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general description the MAX6138 is a precision, two-terminal shunt mode, bandgap voltage reference available in fixed reverse breakdown voltages of 1.2205v, 2.048v, 2.5v, 3.0v, 4.096v, and 5.0v. ideal for space-critical applications, the MAX6138 is offered in the subminiature 3-pin sc70 surface-mount package (1.8mm x 1.8mm), 50% smaller than comparable devices in sot23 surface-mount packages. laser-trimmed resistors ensure precise initial accuracy. with a 25ppm/? temperature coefficient, the device is offered in three grades of initial accuracy ranging from 0.1% to 0.5%. the MAX6138 has a 60? to 15ma shunt- current capability with low-dynamic impedance, ensuring stable reverse breakdown voltage accuracy over a wide range of operating temperatures and currents. the MAX6138 does not require an external stabilizing capacitor while ensuring stability with capacitive loads. the MAX6138 is a higher precision device in a smaller package than the lm4040/lm4050. applications portable, battery-powered equipment notebook computers cell phones industrial process control features ultra-small 3-pin sc70 package 0.1% (max) initial accuracy 25ppm/? (max) temperature coefficient guaranteed over -40? to +85? temperature range wide operating current range: 60? to 15ma low 28? rms output noise (10hz to 10khz) 1.2205v, 2.048v, 2.5v, 3.0v, 4.096v, and 5.0v fixed reverse breakdown voltages no output capacitors required stable with capacitive loads MAX6138 0.1%, 25ppm, sc70 shunt voltage reference with multiple reverse breakdown voltages ________________________________________________________________ maxim integrated products 1 MAX6138 i load i shunt r s v s v r i shunt + i load - 1 3 n.c.* + MAX6138 sc70 top view 2 *pin 3 must be left floating or connected to pin 2. part temp. range pin- package output voltage (v) MAX6138_exr12-t -40 c to +85 c 3 sc70-3 1.2205 MAX6138_exr21-t -40 c to +85 c 3 sc70-3 2.0480 MAX6138_exr25-t -40 c to +85 c 3 sc70-3 2.5000 MAX6138_exr30-t -40 c to +85 c 3 sc70-3 3.0000 MAX6138_exr41-t -40 c to +85 c 3 sc70-3 4.0960 MAX6138_exr50-t -40 c to +85 c 3 sc70-3 5.0000 pin configuration selector guide typical operating circuit 19-2090; rev 0; 10/01 for pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact maxim/dallas direct! at 1-888-629-4642, or visit maxim? website at www.maxim-ic.com. ordering information appears at end of data sheet.
MAX6138 0.1%, 25ppm, sc70 shunt voltage reference with multiple reverse breakdown voltages 2 _______________________________________________________________________________________ absolute maximum ratings electrical characteristics MAX6138_12 (1.2205v) (i r = 100a, t a = -40 c to +85 c, unless otherwise noted. typical values are at t a = +25 c.) (note 1) stresses beyond those listed under ?bsolute maximum ratings?may cause permanent damage to the device. these are stress rating s only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specificatio ns is not implied. exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. reverse current (cathode to anode) ..................................20ma forward current (anode to cathode) ..................................10ma human body model ...........................................................2000v machine model.....................................................................200v continuous power dissipation (t a a = +70 c) 3-pin sc70 (derate 2.17mw/ c above +70 c) ...........174mw operating temperature range .........................-40 c to +125 c storage temperature range .............................-65 c to +150 c junction temperature ......................................................+150 c lead temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300 c parameter symbol conditions min typ max units MAX6138a (0.1%) 1.2193 1.2205 1.2217 MAX6138b (0.2%) 1.2181 1.2205 1.2229 reverse breakdown voltage (note 2) v r t a = +25 c MAX6138c (0.5%) 1.2144 1.2205 1.2266 mv minimum operating current i rmin 45 60 a reverse voltage temperature coefficient (notes 2, 3) tc 4 25 ppm/ c i rmin i r 1ma 0.3 1.0 reverse breakdown voltage change with operating current change ? v r / ? i r 1ma i r 12ma 2.5 8.0 mv reverse dynamic impedance (note 3) z r i r = 1ma, f = 120hz, i ac = 0.1i r 0.3 0.8 ? wideband noise e n i r = 10a, 10hz f 10khz 20 v rms reverse breakdown voltage ? v r t = 1000h 120 ppm
MAX6138 0.1%, 25ppm, sc70 shunt voltage reference with multiple reverse breakdown voltages _______________________________________________________________________________________ 3 electrical characteristics MAX6138_21 (2.048v) (i r = 100a, t a = -40 c to +85 c, unless otherwise noted. typical values are at t a = +25 c.) (note 1) electrical characteristics MAX6138_25 (2.5v) (i r = 100a, t a = -40 c to +85 c, unless otherwise noted. typical values are at t a = +25 c.) (note 1) parameter symbol conditions min typ max units MAX6138a (0.1%) 2.0460 2.0480 2.0500 MAX6138b (0.2%) 2.0439 2.0480 2.0521 reverse breakdown voltage (note 2) v r t a = +25 c MAX6138c (0.5%) 2.0378 2.0480 2.0582 mv minimum operating current i rmin 45 65 a reverse voltage temperature coefficient (notes 2, 3) tc 4 25 ppm/ c i rmin i r 1ma 0.3 1.0 reverse breakdown voltage change with operating current change ? v r / ? i r 1ma i r 15ma 2.5 8.0 mv reverse dynamic impedance (note 3) z r i r = 1ma, f = 120hz, i ac = 0.1i r 0.3 0.8 ? wideband noise e n 10hz f 10khz 28 v rms reverse breakdown voltage long-term stability ? v r t = 1000h 120 ppm parameter symbol conditions min typ max units MAX6138a (0.1%) 2.4975 2.5000 2.5025 MAX6138b (0.2%) 2.4950 2.5000 2.5050 reverse breakdown voltage (note 2) v r t a = +25 c MAX6138c (0.2%) 2.4875 2.5000 2.5125 mv minimum operating current i rmin 45 65 a reverse voltage temperature coefficient (notes 2, 3) tc 4 25 ppm/ c reverse breakdown voltage change with operating current change ? v r / ? i r i rmin i r 1ma 0.3 1.0 mv
MAX6138 0.1%, 25ppm, sc70 shunt voltage reference with multiple reverse breakdown voltages 4 _______________________________________________________________________________________ parameter symbol conditions min typ max units rever se br eakd ow n v ol tag e c hang e w i th op er ati ng c ur r ent c hang e ? v r / ? i r 1ma i r 15ma 2.5 8.0 mv reverse dynamic impedance (note 3) z r i r = 1ma, f = 120hz, i ac = 0.1i r 0.3 0.8 ? wideband noise e n 10hz f 10khz 35 v rms reverse breakdown voltage long-term stability ? v r t = 1000h 120 ppm parameter symbol conditions min typ max units MAX6138a (0.1%) 2.9970 3.0000 3.0030 MAX6138b (0.2%) 2.9940 3.0000 3.0060 reverse breakdown voltage (note 2) v r t a = +25 c MAX6138c (0.5%) 2.9850 3.0000 3.0150 mv minimum operating current i rmin 45 65 a reverse voltage temperature coefficient (notes 2, 3) tc 4 25 ppm/ c i rmin i r 1ma 0.3 1.0 reverse breakdown voltage change with operating current change ? v r / ? i r 1ma i r 15ma 2.5 8.0 mv reverse dynamic impedance (note 3) z r i r = 1ma, f =120hz, i ac = 0.1i r 0.3 0.8 ? wideband noise e n 10hz f 10khz 45 v rms reverse breakdown voltage long-term stability ? v r t = 1000h 120 ppm electrical characteristics MAX6138_25 (2.5v) (continued) (i r = 100a, t a = -40 c to +85 c, unless otherwise noted. typical values are at t a = +25 c.) (note 1) electrical characteristics MAX6138_30 (3.0v) (i r = 100a, t a = -40 c to +85 c, unless otherwise noted. typical values are at t a = +25 c.) (note 1)
MAX6138 0.1%, 25ppm, sc70 shunt voltage reference with multiple reverse breakdown voltages _______________________________________________________________________________________ 5 parameter symbol conditions min typ max units MAX6138a (0.1%) 4.0919 4.0960 4.1001 MAX6138b (0.2%) 4.0878 4.0960 4.1042 reverse breakdown voltage (note 2) v r t a = +25 c MAX6138c (0.5%) 4.0755 4.0960 4.1165 mv minimum operating current i rmin 50 73 a reverse voltage temperature coefficient (notes 2, 3) tc 4 25 ppm/ c i rmin i r 1ma 0.5 1.2 reverse breakdown voltage change with operating current change ? v r / ? i r 1ma i r 15ma 3.0 10.0 mv reverse dynamic impedance (note 3) z r i r = 1ma, f = 120hz, i ac = 0.1i r 0.5 1.0 ? wideband noise e n 10hz f 10khz 64 v rms reverse breakdown voltage long-term stability ? v r t = 1000h 120 ppm parameter symbol conditions min typ max units MAX6138a (0.1%) 4.9950 5.0000 5.0050 MAX6138b (0.2%) 4.9900 5.0000 5.0100 reverse breakdown voltage (note 2) v r t a = +25 c MAX6138c (0.5%) 4.9750 5.0000 5.0250 mv minimum operating current i rmin 54 80 a reverse voltage temperature coefficient (notes 2, 3) tc 4 25 ppm/ c i rmin i r 1ma 0.5 1.4 reverse breakdown voltage change with operating current change ? v r / ? i r 1ma i r 15ma 3.5 12.0 mv electrical characteristics MAX6138_41 (4.096v) (i r = 100a, t a = -40 c to +85 c, unless otherwise noted. typical values are at t a = +25 c.) (note 1) electrical characteristics MAX6138_50 (5.0v) (i r = 100a, t a = -40 c to +85 c, unless otherwise noted. typical values are at t a = +25 c.) (note 1)
MAX6138 0.1%, 25ppm, sc70 shunt voltage reference with multiple reverse breakdown voltages 6 _______________________________________________________________________________________ typical operating characteristics (i r = 100a, t a = +25 c, unless otherwise noted.) 0 2 1 4 3 5 6 040 20 60 80 100 reverse characteristics and minimum operating current MAX6138 toc01 reverse current ( a) reverse voltage (v) MAX6138_50 MAX6138_41 MAX6138_30 MAX6138_25 MAX6138_12 MAX6138_20 1.2215 1.2210 1.2205 1.2200 1.2195 -40 20 -20 0 40 60 80 MAX6138_12 temperature drift MAX6138 toc02 temperature ( c) reverse voltage (v) 3 typical parts 2.4890 2.4990 2.4895 2.5000 2.4995 2.5010 2.5005 2.5015 -40 0 20 -20 40 60 80 MAX6138_25 temperature drift MAX6138 toc03 temperature ( c) reverse voltage (v) 3 typical parts electrical characteristics MAX6138_50 (5.0v) (continued) (i r = 100a, t a = -40 c to +85 c, unless otherwise noted. typical values are at t a = +25 c.) (note 1) note 1: all devices are 100% production tested at +25 c and are guaranteed by correlation for t a = t max to t min , as specified. note 2: tc is measured by the box method, i.e. (v max - v min ) / (t max - t min ) note 3: guaranteed by design. parameter symbol conditions min typ max units reverse dynamic impedance (note 3) z r i r = 1ma, f = 120hz, i ac = 0.1i r 0.5 1.1 ? wideband noise e n 10hz f 10khz 80 v rms reverse breakdown voltage long-term stability ? v r t = 1000h 120 ppm
MAX6138 0.1%, 25ppm, sc70 shunt voltage reference with multiple reverse breakdown voltages _______________________________________________________________________________________ 7 4.996 4.998 4.997 5.000 4.999 5.002 5.001 5.003 -40 0 20 -20 40 60 80 MAX6138_50 temperature drift MAX6138 toc04 temperature ( c) reverse voltage (v) 3 typical parts 0 1.5 1.0 0.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 0 5 10 20 15 MAX6138_12 reverse voltage vs. i shunt max61438 toc05 i shunt (ma) reverse voltage change (mv) t a = +85 c t a = +25 c t a = -40 c 0 1.5 1.0 0.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 0 5 10 20 15 MAX6138_25 reverse voltage vs. i shunt max61438 toc06 i shunt (ma) reverse voltage change (mv) t a = +85 c t a = +25 c t a = -40 c 0 1.5 1.0 0.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 0 5 10 20 15 MAX6138_50 reverse voltage vs. i shunt max61438 toc07 i shunt (ma) reverse voltage change (mv) t a = +85 c t a = +25 c t a = -40 c 4 s/div MAX6138_12 load-transient response i shunt = 100 a 25 a r l = 48k ? +25 a v r ac-coupled 10mv/div MAX6138 toc08 -25 a 10 s/div MAX6138_25 load-transient response i shunt = 100 a r l = 100k ? +25 a v r ac-coupled 10mv/div MAX6138 toc09 -25 a typical operating characteristics (continued) (i r = 100a, t a = +25 c, unless otherwise noted.) 1k ? v b + - i shunt + i load v r r l v gen figure 1. load transient circuit
MAX6138 0.1%, 25ppm, sc70 shunt voltage reference with multiple reverse breakdown voltages 8 _______________________________________________________________________________________ 40 s/div MAX6138_50 load-transient response i shunt = 100 a r l = 100k ? +25 a v r ac-coupled 20mv/div MAX6138 toc10 -25 a 10 s/div MAX6138_12 load-transient response i shunt = 1ma r l = 10k ? +250 a v r ac-coupled 2.0mv/div MAX6138 toc11 -250 a 10 s/div MAX6138_25 load-transient response i shunt = 1ma r l = 10k ? +250 a v r ac-coupled 10mv/div MAX6138 toc12 -250 a 40 s/div MAX6138_50 load-transient response +250 a v r ac-coupled 2mv/div MAX6138 toc13 -250 a i shunt = 1ma r l = 10k ? typical operating characteristics (continued) (i r = 100a, t a = +25 c, unless otherwise noted.) r s v in 1hz rate 50% duty cycle v r figure 2. startup characteristics test circuit
MAX6138 0.1%, 25ppm, sc70 shunt voltage reference with multiple reverse breakdown voltages _______________________________________________________________________________________ 9 10 s/div MAX6138_12 load-transient response i shunt = 10ma r l = 1k ? +2.5ma v r ac-coupled 100mv/div MAX6138 toc14 -2.5ma 10 s/div MAX6138_25 load-transient response i shunt = 10ma r l = 1k ? +2.5ma v r ac-coupled 5mv/div MAX6138 toc15 -2.5ma 40 s/div MAX6138_50 load-transient response i shunt = 10ma r l = 1k ? +2.5ma v r ac-coupled 100mv/div MAX6138 toc16 -2.5ma 200ns/div MAX6138_12 startup characteristics i shunt = 100 a r s = 30k ? 0 5v 0 MAX6138 toc17 1.2v v in v out 2 s/div MAX6138_25 startup characteristics i shunt = 100 a r s = 30k ? 0 5v 0 MAX6138 toc18 2v v in v out 100 s/div MAX6138_50 startup characteristics i shunt = 100 a r s = 16k ? 0 v in v out 5v 0 MAX6138 toc19 5v 100 10k 1k 100k 1m MAX6138_12 output impedance vs. frequency MAX6138 toc20 frequency (hz) impedance ( ? ) 1000 0.1 1 10 100 c l = 0 i r = c l = 1 f i r = 1ma 150 a typical operating characteristics (continued) (i r = 100a, t a = +25 c, unless otherwise noted.)
MAX6138 0.1%, 25ppm, sc70 shunt voltage reference with multiple reverse breakdown voltages 10 ______________________________________________________________________________________ typical operating characteristics (continued) (i r = 100a, t a = +25 c, unless otherwise noted.) 0.1 10 1 100 1000 MAX6138_25 output impedance vs. frequency max61438 toc21 frequency (hz) impedance ( ? ) 1000 0.1 1 10 100 i r = 150 a i r = 1ma c l = 1 f c l = 0 0.1 10 1 100 1000 MAX6138_50 output impedance vs. frequency MAX6138 toc22 frequency (hz) impedance ( ? ) 100 0.1 1 10 i r = 150 a i r = 1ma c l = 0 c l = 1 f 1 100 10k MAX6138_12 noise vs. frequency MAX6138 toc23 frequency (hz) noise (nv hz) 10,000 100 1000 10 1k 1 100 10 1k 10k MAX6138_25 noise vs. frequency MAX6138 toc24 frequency (hz) 10,000 100 1000 noise (nv/ hz) 1 100 10 1k 10k MAX6138_50 noise vs. frequency MAX6138 toc25 frequency (hz) 10,000 100 1000 noise (nv/ hz)
MAX6138 0.1%, 25ppm, sc70 shunt voltage reference with multiple reverse breakdown voltages ______________________________________________________________________________________ 11 detailed description the MAX6138 shunt reference uses the bandgap prin- ciple to produce a stable, accurate voltage. the device behaves similarly to an ideal zener diode; a fixed volt- age is maintained across its output terminals when biased with 60a to 15ma of reverse current. the MAX6138 behaves similarly to a silicon diode when biased with forward currents up to 10ma. figure 3 shows a typical operating circuit. the MAX6138 is ideal for providing a stable reference from a high-voltage power supply. applications information the MAX6138 s internal pass transistor is used to main- tain a constant output voltage (v shunt ) by sinking the necessary amount of current across a source resistor. the source resistance (r s ) is determined from the load current (i load ) range, supply voltage (v s ) variations, v shunt , and desired quiescent current. choose the value of r s when v s is at a minimum and i load is at a maximum. maintain a minimum i shunt of 60a at all times. the r s value should be large enough to keep i shunt less than 15ma for proper regulation when v s is maximum and i load is at a minimum. to prevent damage to the device, i shunt should never exceed 20ma. therefore, the value of r s is bounded by the following equation: [v s(min) - v r ] / [60a + i load(max) ] > r s > [v s(max ) - v r ] / [20ma + i load(min) ] choosing a larger resistance minimizes the total power dissipation in the circuit by reducing the shunt current (p d(total) = v s x i shunt ). provide a safety margin to incorporate the worst-case tolerance of the resistor used. ensure that the resistor s power rating is ade- quate, using the following general power equation: pd r = i shunt ? (v s(max) - v shunt ) output capacitance the MAX6138 does not require an external capacitor for operational stability and is stable for any output capacitance. temperature performance the MAX6138 typically exhibits an output voltage tem- perature coefficient within 4ppm/ c. the polarity of the temperature coefficient may be different from one device to another; some may have positive coefficients, and others may have negative coefficients. chip information transistor count: 70 process: bicmos pin description pin name function 1 + positive terminal of the shunt reference 2 - negative terminal of the shunt reference 3 n.c. no connection. leave this pin unconnected or connect to pin 2. MAX6138 i load i shunt r s v s v r i shunt + i load figure 3. typical operating circuit
MAX6138 0.1%, 25ppm, sc70 shunt voltage reference with multiple reverse breakdown voltages 12 ______________________________________________________________________________________ ordering information part output voltage initial accuracy (%) temp. range pin-package top mark MAX6138aexr12-t 1.2205 0.1 -40 c to +85 c 3 sc70-3 aew MAX6138bexr12-t 1.2205 0.2 -40 c to +85 c 3 sc70-3 aex MAX6138cexr12-t 1.2205 0.5 -40 c to +85 c 3 sc70-3 aey MAX6138aexr21-t 2.0480 0.1 -40 c to +85 c 3 sc70-3 afa MAX6138bexr21-t 2.0480 0.2 -40 c to +85 c 3 sc70-3 afb MAX6138cexr21-t 2.0480 0.5 -40 c to +85 c 3 sc70-3 afc MAX6138aexr25-t 2.5000 0.1 -40 c to +85 c 3 sc70-3 afe MAX6138bexr25-t 2.5000 0.2 -40 c to +85 c 3 sc70-3 aff MAX6138cexr25-t 2.5000 0.5 -40 c to +85 c 3 sc70-3 afg MAX6138aexr30-t 3.0000 0.1 -40 c to +85 c 3 sc70-3 afi MAX6138bexr30-t 3.0000 0.2 -40 c to +85 c 3 sc70-3 afj MAX6138cexr30-t 3.0000 0.5 -40 c to +85 c 3 sc70-3 afk MAX6138aexr41-t 4.0960 0.1 -40 c to +85 c 3 sc70-3 afm MAX6138bexr41-t 4.0960 0.2 -40 c to +85 c 3 sc70-3 afn MAX6138cexr41-t 4.0960 0.5 -40 c to +85 c 3 sc70-3 afo MAX6138aexr50-t 5.0000 0.1 -40 c to +85 c 3 sc70-3 afq MAX6138bexr50-t 5.0000 0.2 -40 c to +85 c 3 sc70-3 afr MAX6138cexr50-t 5.0000 0.5 -40 c to +85 c 3 sc70-3 afs
MAX6138 0.1%, 25ppm, sc70 shunt voltage reference with multiple reverse breakdown voltages maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a maxim product. no circu it patent licenses are implied. maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. maxim integrated products, 120 san gabriel drive, sunnyvale, ca 94086 408-737-7600 ____________________ 13 ? 2001 maxim integrated products printed usa is a registered trademark of maxim integrated products. package information sc70, 3l.eps

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