS Deselect Time INC to VW Change INC Cycle Time INC Input Rise and Fall Time Power up to Wiper Stable VCC Power-up Rate
Min.
100 100 2.9 1 1 1 20
Typ.(3)
Max.
Units
ns ns s s s s ms
100 4
500
s s
500 500 0.2 50
ns s mV/s
A.C. TIMING
CS tCYC tCI INC tID tDI tF tIL tIH tIC tCPH 90% 90% 10% tR
U/D tIW VW MI (8)
Notes: (3) Typical values are for TA = 25C and nominal supply voltage. #
Running H/F 1
PACKAGING INFORMATION 8-LEAD PLASTIC SMALL OUTLINE GULL WING PACKAGE TYPE S
0.150 (3.80) 0.158 (4.00) PIN 1 INDEX PIN 1
0.228 (5.80) 0.244 (6.20)
0.014 (0.35) 0.019 (0.49)
0.188 (4.78) 0.197 (5.00)
(4X) 7
0.053 (1.35) 0.069 (1.75)
0.050 (1.27)
0.004 (0.19) 0.010 (0.25)
0.010 (0.25) 0.020 (0.50) X 45
0.050" TYPICAL
0 8 0.0075 (0.19) 0.010 (0.25) 0.016 (0.410) 0.037 (0.937) 0.250"
0.050" TYPICAL
FOOTPRINT
0.030" TYPICAL 8 PLACES
NOTE: ALL DIMENSIONS IN INCHES (IN PARENTHESES IN MILLIMETERS)
#
Running H/F 1
PACKAGING INFORMATION 8-LEAD PLASTIC, TSSOP, PACKAGE TYPE V
.025 (.65) BSC
.169 (4.3) .252 (6.4) BSC .177 (4.5)
.114 (2.9) .122 (3.1)
.047 (1.20)
.0075 (.19) .0118 (.30)
.002 (.05) .006 (.15)
.010 (.25) Gage Plane 0 8 .019 (.50) .029 (.75) Detail A (20X) Seating Plane (4.16) (7.72)
(1.78) .031 (.80) .041 (1.05)
(0.42) (0.65)
See Detail OAO
ALL MEASUREMENTS ARE TYPICAL
NOTE: ALL DIMENSIONS IN INCHES (IN PARENTHESES IN MILLIMETERS)
#
Running H/F 1
ORDERING INFORMATION X9C303 X X Temperature Range Blank = Commercial = 0C to +70C I = Industrial = 40C to +85C Package P = 8-Lead Plastic DIP S8 = 8-Lead SOIC V8 = 8-Lead TSSOP
LIMITED WARRANTY Devices sold by Xicor, Inc. are covered by the warranty and patent indemnication provisions appearing in its Terms of Sale only. Xicor, Inc. makes no warranty, express, statutory, implied, or by description regarding the information set forth herein or regarding the freedom of the described devices from patent infringement. Xicor, Inc. makes no warranty of merchantability or tness for any purpose. Xicor, Inc. reserves the right to discontinue production and change specications and prices at any time and without notice. Xicor, Inc. assumes no responsibility for the use of any circuitry other than circuitry embodied in a Xicor, Inc. product. No other circuits, patents, licenses are implied. U.S. PATENTS Xicor products are covered by one or more of the following U.S. Patents: 4,263,664; 4,274,012; 4,300,212; 4,314,265; 4,326,134; 4,393,481; 4,404,475; 4,450,402; 4,486,769; 4,488,060; 4,520,461; 4,533,846; 4,599,706; 4,617,652; 4,668,932; 4,752,912; 4,829, 482; 4,874, 967; 4,883, 976. Foreign patents and additional patents pending. LIFE RELATED POLICY In situations where semiconductor component failure may endanger life, system designers using this product should design the system with appropriate error detection and correction, redundancy and back-up features to prevent such an occurence. XicorOs products are not authorized for use in critical components in life support devices or systems. 1. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems which, (a) are intended for surgical implant into the body, or (b) support or sustain life, and whose failure to perform, when properly used in accordance with instructions for use provided in the labeling, can be reasonably expected to result in a signicant injury to the user. 2. A critical component is any component of a life support device or system whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to cause the failure of the life support device or system, or to affect its safety or effectiveness. #

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