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SA9602M SINGLE PHASE POWER/ENERGY METERING IC WITH SELECTABLE PULSE RATE FOR MECHANICAL DISPLAY APPLICATIONS
FEATURES n Provides ease of interface to systems employing a mechanical counter n Performs bidirectional power and energy measurement n Meets the IEC 521/1036 Specification requirements for Class 1 AC Watt hour meters n Protected against ESD n Allows selection of motor driver configuration DESCRIPTION The SAMES SA9602M Single Phase bidirectional Power/Energy metering integrated circuit generates a pulse rate output, the frequency of which is proportional to the power consumption. The SA9602M performs the calculation for active power. The method of calculation takes the power factor into account. Energy consumption can be determined by counting output pulses. The pulse rate for a particular application is selected according to the status of inputs MP0 and MP1. This innovative universal single phase power/energy metering integrated circuit is ideally suited for energy calculations in applications utilizing a mechanical display. The SA9602M integrated circuit is available in 20 pin dual-in-line plastic (DIP-20), as well as 20 pin small outline (SOIC-20) package types.
7130 n
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n
n n n n
Total power consumption rating below 25mW Adaptable to different types of current sensors Operates over a wide temperature range Precision voltage reference on-chip Selectable pulse rate Scaling of rated conditions provides ease of implementation for meter manufactured.
PIN CONNECTIONS
IIN IIP
1 2
20 G N D 19 18 17 16 15 14 13
IV P D IR I D IR O MP W MD VS S LE D
VRE F 3 R1 R0 MP 1 MP 0 VD D TE S T
4 5 6 7 8 9
12 MO TO R 11 O S C 1
O S C 2 10
D R -0 1 3 2 8
Package:
DIP-20 SOIC-20
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PDS039-SA9602M-001
REV. B
9-09-97
SA9602M BLOCK DIAGRAM
VDD VSS TEST R0 R1 MP0 MP1
IVN
ANALOG
GN D
DIGITAL SIGNAL SIGNAL PROCESSING PROG. MOTOR DRIVER
LED MOTOR
IIN
PROIIP VREF
CESSING
O S C I L L ATO R
D R -01333
OSC1
OSC2
DIRO
DIRI
MPW
MD
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS* Parameter Symbol Supply Voltage VDD -VSS Current on any pin IPIN Storage Temperature TSTG Operating Temperature TO
Min -0.3 -150 -40 -25
Max 6.0 +150 +125 +85
Unit V mA C C
* Stresses above those listed under "Absolute Maximum Ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only. Functional operation of the device at these or any other condition above those indicated in the operational sections of this specification, is not implied. Exposure to Absolute Maximum Ratings for extended periods may affect device reliability.
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SA9602M ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (VDD = 2.5V, VSS = -2.5V, over the temperature range -10C to +70C#, unless otherwise specified.) Parameter Operating temp. range Supply Voltage: Positive Supply Voltage: Negative Supply Current: Positive Supply Current: Negative Symbol Min To VDD VSS IDD ISS -25 2.25 -2.75 5 5 Typ Max +85 2.75 -2.25 6 6 Unit Condition C V V mA mA
Current Sensor Inputs (Differential) Input Current Range III -25 +25 A Peak value
Voltage Sensor Input (Asymmetrical) Input Current Range Pin R0, R1, Input High Voltage Input Low Voltage Pin MP0, MP1 Input High Voltage Input Low Voltage Pin MOTOR VOH VOL Pin DIRO Output High Voltage Output Low Voltage Pin DIRI Input High Voltage Input Low Voltage Pin LED Output High Voltage Output Low Voltage sames VOH VOL VIH VIL VDH VOL VDD-1 VSS+1 VDD-1 VSS+1 VDD-1 VSS+1 VDD-1 VSS+1 V V V V V V V V IOH = -2mA IOL = 5mA
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IIV VIH VIL VIH VIL
-25 VDD-1
+25
A V
Peak value Pull down
VSS+1 VDD-1 VSS+1
V Pull down V V Tri-state
IOH = -2mA IOL = 5mA Pull up
SA9602M ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Continued) (VDD = 2.5V, VSS = -2.5V, over the temperature range -10C to +70C#, unless otherwise specified.) Parameter Symbol Min Typ Max Unit Condition Pin MD, MPW Pull down VIH VDD-1 V VIL VSS+1 V Pin VREF Ref. Current Ref. Voltage Oscillator
#
-IR VR
45 1.1
50
55 1.3
A V
With R = 24k connected to VSS Referred to VSS
Recommended crystal: TV colour burst crystal f = 3.5795 MHz
Extended Operating Temperature Range available on request.
PIN DESCRIPTION Pin 20 8 14 19 1 2 3 11 10 12 13 4 5 6 7 18 17 16 15 9
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Designation GND VDD VSS IVP IIN IIP VREF OSC1 OSC2 MOTOR LED R1 R0 MP1 MP0 DIRI DIRO MPW MD TEST sames
Description Ground Positive Supply Voltage Negative Supply Voltage Analog input for Voltage Inputs for current sensor Connection for current setting resistor Connections for crystal or ceramic resonator (OSC1 = Input ; OSC2 = Output) Pulse rate output Pulse rate output Rated conditions select Motor pulse rate select Direction input Direction output Motor pulse width select Motor driver configuration select Manufacturer test pin. Connect to VSS for normal operation.
SA9602M FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION The SA9602M is a CMOS mixed signal Analog/Digital integrated circuit, which performs power/energy calculations across a power range of 1000:1, to an overall accurancy of better than Class 1. The integrated circuit includes all the required functions for 1-phase power and energy measurement such as two oversampling A/D converters for the voltage and current sense inputs, power calculation and energy integration. Internal offsets are eliminated through the use of cancellation procedures. The SA9602M generates pulses, the frequency of which is proportional to the power consumption. Two frequency outputs (MOTOR and LED) are available. The pulse rate follows the instantaneous power consumption measured. The motor drive pin can be configured as a unipolar or bipolar output using input MD. This choice allows the manufacturer to use either an impulse counter (unipolar) or stepper motor (bipolar). 1. Power Calculation In the Application Circuit (Figure 1), the voltage drop across the shunt will be between 0 and 16mVRMS (0 to 80A through a shunt resistor of 200). This voltage is converted to a current of between 0 and 16A RMS, by means of resistors R1 and R2. The current sense input saturates at an input current of 25A peak. For the voltage sensor input, the mains voltage (230VAC) is divided down through a divider to 14VRMS. The current into the A/D converter input is set at 14ARMS at nominal mains voltage, via resistor R4 (1M). Different pulse rates are available at the motor drive pin. The device may be programmed for a 1 pulse/kWh, 10 pulses/kWh or 100 pulses/kWh output, depending on the status of the motor pulse rate select pins MPD and MP1. The LED pulse rate is fixed at 1000 pulses/kWh. The frequency of the motor drive and LED pin is dependant on the settings of R0 and R1 which allow selection of different rated conditions. Rated conditions such as 230V/40A, 230V/60A, 230V/ 80A and 230V/100A may be chosen. This facility allows meter manufacturers to cater for a wide range of metering applications with minimal design changes. Analog Input Configuration The input circuitry of the current and voltage sensor inputs are illustrated below. These inputs are protected against electrostatic discharge through clamping diodes. The feedback loops from the outputs of the amplifiers AI and AV generate virtual shorts on the signal inputs. Exact duplications of the input currents are generated for the analog signal processing circuitry.
2.
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SA9602M
V DD
IIP
CURRENT SENSOR INPUTS
V SS V DD
AI
IIN
V SS V DD
IVP VOLTAGE SENSOR INPUT
V SS
AV
GND DR-01288
3. 4.
5.
Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) Protection The SA9602M integrated circuit's inputs/outputs are protected against ESD. Power Consumption The power consumption rating of the SA9602M integrated circuit is less than 30mW. Output Signals The motor drive output pulse is defined by the status of the MD input pin: MD=0 for unipolar; and MD=1 for bipolar. Note that the LED output pulses at a high frequency (1160Hz at rated conditions, irrespective of the R0, R1 inputs) when MD=0, this mode is very usefull for fast callibration during manufacturing. The wave forms for the two types of output driving methods are show below:
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SA9602M MOTOR DRIVE WAVEFORM
MOTOR
V DD Vs s
MOTOR
t tm
UNIPOLAR MD=0
tm
V DD Z Vs s
DR-01331
t tm
BIPOLAR MD=1
tm
The pulse width for t m is selected by the status of the motor pulse width input pin, MPW. The two possible options are shown in the following table. MOTOR PULSE WIDTH, MPW Motor pulse width input, MPW Signal tm 0 37 1 71.4 ms Unit
Note that wide pulses (MPW = 1) are not allowed with a high pulse rate specified by R1 = 1. The pulse rate of the motor driver ouput of the S9602M is selected by the inputs MP1 and MP0. Four pulse rate options are available as shown in tabular form below. PULSE RATE SELECTION Pulse Rate Selection Input MP1 0 0 1 1 MP0 0 1 0 1 Motor drive output selection 1 10 100 1000 Unit Wh/pulse Wh/pulse Wh/pulse Wh/pulse
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SA9602M The pulse rate of the LED output is fixed at 1000 pulses/kWh when MD = 1. This high rate of pulses is preferred for such tasks as calibration, verification and monitoring of consumption rate. The LED waveform is as shown below: LED PULSE OUTPUT
LE D
VDD V SS
dr-01332
t LED
LED PULSE WIDTH Signal t LED 6. Motor driver configuration, MD 0 71.4s 1 10ms
Direction, Indication and Selection The SA9602M provides information on the energy flow direction on pin DIRO. A logic 0 on pin DIRO indicates reverse energy flow. Reverse energy flow is defined as the condition where the voltage sense input and current sense input are out of phase. Positive energy flow, when voltage sense and current sense input are in phase, is indicated on pin DIRO a logic 1. The DIRO pin may be used to drive a LED in order to indicate reverse energy. DIRECTION INDICATION Signal Output DIRO Value 0 1 Description Reverse energy flow Forward energy flow
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SA9602M The SA9602M allows selection of the form of energy to be measured: forward energy, reverse energy, or bidirectional energy. Selection is achieved by means of the DIRI input. A table of possible settings for DIRI is shown below: DIRECTION SELECTION Signal Input DIRI 0 1 DIRO Description Motor pulses only for reverse energy Motor pulses only for forward energy Motor pulse for bidirectional energy Condition
Default pull up input DIRO connected to DIRI
7.
Rated Condition Select The user selectable output frequencies for the MOTOR output and LED pulse rate will allow a meter manufacturer to build meters for a 5-4-3-2 scaling ratio of rated current. The table below shows the various options which can be selected using pins R0 and R1. RATED CONDITION SELECT MD 1 1 1 1 R1 0 0 1 1 R0 0 1 0 1 Rated Conditions 230V 230V 230V 230V / / / / 40A 60A 80A 100A LED Output (1000 pulses/kWh) 2.55Hz 3.83Hz 5.11Hz 6.39Hz
Scaling of the frequency for the MOTOR drive output pulses takes effect in the same manner as shown for the LED output pulse rate. This feature is particularly useful in circumstances where a manufacturer requires a meter for use in a system rated for two different conditions, for exampe 230V/80A and 230V/40A. Previously such a requirement would have necessitated alteration of both the input current sensing resistors and the output measuring/counting block. With the rated condition select, using R0 and R1, the SA9602M allows for the development of different rated meters requiring minimal changes. sames
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SA9602M For example, a meter manufacturer may wish to build (a) Meter rated for 230V/80A, 1000 pulses/kWh (b) Meter rated for 230V/40A, 1000 pulses/kWh If the LED output pulse rate is considered, then (a) 230V/80A, R1=1 and R0=0 The table of Rated Condition Select shows that for this case the frequency for the LED output at rated conditions is 5.11Hz. Hence, VI 230 x 80 1 pulse = = 3600 Ws fp 5.11
(b) 230V/40A, R1=0 and R0=0 The table of Rated Condition Select shows that in this case the frequency for the LED output at rated conditions in 2.55Hz Hence, 1 pulse = VI fp = 230 x 40 2.55
3600 Ws
As the examples shows, the SA9602M can be configured easily for use in meters for different rated systems. The only changes which must be implemented are: selection of current sense resistors for the expected rated load current; and selection of settings for R0 and R1.
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SA9602M TYPICAL APPLICATIONS In the Application Circuits (Figures 1 and 2), the components required for power metering applications, are shown. In Figure 1 a shunt resistor is used for current sensing. In this application, the circuitry requires a +2.5V, 0V, -2.5V DC supply. In the case of Figure 2, when using a current transformer for current sensing, a +5V, 0V DC supply is sufficient. The most important external components for the SA9602M integrated circuit are: R2, R1 and RSH are the resistors defining the current level into the current sense input. The values should be selected for an input current of 16ARMS into the SA9602M at maximum line current. Values for RSH of less than 200 should be avoided. R1 = R2 = (IL/16ARMS) * RSH/2 Where IL = Line current RSH = Shunt resistor/termination resistor
R3, R6 and R4 set the current for the voltage sense input. The values should be selected so that the input current into the voltage sense input (virtual ground) is set to 14ARMS. R7 defines all on-chip bias and reference currents. With R7 = 24k, optimum conditions are set. R7 may be varied within 10% for calibration purposes. Any change to R7 will affect the output quadratically (i.e.: R7 = +5%, fP = +10%). The formula for calculating the output frequency is given below: fLED = 11.16 * FOUTX * Where FOUTX FOSC II IV IR FOSC 3.58MHz * II .IV IR2
= Frequency for selected rated condition = Oscillator frequency (2MHz ...... 4MHz) = Input current for current input (16ARMS at rated) = Input current for voltage input (14ARMS at rated) = Reference current (typically 50A)
XTAL is a colour burst TV crystal (f = 3.5795 MHz) for the oscillator. The oscillator frequency is divided down to 1.7897 MHz on-chip, to supply the digital circuitry and the A/D converters.
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SA9602M
Figure 1: Application Circuit see specification for details.
Specifications: Shunt resistor for current sensing. Rated conditions 230V/80A. Bidirectional metering. Motor step of 1Wh/pulse. Bipolar Motor. 37ms Motor pulses.
R 11
R 12
R6
GROUND PL ANE
DIRE CT ION
D3
PUL SE
R4
D4
M
IC -1
X T AL
9 10
2
4
5
6
7 8
1
3
C 15
R1
C9
ZD 1
R7
ZD 2 D2 SU P P L Y C 14 R 10
R2
R9
R3
C 11
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L O AD
R SH
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R5
D1
C 13
D R -0 1 3 2 9
20
16
15
13 12
19
18
17
14
11
C 10
SA9602M Parts List for Application Circuit: Figure 1 Item Symbol Description 1 IC-1 SA9602M 2 D1 Diode, Silicon, 1N4148 3 D2 Diode, Silicon, 1N4148 4 ZD1 Diode, Zener, 2.4V, 200mW 5 ZD2 Diode, Zener, 2.4V, 200mW 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 D3 D4 XTAL R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R9 R10 R11 R12 C9 C10 C11 C13 C14 C15 RSH Light emitting diode Light emitting diode Crystal, 3.5795MHz Resistor, 1% metal Resistor, 1% metal Resistor, 390k, (230VAC) 1%, metal Resistor, 1M, 1/4W, 1%, metal Resistor, 470, 2W, 5%, carbon Resistor, 24k, 1/4W, 1%, metal Resistor, 24k, 1/4W, 1%, metal Resistor, 680, 1/4W, 1% Resistor, 680, 1/4W, 1% Resistor, 1k, 1/4W, 5% carbon Resistor, 1k, 1/4W, 5% carbon Capacitor, 100nF Capacitor, 100nF Capacitor, 0.47F, 250VAC, polyester Capacitor, 100F Capacitor, 100F Capacitor, 820nF Shunt Resistor
Detail DIP-20/SOIC-20
Colour burst TV Note 1 Note 1
Note 4 Note 4
Note 2 Note 8
Note 1: Resistor (R1 and R2) values are dependant upon the selected value of RSH. Note 2: Capacitor (C15) to be positioned as close to Supply Pins (VDD & VSS) of IC-1 as possible. Note 3: See TYPICAL APPLICATIONS when selecting the value of RSH. Note 4: Additional Capacitors may be required depending on the change needed to step the motor. sames
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SA9602M
Figure 2: Application circuit see specification for details.
Specification Current transformer for current sensing Rated conditions 230V/40A Unidirectional metering phase reversal indication Motor step at 10 steps/kWh Impulse counter Motor step at wide pulses.
D I R E CT I O N
R6
C 11
R4
I C -1 1 5
20
D3
R 10
18
17
16
19
14
13
12
11
X T AL
S
R SH
10
1
2
4
3
5
6
7
8
9
C9
R3
R2
R7
R8
5V
2 .5 V D C
R9
C 10
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L N SU P PL Y
L O AD
D R-01330
CT
SA9602M Parts List for Application Circuit: Figure 2 Item Symbol 1 IC-1 2 XTAL 3 RSH 4 R1 5 R2 6 R3 7 R4 8 R6 9 R7 10 R8 11 R10 12 R9 13 C9 14 C10 15 C11 16 CT 17 D1 Note 1: Note 2: Note 3: Note 4: Description SA9602M Crystal, 3.5795MHz Resistor Resistor, 1%, metal Resistor, 1%, metal Resistor, 390k, (230VAC), 1%, metal Resistor, 1M, 1/4W, 1%, metal Resistor, 24k, 1/4W, metal Resistor, 24k, 1/4W, 1%, metal Resistor, 2.2k, 1/4W, 1%, metal Resistor 1K, 1/4W, 5% carbon Resistor, 2.2k, 1/4W, 1%, metal Capacitor, 820nF Capacitor, 100nF Capacitor Current transformer Light emitting diode Detail DIP-20/SOIC-20 Colour burst TV Note 1 Note 2 Note 2
Note 3 Note 4
See TYPICAL APPLICATIONS when selecting the value of RSH. Resistor (R1and R2) values are dependant upon the selected value of RSH. Capacitor (C9) to be positioned as close to Supply Pins (VDD & VSS) of IC-1, as possible. Capacitor (C11) selected to minimize phase error introduced by current transformer (typically 1.5F).
ORDERING INFORMATION Part Number Package SA9602MPA SA9602MSA DIP-20 SOIC-20
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SA9602M
Disclaimer: The information contained in this document is confidential and proprietary to South African MicroElectronic Systems (Pty) Ltd ("SAMES") and may not be copied or disclosed to a third party, in whole or in part, without the express written consent of SAMES. The information contained herein is current as of the date of publication; however, delivery of this document shall not under any circumstances create any implication that the information contained herein is correct as of any time subsequent to such date. SAMES does not undertake to inform any recipient of this document of any changes in the information contained herein, and SAMES expressly reserves the right to make changes in such information, without notification,even if such changes would render information contained herein inaccurate or incomplete. SAMES makes no representation or warranty that any circuit designed by reference to the information contained herein, will function without errors and as intended by the designer.
Any Sales or technical questions may be posted to our e-mail adress below: energy@sames.co.za For the latest updates on datasheets, please visit our web site: http://www.sames.co.za. South African Micro-Electronic Systems (Pty) Ltd P O Box 15888, 33 Eland Street, Lynn East, 0039 Koedoespoort Industrial Area, Republic of South Africa, Pretoria, Republic of South Africa Tel: Fax:
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012 333-6021 012 333-8071 sames
Tel: Fax:
Int +27 12 333-6021 Int +27 12 333-8071

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