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efs preliminary datasheet ? march 1998 - ed: 1 starlight-kit 2-chips set for fluorescent lamp starter pentawatt hv very low component count: 2 chips + 4 passive components universal core for any multi power multi temperature range starter application serial tube lamp connection capability (note 1) compatible with emi capacitor to meet emi standards extended life time of the fluorescent lamp due to smooth and single shot ignition very cold and lower power application coverage with selectableand accurate pre heat time unaffected by mains power micro-interruptions reduced maintenance thanks to failed lamp automatic safety shut down extended life time of the starter that survives to the tube lamp failure inherent high reliability of the electronic power elements note1 : see section on tubes in series in attached application note benefits the efs kit is a 2 chips set used with 4 additional passive components as direct replacement of the glow switch starter. the asd ? (application specific discretes) includes a bi-directional power switch and a power supply for the driver. the driver provides a program to ensure a fully optimised fluorescent lamp ignition. description application specific discretes a.s.d. ? s014 very wide power range: linear lamp ignition from 18 to 125w very wide temperature range: tube ignition from -40to85 c 8 striking pulse capability: for very cold environment or aging lamp selectable pre-heat time: 1.5 s or 2.5 s ignition at 350ma, 1350v starter shutdown with failed lamp features 1/13
ac mains = 230/240v conditions for use efs starlight-kit family efs1 efs2 efs3 lamp power range 36 to 58w 18 to 70w 18 to 125w (note 2) ambient temperature range 5to75 c -20 to 75 c -40 to 85 c (note 3) twin tube serial connection (2 x 18w - 115v) yes yes yes driver efs1a efs2a efs3a asd ? efs11 efs21 efs31 note 2: above 70w, the operating temperature is higher than 5 c note 3: below -20 c, the lamp power range is less than 70w efs starlight-kit parts selection: the efs starlight-kit family offers an effective answer to linear fluorescent lamp ignition needs pin connection (top view) if pin 2 = gnd, preheat = 1.5s if pin 2 = vcc, preheat = 2.5s driver: efs1/2/3-a-cd asd ? : efs1/2/3-1 state tube detection 1 shunt 4 pre-heat select 2 to be grounded 7 to be grounded 3 to be grounded 5 to be grounded 6 14 g1 13 g2 12 vcc 11 gnd 9 do not connect 8 to be grounded 10 to be grounded so14 pentawatt hv g1 1 g2 5 vcc 2 tube 3 gnd 4 ? efs 2/13
driver: efs1/2/3-a symbol parameter value unit vcc supply voltage 14 v toper operatingambient temperature range (refer to efs selection table) -40 to +85 c ptot power dissipation 500 mw esd electrostatic discharge between any pins 1 kv asd ? : efs1/2/3-1 symbol parameter value unit i trms rms on-state current @ tcase = 90 c 1a i tsm non repetitive surge peak on-state current t j initial = 25 c, tp = 10ms 15 a v drm/rrm repetitive peak off-state voltage 600 v toper operatingambient temperature range (refer to efs selection table) -40 to +85 c tcase i rms =1a t off = 0.16s t on = 0.75s + 120 c t j maximum operating junction temperature +125 c absolute maximum ratings efs 3 efs 3 efs 1 efs 2 lamp power (w) ambient temperature ( c) 125 w 70 w 58 w 36 w 18 w 0w -40 -20 5 85 75 universal core for wide range applications ? efs 3/13
efs 1/2/3 kit driver efs 1/2/3 a cd - efs 1/2/3 1 xx5 - electronic fluorescent switch electronic fluorescent switch kit kit traceability digit traceability digit so14 package tl5: pentawatt hv package with lead forming t5: pentawatt hv package with straight lead asd ordering information efs starlight kit efs1 efs2 efs3 symbol parameter min. typ. max. min. typ. max. min. typ. max. unit asd ? vt + positive on-state voltage i t = 1.5a tp = 500 m s 2.5 2.5 2.5 v vt - negative on-state voltage i t = 1.5a tp = 500 m s 111v v br breakdown forward voltage i drm = 5ma t p =10ms 1100 1200 1150 1350 1200 1350 v i drm/rrm forward and reverse leakage current, v drm/rrm rated 20 20 20 m a i h holding current di/dt = 9 a/s pin1 = pin2 = pin4 = pin5 130 150 200 ma driver i so ignition switch-off current with: rsense = 0.4 w , t j =t jmin , l = 0.7h not applicable 275 350 275 350 ma electrical characteristics ( t j =25 c, unless otherwise specified) ? efs 4/13
application conditions ac mains single 230v - 50hz twin series 230v / 50hz or single 115v / 50hz lamp power range 18 to 125w 18 to 36w ambient temperature range -40 to + 85 c -40 to +85 c recommended components starter kit efs1/2/3 (see note 4) efs1/2/3 (see note 4) r1 150k w - 0.5w - 5% 150k w - 0.5w - 5% r2 1k w - 0.25w - 5% 2k w - 0.25w - 5% r3 0.39 w - 0.25w - 5% 0.39 w - 0.25w - 5% csupply 22 m f - 16v - 10% 22 m f - 16v - 10% note 4: refer to efs selection table on page 2 recommended components according to application conditions fluorescent tube 18w to 125w ballast 230v / 50hz 4 9 7/8/10/11 2/3/5/6 14 13 12 2 5 1 3 4 r1 r2 r3 c supply driver asd ? 1 do not connect u1 u2 basic application diagram pcb with pentawatt hv and so14 u2 u1 r1 r2 r3 c supply + configurate pin 2. do not connect pin 9. component side layout pin 2 is the preheat time select pin. to select a 1.5s preheat time, drill and cut the vcc to pin 2 wiring at the metallization hole. to select a 2.5s preheat time, drill and cut the gnd to pin 2 wiring. the layout must be configuratedfor either choice to avoid supply short circuit . ? efs 5/13
striking pulse 1/ the ac power switch: functional description the starter is a bi-directional switch which performs two functions: the preheat of the tube, the ignition of the tube. during the preheat period, the asd ? is fully conducting. the tube lamp is short circuited by the starter, and the current flows through its filaments. in these conditions, the tube can not light up, but the temperatureof the tube electrodes increases. at the end of the preheat period, the lamp filaments are warm enough to emit electrons in the gas and to permit the lamp ignition in good conditions. the asd switches off the preheating current . at this moment, the ballast is equivalent to a current generator (i=i so, i so = switched off current). as the asd switches off, the starter voltage increases. the amplitude of this high voltage spike is clamped by the asd (v br 1350 v). as the starter and the tube are in parallel, the striking pulse is directly applied to the tube. the electromagnetic energy of the ballast is then discharged through the tube and the asd. 2/ what's new in this switch? the ac switch merges an auxiliary power supply for the driver, a power clamping device (1350v) and a bi-directional switch with his execution pilot block. efs starlight-kit application note 3 2 1 fluorescent tube 220v / 50hz ballast v strike the mains voltage is applied preheating of the tube striking of the tube preheat gnd vcc g 2 tube g 1 power supply on / off driver new efs asd ? ac switch high voltage clamping ? efs 6/13
present solutions work with a unidirectional switch, like mos transistors or gto (gate turn off thyristor). as a starter is a bi-directional switch, it is necessary to use a rectifier bridge (4 diodes of 1500v or 8 diodes with a lower breakdown voltage).more, 2 or 3 diodesin series with the gto are required to get the necessary switch off effect, and the whole switch is controlled with an analog timer built around a small scr. the interest of a bi-directional switch arises itself: a drastic reduction of the number of components, and of course, a reduction of power losses (only 1 forward voltage instead of 5 or 8 dependingon the version). the ignition feature is another interesting point. a lamp requires a minimum energy level to be ignited, but this energy depends especially on the temperature of the tube. the lower the temperature is, the more energeticthe lamp strike is. this energy stored in the ballast is directly proportional to the i so ( e = 1 2 li 2 with i=i so ). in other words, the required energy and of course the i so , are maximum for the minimum temperature. results based on experiments show that it is necessary to switch off a current of 350ma to strike a 58w tube at -20c (with a voltage amplitude clamped at 1300v). therefore, the best way to strike a tube independentlyof the temperature is to keep the maximum i so level for all the temperature range. unfortunately,the solution is not so simple to implement because the energy level at ambient or warm temperature would be much important: the lamp would be ignited, but the lamp life time would be shortened. this is why one of the innovations of the asd is to modulate the striking energy versus temperature (see feature hereafter). for negative temperatures,the i so levelis maintainedat 350 ma, and for positive temperature,the i so level decreases slowly, a little bit above the conventionalgto profile. gto scr 1500v conventional discrete circuit ( minimal version ) t( c) i so 350 ma -20 c20 c 0 c40 c75 c efs kit profile conventional gto profile ? efs 7/13
3/ auxiliary power supply: in order to reduce the number of components, an auxiliary power supply is integrated in the asd ? .this active power supply works directly on the mains and requires only a low voltage capacitor 16v - 22 m f. this output capacitor is charged at the beginning and the end of each positive mains half cycle. during the preheat period, a part of the current flowing through the asd is used to charge the output capacitor, so there is no line current distortion. when the tube is ignited, the power supply capacitor is periodically recharged by the asd in order to allow proper tube supervision by the whole starter kit. 4/ the driver: functionnal description algorithm 1. at switch on: at switch on, an integrated under voltage lock-out function (uvlo) resets the driver as long as the supply voltage stays below a security level. 2. pre-heat: the ignition sequence begins with the preheat. two different durations can be selected with pin 2 (pre-heat select). pin 2 connected to gnd if pin 2 = gnd, preheat = 1.5s. pin 2 connected to vcc if pin 2 = vcc, preheat = 2.5s. during the preheat,the driver maintains the asd in a full on-state, thus making the starter equivalent to a conducting switch. 3. ignition of the fluorescent tube: at the end of the pre-heat period, the starter strikes the fluorescent tube. for that, the driver reads continuouslythe currentthrough the starter.when the currentreaches the switch off level (i so =350ma), the driver turns off the asd. this induces a high voltage pulse across the tube. this pulse is limited by the asd breakdown voltage ( 1350v). 4. if the tube fails to strike: the driver detects the state of the tube (on or off). if it stays off during 8 mains cycles (loop 1), a new pre-heat period, shorter than the first one, starts again (loop 3), followed by a new ignition attempt. the driver will try to fire the tube 8 times. if none of the 8 attempts succeeds in striking the tube, the driver turns in stand-by mode, and the whole starter is fully stopped until the next mains removal and power supply reset. 5. if the tube is ignited: if the tube is ignited, the driver stays in stand-by mode while monitoring the state of the tube (loop 2).the asd applies a shorthigh voltage pulse ( @ 1mj)at the beginningof eachpositive half cycle. if somespurious cut off occurs on the mains (micro sags), the lamp turns off momentarly. this short pulse is enough to sustain the arc in the lamp, avoiding a new complete ignition sequence. during normal operation of the tube, this short pulse is masked by the tube conduction. if the mains interruption is really long enough to turn off completly the lamp, a new ignition sequence starts again (loop 3) with 8 other new possible attempts. ac mains on uvlo reset pre-heat 1.5s or 2.5s strike attempt = attempt + 1 pre-heat 0.75s or 1.25s attempt <8 yes yes yes no no no loop 3 loop 2 tube ignited? fail = fail + 1 fail = 8 fail = 0 fail = 8 autosupply autosupply fail = 0 attempt = 0 ? efs 8/13
5/ efs starlight kit: fluorescent lamp ignition 5.1. operation on 230v/50hz ac mains in single lamp configuration the efs starlight kit is ideal in the configuration described herebelow - single starter / 230v / 50hz -. the components to choose are the following: gnd g1 g2 pre-heat select vcc shunt state tube minimum power supply state tube detection (striked / off) 0 current synchro iso synchro 350ma pre-heat period counter 1,5s or 2.5s current generator 30ma 8 attempts strikes counter uvlo clock 1/8 the internal block diagram of the driver ac mains 230v t u b e ? single applications conditions ac mains single 230v - 50hz ballast power range 18 to 125w temperature -40to85 c recommended components starter kit efs 1/2/3 (note 5) r1 150k w - 0.25w - 5% r2 1k w - 0.25w - 5% r3 0.39 w - 0.25w - 5% csupply 22 m f - 16 v - 10% note 5 : the different efs kit versions (1, 2 or 3) should be chosen according to the table oefs sta rlight kit parts selectiono page 2. ? efs 9/13
5.2. operation with capacitor for power factor correction: the efs starlight- kit is also suitable for magneticballast including front end serial capacitor (leading ballast) or parallel shunt capacitor. nevertheless with front end serial capacitor, only one ignition attempt will be performed. after this first attemp, the serial capacitor superimposes a -300v dc voltage on the mains voltage. this offset masks the starter which detects the tube lamp as systematicaly alight. with a front end parallel capacitor, the ignition process remains normal with 8 attempts in case of defective lamps. ac mains 230v t u b e t u b e 115v 115v twin tube applications conditions ac mains twin series 230v - 50hz or single 115v - 50hz ballast power range 18 to 36w temperature -40to85 c recommended components starter kit efs 1/2/3 r1 150k w - 0.25w - 5% r2 2k w - 0.25w - 5% r3 0.39 w - 0.25w - 5% csupply 22 m f 16 v 10% 5.3. operation on 230v/50hzac mains in twin tubes configuration or 115v/50hz mains in signle lamp configuration moreover, the efs starlight-kit is also suitable for the configurations - twin tubes starter / 230v / 50hz, and single starter / 115v / 50hz -. the components to choose are the following (refer to the table oefs starlight- kit parts selectiono page 2.) with the above set of components, the ignition process is exactly the same as the one described in the algorithm page 7. the only electrical diagram difference consists of the r2 resistance which needs to be changed from 1 to 2k w . without this modification, the starter will generate only one ignition attempt instead of 8 in case of defective tube lamp; the loop 3 is removed from the algorithm described in page 7. 230v / 50hz ballast starter socket fluorescent tube a l i g h t o f f o f f a l i g h t rotate of 180 only one starter ac mains 230v t u b e ? leading magnetic ballast with serial capacitor ac mains 230v t u b e ? magnetic ballast with shunt parallel capacitor ? efs 10/13
package mechanical data so14 (driver) b e3 d m f 8 14 17 e a2 a l g s e a1 b1 c1 c dim. millimeters inches min. typ. max. min. typ. max. a 1.75 0.069 a1 0.1 0.2 0.004 0.008 a2 1.6 0.063 b 0.35 0.46 0.014 0.018 b1 0.19 0.25 0.007 0.010 c 0.5 0.020 c1 45 o (typ.) d 8.55 8.75 0.336 0.334 e 5.8 6.2 0.228 0.244 e 1.27 0.050 e3 7.62 0.300 f 3.8 4.0 0.150 0.157 g 4.6 5.3 0.181 0.208 l 0.5 1.27 0.020 0.050 m 0.68 0.027 s8 o (max.) ? efs 11/13
package mechanical data pentawatt hv with lead forming - tl5 (asd ? ) k l m p o s s r q n n - + g f e c d b 14 23 5 i h 1 2 3 4 5 j ref. dimensions millimeters inches min. typ. max. min. typ. max. b 0.6 0.8 0.024 0.031 c 2.54 0.10 d 4.91 5.21 0.193 0.205 e 3.91 0.154 f 7.92 0.312 g 10.1 10.4 0.398 0.409 h 15.1 15.8 0.595 0.622 i 2.6 3 0.102 0.118 j 3.65 3.85 0.144 0.151 k 4.3 4.8 0.169 0.189 l 1.17 1.37 0.046 0.054 m 6 6.6 0.236 0.260 n 0.5 0.020 o 3.3 0.130 p 2.4 2.8 0.094 0.110 q 1.49 1.59 1.69 0.059 0.063 0.067 r 2.44 2.54 2.64 0.096 0.10 0.104 s 0.35 0.55 0.014 0.021 ? efs 12/13
information furnished is believed to be accurate and reliable. however, sgs-thomson microelectronics assumes no responsibility for the consequences of use of such information nor for any infringement of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. no license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of sgs-thomson microelectronics. specifications mentioned in this publication are subject to change without notice. this publication supersedes and replaces all information previously supplied. sgs-thomson microelectronics products are not authorizedfor use as critical components in life support devices or systems without express written approval of sgs-thomson microelectronics. ? 1998 sgs-thomson microelectronics - printed in italy - all rights reserved. sgs-thomson microelectronics group of companies australia - brazil - canada - china - france - germany - italy - japan - korea - malaysia - malta - morocco - the netherlands - singapore - spain - sweden - switzerland - taiwan - thailand - united kingdom - u.s.a. package mechanical data pentawatt hv with straight lead - t5 (asd ? ) e s d1 b1 gate e e1 b l l1 p a c1 d c a1 ref. dimensions millimeters inches min. typ. max. min. typ. max. a 4.30 4.80 0.169 0.188 a1 2.50 3.10 0.098 0.122 b 0.60 0.80 0.023 0.031 b1 0.75 0.90 0.029 0.035 c 0.35 0.55 0.013 0.021 c1 1.22 1.42 0.048 0.055 d 9.00 9.35 0.354 0.368 d1 15.20 15.80 0.598 0.622 e 2.44 2.64 0.096 0.103 e1 3.71 3.91 0.146 0.155 e 10.00 10.40 0.393 0.409 l 22.32 22.92 0.878 0.902 l1 25.10 25.70 0.988 1.011 p 3.65 3.95 0.143 0.155 s 2.55 3.05 0.100 0.120 ? efs 13/13

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