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19-4032; Rev 1; 7/09
KIT ATION EVALU LE B AVAILA
High-Voltage, 100mA/200mA Adjustable Linear High-Brightness LED Drivers with PWM Dimming
General Description
The MAX16815/MAX16828 current regulators operate from a 6.5V to 40V input voltage range and deliver up to 100mA (MAX16815) or 200mA (MAX16828) to highbrightness LED (HB LED) loads. The output current is adjusted by using an external current-sense resistor in series with the LEDs. The MAX16815/MAX16828's dimming input allows wide-range "pulsed" PWM operation. An on-board pass element minimizes external components while providing 3.5% output-current accuracy. The MAX16815/MAX16828 are available in a thermally enhanced, 3mm x 3mm, 6-pin TDFN package with exposed pad and in an 8-pin SO package with exposed pad; they are specified over the automotive 40C to +125C temperature range. 6.5V to 40V Operating Range Adjustable LED Current MAX16815: 35mA to 100mA MAX16828: 35mA to 200mA 3.5% LED Current Accuracy High-Voltage DIM Input for Dimming Interface Integrated Pass Element with Low-Dropout Voltage (0.4V typ) 5V Regulated Output with 4mA Source Capability Thermal Shutdown Output Short-Circuit Protection Available in Small, Thermally Enhanced, 3mm x 3mm, 6-Pin TDFN and 8-Pin SO with Exposed Pad Packages -40C to +125C Operating Temperature Range
Features
MAX16815/MAX16828
Applications
Automotive Interior: Map, Courtesy, and Cluster Lighting Automotive Exterior: Rear Combination Lights (RCLs) Emergency Vehicle Warning Lights Signage and Indicators Ambient and Architectural Lighting LED Bulbs Display Backlighting
Pin Configurations appear at end of data sheet.
Ordering Information
PART MAX16815ATT+ MAX16815ASA+ MAX16828ATT+ MAX16828ASA+ TEMP RANGE -40C to +125C -40C to +125C -40C to +125C -40C to +125C PIN-PACKAGE 6 TDFN-EP* 8 SO-EP* 6 TDFN-EP* 8 SO-EP*
+Denotes a lead(Pb)-free/RoHS-compliant package. *EP = Exposed pad.
Typical Operating Circuit
+6.5V TO +40V IN C1 +5V REG V5 C2 EN LEDs 0.1F OUT 6.5V TO 40V IN
Simplified Diagram
OUT +5V REG V5 LEDs 0.1F
MAX16815 MAX16828
MAX16815 MAX16828
CS+ RSENSE PWM DIMMING DIM CSGND
CS+
PWM DIMMING DIM GND CS-
RSENSE
________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products
1
For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim Direct at 1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim's website at www.maxim-ic.com.
High-Voltage, 100mA/200mA Adjustable Linear High-Brightness LED Drivers with PWM Dimming MAX16815/MAX16828
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
IN to GND ...............................................................-0.3V to +45V CS+, CS-, V5 to GND ...............................................-0.3V to +6V DIM, EN to GND...........................................-0.3V to (VIN + 0.3V) OUT Short Circuited to GND Duration (at VIN = +16V) .......................................................60 minutes Maximum Current into Any Pin (except IN and OUT).......20mA Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70C) 6-Pin, 3mm x 3mm TDFN (derate 18.2mW/C above +70C) ..........................1454.5mW 8-Pin SO (derate 23.3mW/C above +70C)...........1860.5mW Operating Temperature Range .........................-40C to +125C Junction Temperature ......................................................+150C Junction-to-Case Thermal Resistance (JC) (Note 1) 6-Pin, 3mm x 3mm TDFN ...............................................9C/W 8-Pin SO .........................................................................7C/W Junction-to-Ambient Thermal Resistance (JA) (Note 1) 6-Pin, 3mm x 3mm TDFN .............................................42C/W 8-Pin SO .......................................................................43C/W Storage Temperature Range .............................-60C to +150C Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300C
Note 1: Package thermal resistances were obtained using the method described in JEDEC specification JESD51-7, using a fourlayer board. For detailed information on package thermal considerations, refer to www.maxim-ic.com/thermal-tutorial.
Stresses beyond those listed under "Absolute Maximum Ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(VIN = 12V, VEN = 12V (SO only), CV5 = 0.1F to GND, IV5 = 0, VDIM = 4V, VCS- = 0V (SO only), connect RSENSE = 2 (MAX16815) and RSENSE = 1 (MAX16828) between CS+ and GND. TA = -40C to +125C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25C.) (Note 2)
PARAMETER Supply Voltage Range Ground Current Shutdown Supply Current Guaranteed Output Current Output Current Accuracy SYMBOL VIN IG I SHDN I OUT (Note 3) ILOAD = 100mA ILOAD = 200mA VEN 0.6V (SO only) (MAX16815) (MAX16828) 100 200 3.5 3.5 0.1 0.1 0.27 0.27 9.7 9.7 130 250 -2.5 2.8 0.6 200 300 -1 270 350 -0.2 0.4 0.6 V 0.55 0.7 mA/s mA RSENSE = 2 RSENSE = 1 CONDITIONS MIN 6.5 0.82 1 35 TYP MAX 40.0 2 2 70 UNITS V mA A mA %
35mA < I OUT < 100mA (MAX16815) 35mA < I OUT < 200mA (MAX16828) I OUT = 100mA (current pulsed), 12V < VIN < 40V (MAX16815) (Note 4) I OUT = 100mA (current pulsed), 6.5V < VIN < 12V (MAX16815) (Note 4) I OUT = 200mA (current pulsed), 12V < VIN < 40V (MAX16828) (Note 5) I OUT = 200mA (current pulsed), 6.5V < VIN < 12V (MAX16828) (Note 5)
Dropout Voltage
VDO
Output Current Slew Rate Short-Circuit Current EN INPUT (SO ONLY) EN Input Current EN Input-Voltage High EN Input-Voltage Low I EN VIH VIL
Current rising Current falling VOUT = 0V, VIN = 12V, MAX16815 VOUT = 0V, VIN = 12V, MAX16828
A V V
2
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High-Voltage, 100mA/200mA Adjustable Linear High-Brightness LED Drivers with PWM Dimming
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(VIN = 12V, VEN = 12V (SO only), CV5 = 0.1F to GND, IV5 = 0, VDIM = 4V, VCS- = 0V (SO only), connect RSENSE = 2 (MAX16815) and RSENSE = 1 (MAX16828) between CS+ and GND. TA = -40C to +125C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25C.) (Note 2)
PARAMETER CURRENT SENSE Regulated RSENSE Voltage CS- Voltage Range Input Current (CS+) Input Current (CS-) DIM Input Current DIM Input-Voltage High DIM Input-Voltage Low Turn-On Time Turn-Off Time THERMAL OVERLOAD Thermal-Shutdown Temperature Thermal-Shutdown Hysteresis +5V REGULATOR Output-Voltage Load Regulation Output Voltage V5 Short-Circuit Current VV5 VV5 (Note 8) 0 < I V5 < 4mA VV5 = 0 (Note 9) 4.8 5.0 12 15 5.2 20 V mV/mA mA +159 24 C C VIH VIL t ON t OFF After VDIM rising to 4V (Note 7) After VDIM falling to 0.6V (Note 7) VRSNS VRSNS = VCS+ for TDFN package; VRSNS = VCS+ - VCS- for SO package SO only VCS+ = 220mV VCS+ = 220mV (SO only) VDIM = 0V -50 -2.5 2.8 0.6 100 55 193 -0.3 2.7 17.2 -1.0 -0.2 200 207 +4.7 7 mV V A A A V V s s SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
MAX16815/MAX16828
Note 2: All devices are 100% production tested at TA = +25C. Limits over the operating temperature range are guaranteed by design. Note 3: Resistors were added from OUT to CS+ to aid with power dissipation. Note 4: Dropout is measured as follows: Connect RO from OUT to CS+. Connect RSENSE = 2 (MAX16815) from CS+ to GND (for TDFN) or from CS+ to CS- (for SO). Set VIN = 12V (record VOUT1 = VOUT). For VIN = 40V, use RO = 360; for VIN = 6.5V, use RO = 56. Reduce VIN until VOUT = 0.97 x VOUT1 (record as VIN2 and VOUT2). VDO = VIN2 - VOUT2. Note 5: Dropout is measured as follows: Connect RO from OUT to CS+. Connect RSENSE = 1 (MAX16828) from CS+ to GND (for TDFN) or from CS+ to CS- (for SO). Set VIN = 12V (record VOUT1 = VOUT). For VIN = 40V, use RO = 180; for VIN = 6.5V, use RO = 27. Reduce VIN until VOUT = 0.97 x VOUT1 (record as VIN2 and VOUT2). VDO = VIN2 - VOUT2. Note 6: IV5 = 0mA. Note 7: tON time includes the delay and the rise time needed for IOUT to reach 90% of its final value. tOFF time is the time needed for IOUT to drop below 10%. See the Typical Operating Characteristics. tON and tOFF are tested with 100 (MAX16815) or 51 (MAX16828) from OUT to CS+. Note 8: Current regulation varies with V5 load (see the Typical Operating Characteristics). Note 9: Thermal shutdown does not function if V5 is shorted to ground.
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High-Voltage, 100mA/200mA Adjustable Linear High-Brightness LED Drivers with PWM Dimming MAX16815/MAX16828
Typical Operating Characteristics
(VIN = 12V, TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
OUTPUT CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX16815 toc01
VCS+ (FOR TDFN) OR VCS+ - VCS- (FOR SO) vs. OUTPUT CURRENT
MAX16815 toc02
OUTPUT CURRENT vs. INPUT VOLTAGE
350 OUTPUT CURRENT (mA) 300 250 200 150 100 50 MAX16815 MAX16828
MAX16815 toc03
VCS+ (FOR TDFN) OR VCS+ - VCS- (FOR SO) (V)
300 250 OUTPUT CURRENT (mA) 200 150 100 MAX16815 AND MAX16828 ILOAD = 35mA 50 0 MAX16815 ILOAD = 100mA MAX16828 ILOAD = 200mA
0.4
MAX16815 AND MAX16828 IOUT UP TO 100mA FOR MAX16828
400
0.3
0.2
0.1
0 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 TEMPERATURE (C) 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
DROPOUT VOLTAGE vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX16815 toc04
+5V REGULATOR OUTPUT vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX16815 toc05
VCS+ (FOR TDFN) OR VCS+ - VCS- (FOR SO) vs. IV5
VCS+ (FOR TDFN) OR VCS+ - VCS- (FOR SO) (V) MAX16815 AND MAX16828
MAX16815 toc06
0.5
5.2
MAX16815 AND MAX16828
0.4
5V REGULATOR OUTPUT (V)
0.4 DROPOUT VOLTAGE (V)
MAX16828 ILOAD = 200mA
5.1 NO LOAD IV5 = 1mA 5.0
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.1 MAX16815 ILOAD = 100mA 0 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 TEMPERATURE (C)
4.9 IV5 = 5mA 4.8 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 TEMPERATURE (C)
0.1
0 0 1 2 3 4
+5V REGULATOR OUTPUT vs. VIN
MAX16815 AND MAX16828
MAX16815 toc07
MAX16815 200Hz DIMMED OPERATION
MAX16815 toc08
MAX16815 200Hz DIMMED OPERATION (EXPANDED)
MAX16815 toc09
5.2
5V REGULATOR OUTPUT (V)
ILOAD = 100mA, VIN = 12V DIM PULSED AT 200Hz 150% DUTY CYCLE
5.1 IV5 = 1mA 5.0 NO LOAD
VDIM 10V/div 0V
ILOAD = 100mA, VIN = 12V DIM PULSED AT 200Hz 150% DUTY CYCLE
VDIM 10V/div 0V
ILOAD 50mA/div 4.9 IV5 = 5mA 0
ILOAD 50mA/div 0
4.8 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 1ms/div 10s/div VIN (V)
4
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High-Voltage, 100mA/200mA Adjustable Linear High-Brightness LED Drivers with PWM Dimming
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(VIN = 12V, TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
MAX16815 200Hz DIMMED OPERATION (EXPANDED)
MAX16815 toc10
MAX16815/MAX16828
MAX16828 200Hz DIMMED OPERATION
MAX16815 toc11
ILOAD = 100mA, VIN = 12V DIM PULSED AT 200Hz 50% DUTY CYCLE
VDIM 10V/div 0V
ILOAD = 200mA, VIN = 12V DIM PULSED AT 200Hz 50% DUTY CYCLE
VDIM 10V/div 0V
ILOAD 50mA/div 0
ILOAD 200mA/div 0
20s/div
1ms/div
MAX16828 200Hz DIMMED OPERATION (EXPANDED)
MAX16815 toc12
MAX16828 200Hz DIMMED OPERATION (EXPANDED)
MAX16815 toc13
ILOAD = 200mA, VIN = 12V DIM PULSED AT 200Hz 50% DUTY CYCLE
VDIM 10V/div 0V ILOAD 200mA/div 0
ILOAD = 200mA, VIN = 12V DIM PULSED AT 200Hz 50% DUTY CYCLE
VDIM 10V/div 0V ILOAD 200mA/div 0
20s/div
20s/div
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High-Voltage, 100mA/200mA Adjustable Linear High-Brightness LED Drivers with PWM Dimming MAX16815/MAX16828
Pin Description
PIN TDFN 1 SO 6 NAME FUNCTION Pulsed Dimming Input. Drive DIM low to turn off output current (LED current). Drive DIM high to turn on the output current (LED current). DIM is pulled high to VIN when left unconnected. Enable Input. Drive EN high to enable the output. For the TDFN package, this input is not accessible and always high. Current-Regulated Output Positive Input Supply. Bypass IN with a 0.1F (min) capacitor to GND. LED Current-Sense Amplifier Positive Input. For the SO package version, connect the current-sense resistor between this pin and CS-; for the TDFN version, connect it between this pin and ground. LED Current-Sense Amplifier Negative Input. Connect to ground. +5V Regulated Output. Connect a 0.1F (min) capacitor from V5 to GND. Ground Exposed Pad. Connect to a large ground plane for effective power dissipation. Do not use as the only ground connection.
DIM
-- 2 3 4 -- 5 6 --
7 8 1 2 3 4 5 --
EN OUT IN CS+ CSV5 GND EP
TDFN Functional Diagram
DIM IN
0.8A
1.2V V5 BANDGAP AND 5V REGULATOR IREG P OUT THERMAL SHUTDOWN GND DIFF AMP MAX16815 MAX16828
CS+
6
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High-Voltage, 100mA/200mA Adjustable Linear High-Brightness LED Drivers with PWM Dimming
SO Functional Diagram
DIM IN
MAX16815/MAX16828
0.8A
EN V5
1.2V BANDGAP AND 5V REGULATOR IREG P OUT THERMAL SHUTDOWN
CS+ DIFF AMP
GND
MAX16815 MAX16828
CS-
Detailed Description
+5V Regulator
The MAX16815/MAX16828 include a fixed +5V output regulator that delivers up to 4mA of load current throughout the 6.5V to 40V input voltage range. Connect a 0.1F compensation capacitor from V5 to ground. Shorting V5 to ground disables the thermal shutdown. V5 stays on during PWM dimming.
Applications Information
Programming the LED Current
The MAX16815/MAX16828 use a sense resistor across CS+ and GND for the TDFN package or across CS+ and CS- for the SO package, to set the LED current. The LED current is given by ILED = VRSNS/RSENSE.
Input-Voltage Considerations
For proper operation, the minimum input voltage must always be: VIN(MIN) VRSNS(MAX) + VFT(MAX) + VDO(MAX) where VFT(MAX) is the total forward voltage of all series connected LEDs. The minimum operating voltage of the device is +6.5V. The device operates below +6.5V; however, output current may not meet the full regulation specification (see the Typical Operating Characteristics) and the V5 regulator will drop below 5V.
Thermal Protection
The MAX16815/MAX16828 enter a thermal-shutdown mode in the event of overheating. This typically occurs in overload or output short-circuit conditions. If the junction temperature exceeds TJ = +159C (typ), the internal thermal-protection circuitry turns off the series pass device. The MAX16815/MAX16828 recover from thermal-shutdown mode once the junction temperature drops by 24C (typ). The devices therefore protect themselves by thermal cycling in the event of a shortcircuit or overload condition. Shorting V5 to ground disables the thermal shutdown.
Low-Frequency PWM Dimming at the Output
Provide a pulse to the dimming input (DIM) of the MAX16815/MAX16828 to produce a PWM output. Alternatively, connect DIM to IN and pulse IN.
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High-Voltage, 100mA/200mA Adjustable Linear High-Brightness LED Drivers with PWM Dimming MAX16815/MAX16828
D1 STOP D2 TAIL R1 R2 D3 DIS R3 TH TRG C2 ICM7555 R4* GND GND CSRSENSE IN OUT D4 DIM CS+ C1 MAX16815 MAX16828 +5V REG C2 LEDs IN OUT
V5
*R4 < 300k
Figure 1. PWM Dimming Operation with ICM7555 Timer
Two Brightness Levels for TAIL/STOP Lights
Figure 1 shows PWM dimming operation for the MAX16815/MAX16828 with an ICM7555 timer. The ICM7555 provides adjustable duty cycle using two external resistors and a capacitor. In TAIL operation, the output of the ICM7555 feeds into DIM and lights up the LEDs. The LED's brightness depends on the duty cycle of the ICM7555. When VSTOP is present, DIM is pulled up to VSTOP. The PWM dimming operation is disabled and the LEDs light up to full brightness. See the ICM7555 data sheet for formulas to calculate the dimming frequency and the duty cycle.
VIN
IN
OUT MAX16815 MAX16828
LEDs V5 C2 RT R2 CS+
C1
PWM DIMMING DIM
GND CS-
R1
LED Current Thermal Foldback
With a minimum number of external components, the MAX16815/MAX16828 provide LED current thermal foldback using a negative temperature coefficient (NTC) thermistor. Figure 2 shows a thermistor connected to V5 and the CS+ of the MAX16815/MAX16828. As the temperature increases, the voltage drop across R2 increases, causing the LED current to decrease. ILED = [VRSNS - (R2 / RT) (VV5 - VRSNS)]/R1
Figure 2. LED Current Thermal Foldback with an NTC Thermistor
Other Applications
The application circuit in Figure 3 implements a twolevel brightness current for TAIL/STOP lights. In TAIL operation, Q1 is off and R1 sets the output current. In
STOP operation, Q1 turns on and the output current is set by a parallel combination of R1 and R2. Figure 4 shows an application circuit with the MAX16815/ MAX16828 using a single BJT to provide high output current. For proper operation: VIN(MIN) > VCESAT(MAX) + VFT(MAX) + VRSNS where VCESAT(MAX) is the maximum saturation voltage of the external BJT and VFT(MAX) is the total forward voltage of all series connected LEDs.
8
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High-Voltage, 100mA/200mA Adjustable Linear High-Brightness LED Drivers with PWM Dimming MAX16815/MAX16828
STOP D1 TAIL IN OUT DIM MAX16815 MAX16828 C1 CS+ R2 GND R1 Q1 CSZ1 CSGND C1 PWM DIMMING DIM CS+ RSENSE V5 C2 LEDs R3 MAX16815 MAX16828 VIN IN Q1 LEDs
OUT
V5 C2
Figure 3. Two-Level Brightness with Current Level Switch for TAIL/STOP Lights
L1 VIN D1
Figure 4. Increased LED Current (Ampere Range) with a Single BJT
CREF REF C2 R3 CCOMP COMP RCOMP C6 FB GND DIM CS+ R5 VCC C3 IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT
U2
EN
MAX5094C
OUT Q1 C4
LEDs V5 C7 C10 DIM EN
U4 MAX16815 MAX16828
V5 C11
LEDs EN C8 CS+ R7 DIM
U3 MAX16815 MAX16828
V5 C9
LEDs
MAX16815 MAX16828
CS+ R6
CT/RT CT
CS R2
R4
GND
CS-
GND
CS-
GND
CS-
Figure 5. Multichannel HB LED Drivers for LCD Backlight
Multichannel HB LED Driver
Figure 5 shows an array of MAX16815/MAX16828s with independent DIM control. The MAX5094C, a currentmode PWM controller, provides the input power to each LED driver preregulated voltage to multiple MAX16815/ MAX16828 drivers. PROCESS: BiCMOS
Chip Information
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High-Voltage, 100mA/200mA Adjustable Linear High-Brightness LED Drivers with PWM Dimming MAX16815/MAX16828
Pin Configurations
TOP VIEW
GND CS+ 4 V5 5
6
IN CS+ CS-
1 2 3
8
OUT EN DIM GND
MAX16815 MAX16828
EP*
7 6 5
MAX16815 MAX16828
+
1 DIM EP* 2 OUT 3 IN
V5 4
SO
TDFN
*EP = EXPOSED PAD
Package Information
For the latest package outline information and land patterns, go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages. PACKAGE TYPE 8 SO-EP 6 TDFN-EP PACKAGE CODE S8E-12 T633-2 DOCUMENT NO. 21-0111 21-0137
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High-Voltage, 100mA/200mA Adjustable Linear High-Brightness LED Drivers with PWM Dimming
Revision History
REVISION NUMBER 0 REVISION DATE 2/08 Initial release. * Added the SO package to the Ordering Information table, Electrical Characteristics, TOC 2 and 6, Pin Description table, and Functional Diagrams. * Modified the Simplified Diagram and Figures 1-4 to include the CS- pin. * Added the SO-EP Pin Configuration. DESCRIPTION PAGES CHANGED --
MAX16815/MAX16828
1
7/09
1-4, 6-10
Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time.
Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600 ____________________ 11
(c) 2009 Maxim Integrated Products Maxim is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.

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