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U2514B
One-Chip AM/FM Receiver IC for Digital Tuning
Description
The U2514B is an integrated bipolar radio circuit suitable for digital tuning systems. It contains an FM front end with pre-amplifier and FM-stereo decoder as well as a complete AM receiver and demodulator. Stop-signal generation is implemented for FM and AM mode. This circuit is designed for use in small radios, power packs and multimedia applications
Features
D D D D D
FM wideband AGC LO-buffer for digital tuning Integrated stop-signal generation for AM and FM Adjustable stop-signal sensitivity Automatic stereo-mono blend
D D D D
High cut Mute function Pilot canceller Supply voltage range 3 to 12 V
Block Diagram
FMOSCE FMOSCB FMRF 6 28 FMIN 2 FMAGC 8 OSCOUT GNDRF 4 AM/FM stopsignal detect 20 Pilot PLL 23 CTRLB 27 1 AMIN AM front end AM IF and demodulator Control unit VS V Ref GND 16 7 AMOSC IFOUT 10 12 FMIFIN AMIFIN 13 17 METER 9 22 26 AMFM 14 VREF
12305
AFSM FMDET 15 11 MPXOUT 25 MPXIN 24 Stereo decoder and HCC 18 OUTR 19 OUTL 21 LPF
5
3
FM front end
FM IF and demodulator
CERES
CTRLA AMSADJ
Figure 1. Block diagram
Ordering Information
Extended Type Number U2514B-M U2514B-MFN U2514B-MFNG3 Package DIP28 SSO28 SSO28 Remarks Tube Tube Taped and reeled according to ICE-286-3
Rev. A6, 23-Jun-99
1 (25)
U2514B
Pin Description
Pin 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 FMOSCB 6 AMOSC 7 OSCOUT 8 AMSADJ 9 IFOUT 10 AFSM 11 23 CTRLB 22 CTRLA 21 LPF 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 Function AM antenna input FM AGC time constant FM RF tank Ground RF FM oscillator emitter FM oscillator basis AM oscillator Buffered AM/FM oscillator output AMSADJ Current input for AM stop-signal adjustment IFOUT AM/FM IF output AFSM AF smoothing voltage FMIFIN FM IF amplifier input AMIFIN AM IF amplifier input VREF Reference voltage FMDET FM discriminator output GND Ground METER Field-strength output OUTR AF output right OUTL AF output left CERES Resonator 456 kHz LPF Lowpass filter for pilot-PLL CTRLA Control input for mute, search mode and search sensitivity CTRLB Control input for forced mono, control output for stop function and stereo information MPXIN Stereo decoder MPX input MPXOUT AM/FM MPX output AMFM AM/FM switch and pilot canceller time constant VS Supply voltage FMIN FM antenna input Symbol AMIN FMAGC FMRF GNDRF FMOSCE FMOSCB AMOSC OSCOUT
AMIN 1 FMAGC 2 FMRF GNDRF FMOSCE 3 4 5
28 FMIN 27 VS 26 AMFM 25 MPXOUT 24 MPXIN
20 CERES 19 18 17 16 15
10547
OUTL OUTR METER GND FMDET
FMIFIN 12 AMIFIN 13 VREF 14
Figure 2. Pinning
24 25 26 27 28
2 (25)
Rev. A6, 23-Jun-99
U2514B
Pin Description with Typical DC Values
Pin 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 Symbol AMIN FMAGC FMRF GNDRF FMOSCE FMOSCB AMOSC OSCOUT AMSADJ IFOUT AFSM FMIFIN AMIFIN VREF FMDET GND METER OUTR OUTL CERES LPF CTRLA AM antenna input FM AGC time constant FM RF tank Ground RF FM oscillator emitter FM oscillator basis AM oscillator Buffered AM/FM oscillator output Current input for AM stop-signal adjustment AM/FM IF output AF smoothing FM IF amplifier input AM IF amplifier input Reference voltage output FM discriminator Ground Field-strength output AF output right AF output left Ceramic resonator 456 kHz for AM search and for pilot-PLL in FM mode Lowpass filter for pilot-PLL AM Lowpass filter for pilot-PLL AM search and FM Control input for mute, search mode and search sensitivity Control input for forced mono , Control output for stop function, mono / stereo information Stereo decoder MPX input AM/FM MPX output AM/FM switch and pilot canceller time constant Supply-voltage input FM antenna input Function AM VRef VRef High impedance GND VRef - 2 VBE / 0 A VRef - VBE / 0 A VRef / in 0.3 mA VRef / in 0.3 mA AMsearch = VBE AM = 0.1 V VS / in 50 mA 0.8 to 1.2 V VBE to GND / 0 A 3.3 kW to VRef VRef = 2.4 V VRef / 1 GND 0 to 2.3 V 0 to 2.3 V / 0.15 mA 0 to 2.3 V / 0.15 mA 0.1 to 2.3 V 0.2 V 0.5 to 2 V 0 to VRef 0.1 V to VS 30 kW 0.8 V 0.8 to 1.2 V GND 3 to 12 V / in 5 mA VRef - VBE / 0 A 0.5 to 2 V 0 to VRef 0.1 V to VS 30 kW 0.8 V 1.2 V 1.54 V 3 to 12 V / in 9 mA 1.5 V FM High impedance VRef - 80 mV VS / 0 to 1 mA GND 0.95 V 1.7 V High impedance VRef / in 0.7 mA 0.1 V VS / in 0.4 mA 1.2 V VBE to GND 3.3 kW to VRef VRef = 2.4 V VRef / 0 A GND 0 to 2 V 0 to 2.3 V / 0.15 mA 0 to 2.3 V / 0.15 mA 0.1 to 2.3 V
mA
23 24 25 26 27 28
CTRLB MPXIN MPXOUT AMFM VS FMIN
Rev. A6, 23-Jun-99
3 (25)
U2514B
Pin Description
FMIN, FMAGC, FMRF
V FMAGC ( V ) 2.30 2.25
3
VRef
FMRF
MIXER
2.20 2.15 2.10 2.05
FMAGC T1 T2 2
I AGC
13861
2.00 1.95 50 70 90 110 130 VFMANT ( dBmV )
FMIN 28
1.5 k
FMON 1.0 0.9 0.8
12414
Figure 4. FM AGC characteristic
GNDRF
Figure 3.
I FMRF ( mA )
0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 50 60 70 80 90 100 110
The FM preamplifier input FMIN (Pin 28) consists of a transistor-grounded base circuit (T2) which provides excellent noise performance and large signal behavior. It is recommended to connect a source impedance of 100 W in order to achieve optimal performance. The dc current through the amplifying transitor is reduced by the internal AGC. This means in the case of large input signals, the input ac current is bypassed via the wideband AGC transistor (T1). A capacitor is connected between FMAGC (Pin 2) and GNDRF (Pin 4). It shortens the transistor base to GNDRF (Pin 4) and smoothes the AGC voltage. A tuned RF circuit is connected between FMRF (Pin 3) and VS (Pin 27). The amplified RF signal is fed internally to the mixer input.
13875
VFMRF ( dBmV )
Figure 5. FM AGC characteristic
2.4 2.3 VFMAGC ( V ) 2.2 2.1 2.0 1.9 50
13859
60
70
80
90
100
110
VFMRF ( dBmV )
Figure 6. FM AGC characteristic
4 (25)
Rev. A6, 23-Jun-99
U2514B
FMOSCE, FMOSCB AMIN
FMOSCB 6 FMOSCE 5 GNDRF
Figure 7.
VRef
AMIN
1.2 k 1
FMON
12415
IAGC GNDRF
12417
The FM local oscillator consists of a transistor in grounded-collector configuration. The negative resistance at the base of the transistor is generated by an external capacitor connected between emitter FMOSCE (Pin 5) and GNDRF (Pin 4). Another external capacitor is connected between base FMOSCB (Pin 6) and emitter FMOSCE (Pin 5) which increases the resistance at the emitter and leads to a higher oscillator swing. The negative resistance at FMOSCB (Pin 6) is approximately 250 W. Therefore, the resonant LO tank resistance of approximately 5 kW (depends on the Q-factor of the coil) is transformed to this magnitude via a capacitor.
Figure 9.
The AM antenna coil is connected between AMIN (Pin 1) and VREF (Pin 14). In order to ensure that the AGC operates correctly, a coil impedance of approximately 25 kW is necessary.
OSCOUT
8 OSCOUT
I AMIN ( mA )
1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0
FM
AM
12416
Figure 8.
A resistor is connected between OSCOUT (Pin 8) and VREF (Pin 14). It determines the amplitude of the oscillator voltage which is fed to the PLL circuit. The TEMIC PLL familiy U428xBM is recommended as members of this family offer high signal-to-noise ratio and low current consumption.
1
13860
1.5
2.0 VMETER ( V )
2.5
Figure 10. AM AGC characteristic
Rev. A6, 23-Jun-99
5 (25)
U2514B
AMOSC
7 AMOSC 8 OSCOUT
AMSADJ
12418
9
AMSADJ
VRef
GND 3k
AMON
Figure 13.
12419
GNDRF
Figure 11.
The AM oscillator has to be loaded by an external tank referred to VREF (Pin 14).
IFOUT
10 IFOUT
The ceramic resonator of the stereo decoder PLL circuit is used as a stop-signal detector for AM signals. For this purpose, the parallel resonance frequency of the resonator, which is unloaded about 456 kHz, is reduced by an internal load capacitor to 455 kHz. Therefore, the AM IF must be 455 kHz. The internal loading capacitor is defined by the current through AMSADJ (Pin 9) to GND. An external resistor is connected between AMSADJ (Pin 9) and VREF. It permits the alignment of the stop-signal center frequency. The width of the stop window is typically 1.2 kHz. If AM search mode is not activated, the pin is internally pulled to ground.
457.5 457.0 f CERES ( kHz )
FM
AM
AFSM = 1.2 V 456.5 456.0 455.5 455.0 0 5 10 15 20 25
12420
Figure 12.
The IF output (IFOUT, Pin 10) of both the FM and the AM mixer has to be loaded into external IF-tank circuits referred to VREF (Pin 14). The Q-factor of IF coils must not be lower than 50.
13873
IAMSADJ ( mA )
Figure 14. Pulling characteristic
6 (25)
Rev. A6, 23-Jun-99
U2514B
AMIFIN FMDET
VRef VRef
3.3 k 13 AMIFIN
12421
15 FMDET
Figure 15. Figure 17.
12422
The input impedance of the AM IF amplifier is 3.3 kW according to the required impedance of most ceramic filters. The input refers to VREF (Pin 14).
An LC tank is connected between FMDET and VREF. The discriminator coil has to be adjusted so that the voltage at AFSM is 1.2 V at 10.7 MHz to ensure that the FM stop signal is generated correctly
FMIFIN
AFSM
25 MPXOUT 11 AFSM
40 mA 100 k 12 FMIFIN
12423
GND
Figure 18. Figure 16.
12424
The input impedance of the FM IF amplifier is 330 W according to the required impedance of most FM ceramic filters. The input referes to GND (Pin 16).
A capacitor is connected between AFSM (Pin 11) and GND for smoothing the FM AF. As the deviation of the FM signal (75 kHz) might be greater than the stop-signal window (42 kHz), the FM-AF smoothing is necessary in order to generate a modulation-independent stop signal. In AM search mode, the external capacitor smoothes the FM demodulated AM IF signal.
Rev. A6, 23-Jun-99
7 (25)
U2514B
METER
VRef
12425
CTRLB
VS
30 k 23
1.2 V
CTRLB
FM AM
12447
GND
Figure 21.
17 METER
Figure 19.
This pin is driven by a current corresponding to the level of the FM- or AM IF signal. The required external load consists of a resistor (150 kW) in parallel with an external capacitor (e.g., 10 mF necessary to achieve a good THD in AM mode). The voltage at this pin controls the high cut and mono/ stereo blend function in reception mode. These functions can be affected by the designer by choosing different values of the load resistor.
The signal at the output CTRLB (Pin 23) indicates stereo or mono reception: stereo reception if the voltage is higher than 1.2 V, otherwise mono. Furthermore, it is possible to force the receiver circuit to mono by applying an external control voltage < 0.8 V at CTRLB. If search mode is selected, the low active stop signal appears at CTRLB. If the output CTRLB is connected directly to the I/O-port of the microcontroller, the high level of CTRLB has to be adapted by connecting a resistor between CTRLB and GND.
VREF
An internal voltage regulator generates a stable reference voltage of 2.4 V which is needed for all function blocks of the IC. An external capacitor has to be connected to GND in order to achieve stability and noise suppression.
CTRLA
22 CTRLA
12448
AMFM
26 GND
Figure 20.
AMFM
12454
Reception mode, search mode, and mute function as well as search sensitivity can be selected by applying a control voltage at CTRLA (Pin 22). If the control voltage is higher than 0.8 V, the receiver circuit is in reception mode, otherwise it is in search mode. When reducing the control voltage to a value between 1.3 and 0.8 V, the AF level output at OUTR, OUTL (Pins 18 and 19) is reduced (mute function). In search mode (0.7 to 0 V), the voltage value determines the degree of the search sensitivity.
Figure 22.
By applying GND (VAMFM < 1.1 V) at AMFM (Pin 26), the receiver circuit is switched to AM mode. If Pin AMFM is open, FM mode is selected. This switching function can easily be performed by a microcontroller with "open-drain" I/O-ports. A capacitor has to be connected between AMFM and GND for FM mode operation. It serves for smoothing the control voltage of the pilot canceller.
8 (25)
Rev. A6, 23-Jun-99
U2514B
CERES MPXIN
24
VRef
10 k
MPXIN
20 CERES 50 k
12452
60 k
Figure 25.
GND
12449
The MPX signal is applied to MPXIN (Pin 24) and is fed to the stereo decoder. The input resistance into Pin 24 is approximately 10 kW. It is recommended to align the channel separation by an RC network between MPXIN and MPXOUT (Pin 25) due to the tolerances in group delay of the IF filter.
Figure 23.
MPXOUT
VRef
A ceramic resonator of 456 kHz parallel resonance frequency (at 30 pF chip-internal load capacitance) is connected between CERES (Pin 20) and GND (necessary for the pilot regeneration). It should be mounted very close to Pin 20 in order to avoid spurious radiation. In AM (VAMFM < 1.1 V) search (VCTRLA < 0.8 V) mode, the resonator is used for stop-signal generation. The parallel resonance frequency is then reduced to 455 kHz by adjusting the current into AMSADJ (Pin 9).
25 MPXOUT
GND
Figure 26.
12451
LPF
25 k
VRef
In order to drive both the compensation network to MPXIN (Pin 24) and an optional RDS decoder, the MPXOUT (Pin 25) has a low output impedance. The DC level is 1.2 V in FM mode (depending on the discriminator coil alignment) and 0.8 to 1.2 V in AM mode (depending on the signal level).
21 LPF
OUTR/OUTL
VRef
18,19
12450
OUTL OUTR
Figure 24. Figure 27.
12453
A PLL circuit is used for the pilot regeneration of the stereo decoder. Therefore, a loop filter consisting of an RC network is connected between LPF (Pin 21) and GND. Rev. A6, 23-Jun-99
The open-collector output of OUTR/OUTL (Pins 18 and 19) requires an external resistor of about 5.1 kW to ground. The deemphasis may be achieved by an additional parallel capacitor. 9 (25)
U2514B
Functional Description
FM
The antenna signal is fed via a tuned RF circuit to the integrated pre-stage which consists of a transistorgrounded base circuit. To protect the pre-stage against overload, an automatic gain control (AGC) is included on the chip. A tuned RF circuit on the collector is necessary for amplifying and filtering the FM signal which is fed internally to the mixer. It consists of a double-balanced Gilbert Cell. The LO signal is generated by an integrated oscillator. The buffered LO signal is used to drive a PLL. The IF signal (10.7 MHz) is coupled out at the mixer's output and fed via a ceramic filter to the demodulator. The demodulated AF signal is available at MPXOUT.
Search Mode
The search mode is selected by applying a control voltage less than 0.8 V at pin CTRLA. The search sensitivity can be chosen by varying the control voltage in the range of 0.1 to 0.8 V. If the control voltage is 0.1 V, the highest sensitivity is achieved.
45 40 35 VFMANT ( dBmV ) 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 0
13850
AM
The antenna signal is fed directly to the mixer. The antenna impedance must be higher than 25 kWW ensure to correct operation of the level control in case of large signals. The LO signal is generated by an integrated oscillator. The buffered LO signal is used to drive the PLL. If AM search mode is required, the IF must be 455 kHz. The IF output signal is fed via a ceramic filter to the demodulator. The demodulated AF signal is available at MPXOUT.
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
VCTRLA ( V )
Figure 29. Adjustable FM stop-signal sensitivity
70 60
CTRLA
By applying a control voltage at pin CTRLA, the mode of the receiver can be selected.
Mode
12593
VAMIN ( dB mV )
50 40 30 20 10 0
Reception
13851
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
VCTRLA ( V )
Mute
Figure 30. Adjustable AM stop-signal sensitivity
Search VCTRLA 0.8 V 1.3 V 2.4 V
Reception Mode
In reception mode, muting is possible by varying the control voltage in the range of 1.4 to 0.8 V. If the control voltage is 0.8 V, the highest mute depth is achieved.
Figure 28.
10 (25)
Rev. A6, 23-Jun-99
U2514B
0 -5 -10 Output ratio ( dB ) -15 -20 -25 -30 -35 -40 -45 -50 0
13852
5 0 -5 Output ratio ( dB ) -10 -15 -20 -25 -30 -35 -40 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6
13853
OUTL fmod = 1 kHz
OUTR unmodulated
-45 0.9
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
VCTRLA ( V )
VCTRLB ( V )
Figure 31. Mute function
Figure 33. Forced mono function
12592
CTRLB
The output CTRLB indicates whether the receiver is operating in mono or stereo mode.
VCTRLB VCTRLB
mono
stereo
t STOP
Figure 34.
20 VFMANT (dBmV)
In search mode (VCTRLA < 0.8 V), the internally generated stop signal is available at CTRLB as low active signal.
0.30 0.25
VCTRLB
mono
stereo
VMETER- V CTRLA( V )
0.20 0.15 0.10 0.05 0.00 -0.05 1.05 Stop signal generated
24
VFMANT (dBmV)
13876
Figure 32.
1.10
1.15
1.20
1.25
1.30
1.35
13846
VAFSM ( V )
If a control voltage less than 1.1 V is applied at CTRLB, the receiver is forced to mono.
Figure 35. Stop signal in AM search mode
Rev. A6, 23-Jun-99
11 (25)
U2514B
Stop Signal Conditions
VMETER( V )
If both conditions
VCTRLA
for AM:
VMETER > VCTRLA 90 kW R8 at Pin 17
for FM : V METER
uV
CTRLA
-100 -2
13849
-50 -1
0 0
50 1
100 (FM) 2 (AM)
Df
( kHz )
Figure 36. Field-strength tuning characteristic
1.5 1.4 VAFSM ( V ) 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.0 -100 -2
13848
and 1.1 V < VAFSM < 1.3 V for AM: current adjust into AMSADJ for fCERES = 455 kHz detector coil adjust to VAFSM = 1.2 V for 10.7 MHz
for FM:
-50 -1
0 0
50 1
100 (FM) 2 (AM)
Df
( kHz )
Figure 37. Smoothed S-curve
are fulfilled,
VCTRLB ( V )
a stop signal is generated.
-100 -2
13847
-50 -1
0 0
50 1
100 (FM) 2 (AM)
Df
( kHz )
Figure 38. Stop signal
12 (25)
Rev. A6, 23-Jun-99
U2514B
Typical Characteristics (Tamb = 25C, unless otherwise specified)
2.45 2.43 V Ref ( V ) 2.41 AM mode 2.39 FM mode 2.37 2.35 3
13855
2.45 2.43 VRef ( V ) 9 VS ( V ) 11 13
13854
2.41 2.39 2.37 2.35
5
7
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Tj ( C )
Figure 39. Supply-voltage characteristic of VRef
10.0 9.9 9.8 9.7 9.6 9.5 9.4 9.3 9.2 9.1 9.0 3
13856
Figure 42. Temperature characteristic of VRef
2.5 2.4 2.3 V Ref ( V ) 2.2 2.1 2.0 1.9 1.8 -10 -8
13858
FM mode
I S ( mA )
FM mode
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
8
VS ( V )
IRef ( mA )
Figure 40. Supply-current characteristic
5.5 5.4 5.3 5.2 I S ( mA ) 5.1 5.0 4.9 4.8 4.7 4.6 4.5 3
13857
Figure 43. Load characteristic of VRef
5
50 ms (VMETER>0.3 V)
0 Output ratio ( dB ) -5 -10 -15 -20 -25 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
13869 50 ms and HCC (VMETER=0.1 V)
AM mode
100
VS ( V )
1000 fmod ( Hz )
10000
Figure 41. Supply-current characteristic
Figure 44. High-cut control (HCC)
Rev. A6, 23-Jun-99
13 (25)
U2514B
10 0 -10 Output ratio ( dB ) -20 -30 -40 -50 -60
noise only Pilot 22.5 kHz / 1 kHz 75 kHz / 1 kHz
10 8 6 4 2 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 120
13868
-70 -80
13866
Distortion + noise ( % )
STEREO dev. = 75 kHz fmod =1 kHz
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
VFMANT ( dBmV )
VFMANT ( dBmV )
Figure 45. FM signal and noise characteristic
10
75 kHz / 1 kHz
Figure 48. FM signal and noise characteristic
10 5 0 Output ratio ( dB ) -5 -10 -15 -20 -25 -30 -35 dev. = 40 kHz 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 -40 -10
13871 (R) unmodulated (R = L) fmod 1 kHz
Output ratio at MPXOUT ( dB )
0 -10 -20 -30 -40 -50 -60 -70 -80 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120
noise 22.5 kHz / 1 kHz
(L) 1 kHz
13867
VFMANT ( dBmV )
VFMANT ( dBmV )
Figure 46. FM signal and noise characteristic
10 Distortion + noise at MPXOUT ( % ) 8 6 4 2 0 0
13874
Figure 49. Channel-separation characteristic
10
Distortion + noise ( % )
dev. = 75 kHz fmod = 1 kHz
8 6
(R) unmodulated
dev. = 40 kHz 4 2
(L) modulated
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
13870
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
VFMANT ( dBmV )
VFMANT ( dBmV )
Figure 47. FM distortion and noise characteristic at MPXOUT
Figure 50. Transition from mono to stereo
14 (25)
Rev. A6, 23-Jun-99
U2514B
2.0 1.8 1.6 R METER= 150 kW V METER ( V ) 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 0
13864
14 12 10
mA )
METER(
1.4
8 6 4 2 0
20
40
60
80
100
120
13863
I
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
VFMANT ( dBmV )
VFMANT ( dBmV )
Figure 51. FM field-strength characteristic
2.5 2.0 VMETER( V ) 1.5 1.0 0.5 0 0
13862
Figure 54. FM field-strength characteristic
10 9 Distortion + noise ( % ) 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 AM = 80% fmod = 400 Hz
20
40
60
80
100
120
13865
20
40
60
80
100
120
VAMANT ( dBmV )
VAMANT ( dBmV )
Figure 52. AM field-strength characteristic
10 0 -10 Output ratio ( dB ) -20 -30 -40 -50 -60 -70 -80 -20
13872 noise m = 30% / 400 Hz m = 80% / 400 Hz
Figure 55. AM distortion and noise characteristic
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
VAMANT ( dBmV )
Figure 53. AM signal and noise characteristic
Rev. A6, 23-Jun-99
15 (25)
U2514B
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Reference point Pin 16 and 4, unless otherwise specified Parameters Supply voltage Power dissipation Junction temperature Storage temperature Ambient temperature Electrostatic handling Symbol VS P Tj Tstg Tamb VESD Value 12 750 Unit V mW C C C V
)125 *25 to )125 *30 to )85
2000
Thermal Resistance
Parameters Junction ambient when soldered to PCB Symbol RthJA Value 125 Unit K/W
Electrical Characteristics
VS = 6 V, Tamb =)25C; reference point Pins 4 or 16, unless otherwise specified Parameters DC supply Supply-voltage range Supply current (AM) (FM) Reference output voltage CTRLA Pin 22 Input voltage Search mode Reception mode Mute function CTRLB Pin 23 Output voltage Mono Stereo Stop signal Low Stop window (AM) (FM) Input voltage forced mono AMFM Pin 26 Input voltage (AM) (FM) OSCOUT Pin 8 Output voltage (AM) (FM) DC current (AM) (FM) Test Conditions / Pins Pin 27 Pin 27 Pin 14 Symbol VS IS IS VRef VCTRLA 0 0.8 0.8 Reception mode VCTRLA > 0.8 V Search mode, VCTRLA < 0.8 V fcenter = 455 kHz adjusted at AMSADJ fcenter = 10.7 MHz, VAFSM = 1.2 V VCTRLB VCTRLB f f VCTRLB 0 0 1.2 0 1.2 42 1.1 0.7 VS 1.4 1.1 VS 0.6 V V V V V V kHz kHz V Min. 3.0 5 9 2.4 Typ. Max. 12.0 Unit V mA mA V
2.3
2.5
VAMFM open VOSCOUT fLO = 110 MHz, unloaded IOSCOUT
0
1.1
V
120 150 0.3 0.7
mVrms mVrms mA mA
16 (25)
Rev. A6, 23-Jun-99
U2514B
Parameters METER Pin 17 Usable meter range (FM) (AM) MPXOUT Pin 25 Output voltage (AM) Test Conditions / Pins (see figures 51 and 52) Symbol Min. Typ. 40 110 VMPXOUT Max. Unit dB dB
fAMANT =1 MHz, fmod = 1 kHz, m = 0.3 RAMANT = 25 kW, VCTRLA = 1.7 V, VAMANT = 20 dBmV VAMANT = 40 dBmV VAMANT = 100 dBmV Total distortion VAMANT = 100 dBmV Signal plus noise-to-noise VAMANT = 40 dBmV VAMANT = 100 dBmV Sensitivity (AM) (S+N)/N = 26 dB Output voltage (FM) fFMANT = 98 MHz, dev. = 75 kHz, fmod = 1 kHz Sensitivity (FM) (S+N)/N = 26 dB MPXIN Pin 24 Input resistance OUTL, OUTR Pin 18/19 AF output current dev. = 75 kHz, fmod = 1 kHz, VFMIN = 60 dBmV, fFMIN = 98 MHz DC Muting attenuation Channel separation Pilot-signal suppression 1 kHz / 100 mVrms Ripple rejection CERES Pin 20 PLL oscillator frequency FMRF Pin 3 Impedance f = 98 MHz DC current Voltage-gain preamplifier AGC threshold IFOUT Pin 10 DC current (AM) (FM) Conversion gain FMIFIN Pin 12 Input impedance AMIFIN Pin 13 Input resistor See figure 5 20 log (VFMRF/VFMANT) 3 dB compression
d (S+N)/N VAMANT VMPXOUT VFMANT RMPXIN IOUT IDC-OUT
35 54 66 0.7 27 47 38 220 12 10 15
mVrms mVrms mVrms % dB dB dBmV mVrms dBmV kW
mA mA
dB dB dB dB
aM aCH a19kHz aRip
150 40 26 28 50 456 6.7 9.5 1 16 66 50 0.4 20 330 3
fCERES Cp Rp IFMRF gPreamp VFMRF IIFOUT
kHz pF kW mA dB dBmV
20
log (VIFOUT/VFMIFIN)
gIFOUT rFMIFIN RAMIFIN
mA dB
mA W
kW
Rev. A6, 23-Jun-99
17 (25)
U2514B
Block Diagrams for Interface between U2514B and the Microcontroller
a) with external PLL (e.g., U4285BM)
U2514B
AMFM CRTLA CTRLB
L R
8
7
AMOSC
6
FMOSC
26
23 22
PLL U4285BM
SCL SDA
0
I/0
0
0 I/0
output (open drain) input/output (open drain)
Microcontroller
Figure 56.
b)
microcontroller with built-in PLL
U2514B
AMFM CRTLA CTRLB
L R
8
7
AMOSC
6
FMOSC
26
23 22
PLL
0
I/0
0
0 I/0
output (open drain) input/output (open drain)
Microcontroller
Figure 57.
18 (25)
Rev. A6, 23-Jun-99
U2514B
Microcontroller
VCC VS output open drain data out input/output open drain VCC R1 data out output open drain R C R2 CTRLA 22 C1 AMFM 26 30 k
U2514B
data in data out
CTRLB 23
I/0 Ports of microcontroller
Figure 58.
The search-mode sensitivity is adjustable at CTRLA by applying a DC voltage. This voltage can be generated by PWM and smoothed by the RC combination corresponding to figure 58.
Voutput PWM1
VCTRLA 0.1 V t
Voutput PWM2
Figure 59.
VCTRLA 0.6 V t
Rev. A6, 23-Jun-99
19 (25)
U2514B
Application Circuit with PLL
to Microcontroller VS FM Antenna AMFM CTRLB CTRLA C 10 C 11 C8 R6 C6 C5 C 30 C7 BPF 28 27 26 25 24 R 10 RP 1 CF1 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 R5 R7 R8 C 16 L2 R 11 OUTL C 12 OUTR C 13 METER C 14
U2514B
1 2 C 18 AM Ferrite antenna CD1 C3 C2 CT 1 CD5 R 17 CT 2 C 24 R 15 R 14 C 19
3
3
4 C 21
5 C 22
6
7
8 R 19
9
10 C 28
11
12
13
14
C 23 C 26 CD4 L4 R 16 BB814 3 3 4 L5 1 6 C 32 C 27 R 18 RP 3 1 1 3 4 L6 6 6 L7 4
CF2
CF3
C 29
R 13
CD3 BB814 C 20
L3
1
R 21
R2
C 31
C 25 VTFM VTAM LO
VS R 60 C 61 *) C 62 X *) C 63 C 64
C 65
R 62
C 66
R 61 16 15 14 13
C 67 12
C 68 11
20
19
18
17
C 72
C 73
U4285B
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
R 63 1 *) depending on x-crystal C 70 78L05 2 3 C 71
R 64
R 65
C 69
SCL
SDA
SWO1 SWO2 SWO3 SWO4
13844
Figure 60.
20 (25)
Rev. A6, 23-Jun-99
U2514B
Test Circuit
VS AMFM CTRLB CTRLA C10 C11 C8 R6 C6 C5 C30 C7 R10 RP1 CF1 RG1 VFMANT 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 R5 R7 R8 C16 L2 R11 OUTL C12 OUTR METER C13 C14
U2514B
1 2 C18 3 4 C21 5 C22 R19 C23 C26 L3 CD4 L4 R16 BB814 3 R18 C32 C17 C27 RP3 1 1 3 4 L6 6 6 L7 4 6 7 8 9 10 C28 CF2 CF3 R21 C29 11 12 13 14
Rres = 25 kW fres = 1 MHz
R14 R13
C19 CD3 BB814
RG2
R15
C20
1:4 VAMANT
CD5 R17
CT2 C24
C31
3 1
4 L5 6 C25
VRef
VTFM VTAM
LO
13845
Figure 61.
Rev. A6, 23-Jun-99
21 (25)
U2514B
Component List
C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 C10 C11 C12 C13 C14 C16 C17 C18 C19 C20 C21 C22 C23 C24 C25 C26 C27 C28 C29 C30 C31 C32 C61 C62 C63 C64 C65 C66 C67 C68 Figure 60 - 15 nF 10 pF - 100 nF 10 mF 470 nF 100 pF 6.8 nF 68 nF 10 nF 10 nF 10 mF 100 pF - 100 nF 2.2 nF 2.2 nF 10 pF 22 pF 10 pF 390 pF 100 mF 100 pF 180 pF 100 nF 100 nF 100 nF 15 pF 3.9 pF 100 mF depending on x-crystal depending on x-crystal 100 mF 100 nF 270 pF 10 nF 2.2 nF Figure 61 - - - - 100 nF 10 mF 470 nF 100 pF 6.8 nF 68 nF 10 nF 10 nF 10 mF 100 pF 2.2 nF 100 nF 2.2 nF 2.2 nF 10 pF 22 pF 10 pF 390 pF 100 mF 100 pF 180 pF 100 nF 100 nF 100 nF 15 pF 3.9 pF - - - - - - - - C69 C70 C71 C72 C73 CT1 CT2 CD1 CD3 CD4 CD5 CD8 R1 R2 R5 R6 R7 R8 R10 R11 R13 R14 R15 R16 R17 R18 R19 R21 R60 R61 R62 R63 R64 R65 RG1 RG2 RP1 RP3 X Figure 60 100 pF 100 nF 100 nF 100 mF 100 nF 15 pF 15 pF KV1591A-2 BB814 BB814 KV1591A-2 - - 100 kW 330 kW 5.1 kW 5.1 kW 150 kW 33 kW 6.8 kW 56 kW 56 kW 10 kW 10 kW 100 kW 470 W 10 kW 1.8 kW 220 W 56 kW 5.6 kW 22 W 12 kW 12 kW - - 20 kW 100 kW 4 MHz Figure 61 - - - - - - 15 pF - BB814 BB814 KV1591A - - - 330 kW 5.1 kW 5.1 kW 150 kW 33 kW 6.8 kW 56 kW 56 kW 10 kW 10 kW 100 kW 470 W 10 kW 1.8 kW - - - - - - 75 W 50 W 20 kW 100 kW -
22 (25)
Rev. A6, 23-Jun-99
U2514B
Recommended Coils and Filters for the U2514B Application
BPF L3 L4 L2 + C16 L6 + C26 FM antenna: FM RF: FM oscillator: FM discriminator: FM IF: CF1 ceramic resonator: CT2 FM ceramic IF filter: SOSHIN GFMB3 TOKO 7KL-TYPE 291ENS 2054 IB TOKO 7KL-TYPE 291ENS 2054 IB TOKO 7PH-TYPE A119ACS-19000Z TOKO 7PH-TYPE A119ACS-18999N MURATA CSB 456 F10 10.7 MHz, Bw 180 kHz or 150 kHz
L5 L7 + C27 CT3
AM oscillator: AM IF: AM ceramic IF filter: AM capacitance diodes: AM bar antenna:
TOKO 7P-TYPE A7BRS-12938X TOKO 7P-TYPE 7MC-312162NO 455 kHz TOKO KV1591A-2 Lw1 = 220 mH (59 turns, 10 0.04 mm flex wire) Rpw2 = 25 kW (23 turns) if w1-circuit is in resonance at 1 MHz Ferrite material: diameter 10 mm, length 80 mm
The U2514B Meets all FCC Standards
80 FM LO fundamental 70 FTZ LO fundamental 60 50 New FCC (after 1999) 40 30 10
14890
mV/m @ 3 m
FM LO 2nd harmonic
Old FCC
FTZ except LO fundamental
Radiation dB RE
All TEMIC measurement results are below 35 dBmV 100 Frequency ( MHz ) 1000
Figure 62. FCC measurements
Rev. A6, 23-Jun-99
23 (25)
U2514B
Package Information
Package DIP28 (CEI)
Dimensions in mm
37.34 36.58 4.06 3.56 3.81 3.18 1.65 1.02 33.02 28 0.58 0.38 2.54 0.89 0.38 0.38 0.20 13.97 12.70 17.02 15.24 15.49 14.99
15
technical drawings according to DIN specifications 13022
1
14 9.15 8.65 12.90 12.70 7.50 7.30
Package SSO28
Dimensions in mm
2.35 0.3 0.8 10.40
0.25 0.10
10.50 10.20
0.25
technical drawings according to DIN specifications
1
13012
24 (25)
Rev. A6, 23-Jun-99
U2514B
Ozone Depleting Substances Policy Statement
It is the policy of TEMIC Semiconductor GmbH to 1. Meet all present and future national and international statutory requirements. 2. Regularly and continuously improve the performance of our products, processes, distribution and operating systems with respect to their impact on the health and safety of our employees and the public, as well as their impact on the environment. It is particular concern to control or eliminate releases of those substances into the atmosphere which are known as ozone depleting substances ( ODSs). The Montreal Protocol ( 1987) and its London Amendments ( 1990) intend to severely restrict the use of ODSs and forbid their use within the next ten years. Various national and international initiatives are pressing for an earlier ban on these substances. TEMIC Semiconductor GmbH has been able to use its policy of continuous improvements to eliminate the use of ODSs listed in the following documents. 1. Annex A, B and list of transitional substances of the Montreal Protocol and the London Amendments respectively 2 . Class I and II ozone depleting substances in the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 by the Environmental Protection Agency ( EPA) in the USA 3. Council Decision 88/540/EEC and 91/690/EEC Annex A, B and C ( transitional substances ) respectively. TEMIC Semiconductor GmbH can certify that our semiconductors are not manufactured with ozone depleting substances and do not contain such substances.
We reserve the right to make changes to improve technical design and may do so without further notice. Parameters can vary in different applications. All operating parameters must be validated for each customer application by the customer. Should the buyer use TEMIC Semiconductors products for any unintended or unauthorized application, the buyer shall indemnify TEMIC Semiconductors against all claims, costs, damages, and expenses, arising out of, directly or indirectly, any claim of personal damage, injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthorized use. TEMIC Semiconductor GmbH, P.O.B. 3535, D-74025 Heilbronn, Germany Telephone: 49 ( 0 ) 7131 67 2594, Fax number: 49 ( 0 ) 7131 67 2423
Rev. A6, 23-Jun-99
25 (25)

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