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| UCC3952-1, UCC3952-2, UCC3952-3, UCC3952-4 Single Cell Lithium Ion Battery Protection IC SLUS400B- JULY 2000 D Protects Sensitive Lithium-Ion Cells From D D D D D D D D Overcharging and Over-Discharging Dedicated for One-Cell Applications Integrated Low-Impedance MOSFET Switch and Sense Resistor Precision Trimmed Overcharge and Overdischarge Voltage Limits Extremely Low Power Drain 3-A Current Capacity Overcurrent and Short-Circuit Protection Reverse Charger Protection Thermal Protection TCLK NC BNEG BNEG BNEG BNEG BNEG BNEG 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 PW PACKAGE (TOP VIEW) 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 DP PACKAGE (TOP VIEW) PACK+ CBPS NC PACK- PACK- PACK- PACK- PACK- description The UCC3952 is a monolithic BiCMOS lithium- ion battery protection circuit designed to enhance the useful operating life of a one-cell rechargeable battery pack. Cell protection features include internally trimmed charge and discharge voltage limits, discharge current limit with a delayed shutdown, and an ultra-low-current sleep mode state when the cell is discharged. Additional features include an on-chip MOSFET for reduced external component count and a charge pump for reduced power losses while charging or discharging a low-cell-voltage battery pack. This protection circuit requires one external capacitor and can operate and safely shut down in a short circuit condition. TCLK NC BNEG BNEG BNEG BNEG BNEG BNEG 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 PACK+ CBPS NC PACK- PACK- PACK- PACK- PACK- GSH PACKAGE (TOP VIEW) NC TCLK PACK+ 17 1 18 NC BNEG BNEG BNEG BNEG NC 16 15 14 13 12 11 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 CBPS NC PACK- PACK- PACK- 10 BNEG BNEG PACK- Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet. PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date. Products conform to specifications per the terms of Texas Instruments standard warranty. Production processing does not necessarily include testing of all parameters. Copyright (c) 2000, Texas Instruments Incorporated POST OFFICE BOX 655303 * DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 PACK- 1 UCC3952-1, UCC3952-2, UCC3952-3, UCC3952-4 Single Cell Lithium Ion Battery Protection IC SLUS400B- JULY 2000 application diagram 1 + 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 TCLK 3 k N/C BNEG BNEG BNEG BNEG BNEG PACK - PACK - PACK - PACK - PACK - 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 PACK + CBPS 0.1F CHARGER LOAD BNEG PACK - AVAILABLE OPTIONS PACKAGES TA TSSOP-16 (PW) UCC3952-1PW -25C to 70 C UCC3952-2PW UCC3952-3PW UCC3952-4PW Contact your local TI sales office for availablity. SOIC-16 (DP) UCC3952-1DP UCC3952-2DP UCC3952-3DP UCC3952-4DP BCC-18 (GSH) UCC3952-1GSH UCC3952-2GSH UCC3952-3GSH UCC3952-4GSH 2 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 * DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 UCC3952-1, UCC3952-2, UCC3952-3, UCC3952-4 Single Cell Lithium Ion Battery Protection IC SLUS400B- JULY 2000 absolute maximum ratings over operating free-air temperature (unless otherwise noted) Supply voltage (PACK+ to BNEG) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 V Maximum forward voltage (PACK+ to PACK-) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 V Maximum reverse voltage (where PACK+ to BNEG = 5V) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -8 V Maximum cell continuous charge current . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 A Junction temperature, TJ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -55C to 150C Storage Temperature range, Tstg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -65C to 150C Stresses beyond those listed under "absolute maximum ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under "recommended operating conditions" is not implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. NOTE 1: Currents are positive into, negative out of the specified terminal. Consult Packaging Section of Data Book for thermal limitations and considerations of packages. All voltages are referenced to GND. electrical characteristics, TA = -20C to 70C, all voltages are with respect to BNEG (unless otherwise stated) state transition threshold PARAMETER UCC3952-1 UCC3952-2 V(OV) Normal to overcharge voltage UCC3952-3 UCC3952-4 UCC3952-1 V(OVR) Overcharge to normal recovery voltage g UCC3952-2 UCC3952-3 UCC3952-4 V(UV) V(UVR) td(OV) Normal to undercharge Undercharge to normal recovery Overcharge delay time TEST CONDITIONS MIN 4.15 4.20 4.25 4.30 3.85 3.90 3.95 4.00 2.25 2.55 10 TYP 4.20 4.25 4.30 4.35 3.90 3.95 4.00 4.05 2.35 2.65 25 MAX 4.25 4.30 4.35 4.40 3.95 4.00 4.05 4.10 2.45 2.75 40 V V ms V V UNITS short circuit protection PARAMETER I(THLD) td(DLY) R(RESET) Discharge current limit Discharge current delay Discharge current reset resistance TEST CONDITIONS PACK+ = 3.7 mV PACK+ = 3.7 mV, PACK+ = 3.7 mV II = 6 A MIN 3.0 1 7.5 TYP MAX 6.0 3.0 UNITS A ms m bias PARAMETER IDD IDD(OV) I(SD) V(min) Supply current Operating supply current in overvoltage Shutdown current Minimum cell voltage when all circuits are fully functional TEST CONDITIONS V(UV) < V(PACK) < V(OV) V(OV) < V(PACK) V(PACK) = 2.0 V MIN TYP 5 11 MAX 8 24 2.5 1.7 UNITS A A A V POST OFFICE BOX 655303 * DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 3 UCC3952-1, UCC3952-2, UCC3952-3, UCC3952-4 Single Cell Lithium Ion Battery Protection IC SLUS400B- JULY 2000 electrical characteristics, TA = -20C to 70C, all voltages are with respect to BNEG (unless otherwise stated) (continued) FET switch PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS PACK+ > VOV , I(SWITCH) = 1 mA to 2 A, Battery overcharged state switch permits discharge current only. V(PACK-) Voltage at PACK PACK- PACK+ = 2.5V, I(SWITCH) = -1 mA to -2 A, Battery overdischarged state switch permits charge current only. PACK+ = 2.5 V, In normal mode (when not in OV or UV). This value includes package and bondwire resistance. MIN TYP MAX UNITS 100 400 mV -600 -100 mV RON Series resistance of the device 50 75 thermal shutdown PARAMETER T(SD) Thermal shutdown temperature (see Note 2) TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP 135 MAX UNITS C NOTE 2: This parameter is ensured by design and is not production tested. detailed description pin descriptions BNEG Connect the negative terminal of the battery to this pin. PACK+ Connect to the positive terminal of the battery. This pin is available to the user. CBPS This power supply bypass pin is connected to PACK+ through an internal 3-k resistor. An external 0.1-F capacitor must be connected between this pin and BNEG. PACK- The negative terminal of the battery pack (negative terminal available to the user). The internal FET switch connects this terminal to the BNEG terminal to give the battery pack user appropriate access to the battery. In an overcharged state, only discharge current is permitted. In an overdischarged state, only charge current is permitted. SUB (DP Package Only) Do not connect. These pins must be electrically isolated from all other pins. The SUB pins may be soldered to an isolated copper pad for heatsinking. However, most applications do not require heatsinking. TCLK Production test mode pin. This pin is used to provide a high-frequency clock to the IC during production testing. In an application, this pin is left unconnected or tied to BNEG. 4 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 * DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 UCC3952-1, UCC3952-2, UCC3952-3, UCC3952-4 Single Cell Lithium Ion Battery Protection IC SLUS400B- JULY 2000 APPLICATION INFORMATION PACK+ 16 3k CBPS 15 V UV V UVR 4-1 MUX THRESHOLD COMPARATOR SEL 1.5V UV CLK BNEG BNEG BNEG BNEG BNEG BNEG PACK- PACK- PACK- PACK- PACK- PACK- 3 4 5 V PUMP 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 THERMAL SHUTDOW N 2M 50mV 50mV RST SYSTEM CLOCK GENERATOR TDLS 1mS SETD OV STATE MACHINE LOGIC T DEL 10mS T DEL 1SEC V OVR TCLK N/C 1 2 V OV Figure 1. Detailed Block Diagram battery voltage monitoring The battery cell voltage is sampled every 8 ms by connecting a resistor divider across it and comparing the resulting voltage to a precision internal reference voltage. Under normal conditions (cell voltage is below overvoltage threshold and above undervoltage threshold), the UCC3952 consumes less than 10 A of current and the internal MOSFET is fully turned on with the aid of a charge pump. When the cell voltage falls below the undervoltage threshold for two consecutive samples, the IC disconnects the load from the battery pack and enters a super-low-power mode. The pack remains in this state until it detects the application of a charger, at which point charging is enabled. The requirement of two consecutive readings below the undervoltage threshold filters out momentary drops in cell voltage due to load transients, preventing nuisance trips. If the cell voltage exceeds the overvoltage threshold for 1 second, charging is disabled; however, discharge current is still allowed. This feature of the IC is explained further in the controlled charge/discharge mode section of this document. POST OFFICE BOX 655303 * DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 5 UCC3952-1, UCC3952-2, UCC3952-3, UCC3952-4 Single Cell Lithium Ion Battery Protection IC SLUS400B- JULY 2000 APPLICATION INFORMATION overcurrent monitoring and protection Discharge current is continuously monitored via an internal sense resistor. In the event of excessive current, an overcurrent condition is declared if the high current (over 3 A) persists for over 1 ms. This delay allows for charging of the system bypass capacitors without tripping the overcurrent protection. A 0.1-F capacitor on the CBPS pin provides momentary holdup for the IC to assure proper operation in the event that a hard short suddenly pulls the cell voltage below the minimum operating voltage. Once an overcurrent condition has been declared, the internal MOSFET turns off. The only way to return the pack to normal operation is to remove the load by unplugging the pack from the system. The overcurrent is reset when an internal pulldown brings PACK- to within 50 mV of BNEG. At this point, the pack returns to its normal state of operation. controlled charge/discharge mode When the chip senses an overvoltage condition, it prevents any additional charging, but allows discharge. This is accomplished by activating a linear control loop, which controls the gate of the MOSFET based on the differential voltage across its drain-to-source terminals. The linear loop attempts to regulate the differential voltage across the MOSFET to 100 mV. When a light load is applied to the part, the loop adjusts the impedance of the MOSFET to maintain 100 mV across it. As the load increases, the impedance of the MOSFET is decreased to maintain the 100-mV control. At heavy loads (still below the overcurrent limit), the loop does not maintain regulation and drives the gate of the MOSFET to the battery voltage (not the charge-pump output voltage). The MOSFET RDS(on) in the overvoltage state is higher than RDS(on) during normal operation. The voltage drop (and associated power loss) across the internal MOSFET in this mode of operation is still significantly lower than the typical solution of two external back-to-back MOSFETs, where the body diode is conducting. When the chip senses an undervoltage condition, it disconnects the load from the battery pack and shuts itself down to minimize current drain from the battery. Several circuits remain powered and detect placement of the battery pack into a charger. Once the charger presence is detected, the linear loop is activated and the chip allows charging current into the battery. This linear control mode of operation is in effect until the battery voltage reaches a level of VUVR , at which time normal operation is resumed. 6 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 * DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 IMPORTANT NOTICE Texas Instruments and its subsidiaries (TI) reserve the right to make changes to their products or to discontinue any product or service without notice, and advise customers to obtain the latest version of relevant information to verify, before placing orders, that information being relied on is current and complete. All products are sold subject to the terms and conditions of sale supplied at the time of order acknowledgment, including those pertaining to warranty, patent infringement, and limitation of liability. TI warrants performance of its semiconductor products to the specifications applicable at the time of sale in accordance with TI's standard warranty. Testing and other quality control techniques are utilized to the extent TI deems necessary to support this warranty. Specific testing of all parameters of each device is not necessarily performed, except those mandated by government requirements. Customers are responsible for their applications using TI components. In order to minimize risks associated with the customer's applications, adequate design and operating safeguards must be provided by the customer to minimize inherent or procedural hazards. TI assumes no liability for applications assistance or customer product design. TI does not warrant or represent that any license, either express or implied, is granted under any patent right, copyright, mask work right, or other intellectual property right of TI covering or relating to any combination, machine, or process in which such semiconductor products or services might be or are used. TI's publication of information regarding any third party's products or services does not constitute TI's approval, warranty or endorsement thereof. Copyright (c) 2000, Texas Instruments Incorporated |
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