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TCA3727G 2-phase stepper motor driver bipolar ic data sheet, rev. 2.2, january 2008 automotive power
pg-dso-24-13 type package marking TCA3727G pg-dso-24-13 tca 3727g data sheet 4 rev. 2.2, 2009-01-22 2-phase stepper motor driver bipolar ic TCA3727G features ?2 0.75 amp. / 50 v outputs ? integrated driver, control logic and current control (chopper) ? fast free-wheeling diodes ? max. supply voltage 52 v ? outputs free of crossover current ? offset-phase turn-on of output stages ? z-diode for logic supply ? low standby-current drain ? full, half, quarter, mini step ? green (rohs compliant) thermally enhanced so package ? aec qualified description TCA3727G is a bipolar, monolithic ic for driving bipola r stepper motors, dc motors and other inductive loads that operate on constant current. the control logic and power output stages for two bipolar windings are integrated on a single chip which permits switched current control of motors with 0.75 a per phase at operating voltages up to 50 v. the direction and value of current are programmed for each phase via separate control inputs. a common oscillator generates the timing for the current control and turn-on with phase offset of the two output stages. the two output stages in a full-bridge configuration have int egrated, fast free-wheeling diodes and are free of crossover current. the logic is supplied either separately with 5 v or taken from the motor supply voltage by way of a series resistor and an integrat ed z-diode. the device can be dr iven directly by a microprocessor with the possibility of all modes from full step through half step to mini step.
data sheet 5 rev. 2.2, 2009-01-22 TCA3727G figure 1 pin configuration (top view) table 1 pin definitions and functions pin no. function 1, 2, 23, 24 digital control inputs ix0, ix1 for the magnitude of the current of the particular phase. see table 2 . 3 input phase 1; controls the current through phase winding 1. on h-potential the phase current flows from q11 to q12, on l-potential in the reverse direction. 5, 6, 7, 8, 17, 18, 19, 20 ground; all pins are connected internally. 4 oscillator; works at approx. 25 khz if this pin is wired to ground across 2.2 nf. 10 resistor r 1 for sensing the current in phase 1. 9, 12 push-pull outputs q11, q12 for phase 1 with integrated free-wheeling diodes. 11 supply voltage; block to ground, as close as possible to the ic, with a stable electrolytic capacitor of at least 10 f in parallel with a ceramic capacitor of 220 nf. 14 logic supply voltage; either supply with 5 v or connect to + v s across a series resistor. a z-diode of approx. 7 v is integrated. in both cases block to ground directly on the ic with a stable electrolytic capacitor of 10 f in parallel with a cerami c capacitor of 100 nf. 13, 16 push-pull outputs q22, q21 for phase 2 with integrated free wheeling diodes. 15 resistor r 2 for sensing the current in phase 2. 21 inhibit input; the ic can be put on standby by low potential on this pin. this reduces the current consumption substantially. 22 input phase 2; controls the current flow through phase winding 2. on h-potential the phase current flows from q21 to q22, on l potential in the reverse direction. q12 q22 q21 gnd gnd osc phase 1 phase 2 11 r 1 iep00898 10 gnd q11 v s ++ l v 2 r inhibit 20 21 gnd 24 1 23 2 22 3 21 4 20 5 19 6 18 7 17 8 16 9 15 10 14 11 13 12 gnd gnd gnd gnd
TCA3727G data sheet 6 rev. 2.2, 2009-01-22 figure 2 block diagram tca 3727g table 2 digital control inputs ix0, ix1 typical i max with r sense = 1 ? , 750 ma ix1 ix0 phase current example of motor status h h 0 no current h l 1/3 i max hold l h 2/3 i max set ll i max accelerate ieb00899 d14 d13 d12 d11 t14 t12 t13 t11 14 11 9 12 10 q11 q12 r 1 4 1 2 3 oscillator functional logic + v ls v + 11 gnd phase 1 phase 1 phase 1 5-8, 17-19 phase 2 phase 2 phase 2 logic functional inhibit 22 23 24 21 2 r q22 q21 15 13 16 t21 t23 t22 t24 d21 d22 d23 d24 inhibit 10 20 21
data sheet 7 rev. 2.2, 2009-01-22 TCA3727G note: stresses above those listed here may cause perma nent damage to the device. exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. note: in the operating range, th e functions given in the circuit description are fulfilled. table 3 absolute maximum ratings t a = -40 to 125 c parameter symbol limit values unit remarks min. max. supply voltage v s 052v? logic supply voltage v l 06.5vz-diode z-current of v l i l ?50ma? output current i q -1 1 a ? ground current i gnd -2 2 a ? logic inputs v ixx -6 v l + 0.3 v ixx; phase 1, 2; inhibit r 1 , r 2 , oscillator input voltage v rx, v osc -0.3 v l + 0.3 v ? junction temperature t j ? ? 125 150 c c ? max. 10,000 h storage temperature t stg -50 125 c? table 4 operating range parameter symbol limit values unit remarks min. max. supply voltage v s 550v? logic supply voltage v l 4.5 6.5 v without series resistor case temperature t c -40 110 c measured on pin 5 p diss = 2 w output current i q -1000 1000 ma ? logic inputs v ixx -5 v l v ixx; phase 1, 2; inhibit thermal resistances junction ambient r th ja ? 75 k/w pg-dso-24-13 junction ambient (soldered on a 35 m thick 20 cm 2 pc board copper area) r th ja ? 50 k/w pg-dso-24-13 junction case r th jc ? 15 k/w measured on pin 5 pg- dso-24-13
TCA3727G data sheet 8 rev. 2.2, 2009-01-22 table 5 characteristics v s = 40 v; v l = 5 v; -25 c t j 125 c parameter symbol limit values unit test condition min. typ. max. current consumption from + v s i s ?0.20.5ma v inh = l from + v s i s ?1620ma v inh = h i q1/2 = 0, ixx = l from + v l i l ?1.73ma v inh = l from + v l i l ?1825ma v inh = h i q1/2 = 0, ixx = l oscillator output charging current i osc ? 110 ? a? charging threshold v oscl ?1.3?v? discharging threshold v osch ?2.3?v? frequency f osc 18 25 35 khz c osc = 2.2 nf phase current selection ( r 1 ; r 2 ) current limit threshold no current v sense n ?0?mvix0 = h; ix1 = h hold v sense h 200 250 300 mv ix0 = l; ix1 = h setpoint v sense s 460 540 620 mv ix0 = h; ix1 = l accelerate v sense a 740 825 910 mv ix0 = l; ix1 = l logic inputs (ix1; ix0; phase x) threshold v i 1.4 (h l) ?2.3 (l h) v? l-input current i il -10 ? ? a v i = 1.4 v l-input current i il -100 ? ? a v i = 0 v h-input current i ih ??10 a v i = 5 v standby cutout (inhibit) threshold v inh (l h)234v? threshold v inh (h l) 1.7 2.3 2.9 v ? hysteresis v inhhy 0.3 0.7 1.1 v ? internal z-diode z-voltage v lz 6.5 7.4 8.2 v i l = 50 ma power outputs diode transistor sink pair (d13, t13; d14, t14; d23, t23; d24, t24) saturation voltage v satl ?0.30.6v i q = -0.5 a saturation voltage v satl ?0.51v i q = -0.75 a reverse current i rl ??300 a v q = 40 v forward voltage v fl ?0.91.3v i q = 0.5 a forward voltage v fl ?11.4v i q = 0.75 a
data sheet 9 rev. 2.2, 2009-01-22 TCA3727G note: the listed characteristics are ensured over the operating range of the integrated circuit. typical characteristics specify mean values expected over th e production spread. if not otherwise specified, typical characteristics apply at t a = 25 c and the given supply voltage. diode transistor source pair (d11, t11; d12, t12; d21, t21; d22, t22) saturation voltage v satuc ?0.91.2v i q = 0.5 a; charge saturation voltage v satud ?0.30.7v i q = 0.5 a; discharge saturation voltage v satuc ?1.11.4v i q = 0.75 a; charge saturation voltage v satud ?0.51v i q = 0.75 a; discharge reverse current i ru ??300 a v q = 0 v forward voltage v fu ?11.3v i q = -0.5 a forward voltage v fu ?1.11.4v i q = -0.75 a diode leakage current i sl ?12ma i f = -0.75 a table 5 characteristics (cont?d) v s = 40 v; v l = 5 v; -25 c t j 125 c parameter symbol limit values unit test condition min. typ. max.
TCA3727G data sheet 10 rev. 2.2, 2009-01-22 quiescent current i s, i l versus supply voltage v s ) quiescent current i s , i l versus junction temperature t j output current i qx versus junction temperature t j operating condition: ? v l = 5 v ? v inh = h ? c osc = 2.2 nf ? r sense = 1 ? ? load: l = 10 mh, r = 2.4 ? ? f phase = 50 hz ? mode: fullstep 0102030v50 0 10 20 30 40 ma xx = h = l xx j t = 25 c s l l ied01655 v s s , l -25 0 25 50 75 100 150 c ied01656 xx = h = l xx = 40v l l s j t 0 10 40 20 s , 30 l ma v s -25 0 25 50 75 100 c 150 j t qx ied01657 0 200 800 400 600 ma
data sheet 11 rev. 2.2, 2009-01-22 TCA3727G output saturation voltages v sat versus output current i q forward current i f of free-wheeling diodes versus forward voltages v f typical power dissipation p tot versus output current i q (non stepping) permissible power dissipation p tot versus case temperature t c 0 0 0.5 0.2 0.4 0.6 1.0 v 1.5 v f f 0.8 a t j 1.0 = 25 c fl vv fu ied01167 p-dso-24 measured at pin 5. ied01660 0 6 8 w tot p 12 100 -25 0 50 25 75 c 175 t c 10 4 2 125
TCA3727G data sheet 12 rev. 2.2, 2009-01-22 input characteristics of ixx, phase x, inhibit in put current of inhibit versus junction temperature t j oscillator frequency f osc versus junction temperature t j v l = 5v -6 -5 -2 3.9 2 6 ied01661 0.8 0.4 0 0.4 ma ixx 0.8 v v ixx 0.2 0.6 0.6 0.2 15 20 25 30 khz -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 c 150 v s l v osz c = 40v = 5v = 2.2nf osc f j t ied01663
data sheet 13 rev. 2.2, 2009-01-22 TCA3727G figure 3 test circuit figure 4 application circuit ies00706 1 2 3 21 24 23 22 14 11 9 12 16 13 415 gnd osc 5, 6 7,8,17,18,19,20 r 1 1 ? r 2 ? 1 2.2 nf phase 1 phase 2 inhibit v l v s q11 q12 q21 q22 tca 3727 220 nf 100 f 220 nf 100 f l s gnd osc v osc q fu r ru satl - - v satu v fu v s - v v l h l h 10 11 21 20 v fl - sense v v v sense 10 ies00707 1 2 3 21 24 23 22 14 11 9 12 16 13 45 gnd osc 5, 6,7,8 17,18,19,20 r 1 1 ? r 2 ? 1 2.2 nf micro controller 11 20 21 phase 1 phase 2 inhibit v l v s q11 q12 q21 q22 tca 3727 m 220 nf 100 f +40 v +5 v 220 nf 100 f 10 10
TCA3727G data sheet 14 rev. 2.2, 2009-01-22 figure 5 full-step operation t ied01666 accelerate mode normal mode acc set l h l h l h phase 1 i q1 i 10 11 set i i acc i set i acc i q2 acc set i 21 20 h h l l l h phase 2 t t t t t t t
data sheet 15 rev. 2.2, 2009-01-22 TCA3727G figure 6 half-step operation t t t t t t ied01667 t accelerate mode normal mode t 21 20 phase 2 l l h h h l q2 - - - i set acc i i set acc i acc i q1 - phase 1 set i set i l acc i h 10 11 h h l l
TCA3727G data sheet 16 rev. 2.2, 2009-01-22 figure 7 quarter-step operation
data sheet 17 rev. 2.2, 2009-01-22 TCA3727G figure 8 mini-step operation h l h l h l i set i hold 10 11 phase 1 q1 t ied01665 acc i set i i hold acc i i acc set i set hold acc hold i i i i q2 l h h l l h 20 21 phase 2 t t t t t t t
TCA3727G data sheet 18 rev. 2.2, 2009-01-22 figure 9 current control osc v 0 gnd v q12 v s + 0 s + v v + s + v s t t v fu sat 1 v satu d v satu c v phase x phase x operating conditions: v r l s = 40 v = 10 mh = 20 ied01177 0 ? 2.4 v 1.4 v 0 t t v q11 v q22 v q21 t t t v l = 5 v inhibit xx v v v phase x = h = l = h
data sheet 19 rev. 2.2, 2009-01-22 TCA3727G figure 10 phase reversal and inhibit inhibit oscillator high imped. oscillator high imped. phase 1 phase changeover high impedance high impedance high impe- dance slow current decay fast current decay ied01178 gnd v osc 2.3 v 1.3 v 0 l l n 0 t v q11 satl v fu v v satu c satu d v fl v s v + phase 1 fast current decay by inhibit slow current decay operating conditions: v s = 40 v v = 5 v phase 1 l phase 1 r 1x = 20 = l; v + s q12 v = 10 mh ? 1x = h t t t t t t
TCA3727G data sheet 20 rev. 2.2, 2009-01-22 calculation of power dissipation the total power dissipation p tot is made up of ? saturation losses p sat (transistor saturation voltage and diode forward voltages), ? quiescent losses p q (quiescent current times supply voltage) and ? switching losses p s (turn-on / turn-off operations). the following equations give the power dissipation for chopp er operation without phase reversal. this is the worst case, because full current flows for the entire time and switching losses occur in addition. p tot = 2 p sat + p q + 2 p s (1) where ? p sat ? i n { v satl d + v fu (1 - d ) + v satuc d + v satud (1 - d )} ? p q = i q v s + i l v l (2) ? i n = nominal current (mean value) ? i q = quiescent current ? i d = reverse current during turn-on delay ? i r = peak reverse current ? t p = conducting time of chopper transistor ? t on = turn-on time ? t off = turn-off time ? t don = turn-on delay ? t doff = turn-off delay ? t = cycle duration ? d = duty cycle t p /t ? v satl = saturation voltage of sink transistor (t3, t4) ? v satuc = saturation voltage of source transistor (t1, t2) during charge cycle ? v satud = saturation voltage of source transistor (t1, t2) during discharge cycle ? v fu = forward voltage of free-wheeling diode (d1, d2) ? v s = supply voltage ? v l = logic supply voltage ? i l = current from logic supply p s v s t ------ i d t don 2 ---------------------- i d i r + t on 4 ------------------------------ i n 2 ---- - t doff t off + ++ ?? ?? ?? ?
data sheet 21 rev. 2.2, 2009-01-22 TCA3727G figure 11 figure 12 dx3 dx4 dx1 dx2 v s + tx3 tx1 tx4 tx2 l v sense sense r ies01179 iet01210 voltage and current at chopper transistor t d t on off t off t p t v satl v sfu v + i d i r n turn-on turn-off + v fu s v t d on
TCA3727G data sheet 22 rev. 2.2, 2009-01-22 application hints the TCA3727G is intended to drive both phases of a st epper motor. special care has been taken to provide high efficiency, robustness and to minimize external components. power supply the TCA3727G will work with supply voltag es ranging from 5 v to 50 v at pin v s . as the circuit operates with chopper regulation of the current, interference generatio n problems can arise in some applications. therefore the power supply should be decoupled by a 0.22 f ceramic capacitor located n ear the package. unstabilized supplies may even afford higher capacities. current sensing the current in the windings of the stepper motor is sensed by the voltage drop across r 1 and r 2 . depending on the selected current in ternal comparators will turn off the sink tran sistor as soon as the voltage drop reaches certain thresholds (typical 0 v, 0.25 v, 0.5 v and 0.75 v); ( r 1 , r 2 = 1 ? ). these thresholds are neither affected by variations of v l nor by variations of v s . due to chopper control fast current rises (up to 10 a/ s) will occur at the sensing resistors r 1 and r 2 . to prevent malfunction of the current sensing mechanism r 1 and r 2 should be pure ohmic. the resistors should be wired to gnd as directly as possible. capacitive loads such as long cables (with high wire to wire capacity) to the motor should be avoided for the same reason. synchronizing several choppers in some applications synchronous chopping of several st epper motor drivers may be desirable to reduce acoustic interference. this can be done by fo rcing the oscillator of the TCA3727G by a pulse generator overdriving the oscillator loading curren ts (approximately 100 a). in these applications low level should be between 0 v and 1 v while high level should be between 2.6 v and v l . optimizing noise immunity unused inputs should always be wired to proper voltage levels in order to obtain highest possible noise immunity. to prevent crossconduction of the output stages the TCA3727G uses a special break before make timing of the power transistors. this timing circuit can be triggered by short glitches (some hundred nanoseconds) at the phase inputs causing the output stage to become high resistive during some microsecon ds. this will lead to a fast current decay during that time. to achieve maximum current ac curacy such glitches at the phase inputs should be avoided by proper control signals. thermal shut down to protect the circuit against thermal destruction, thermal shut down has been implemented. to provide a warning in critical applications, the current of the sensing element is wired to input inhibit. before thermal shut down occurs inhibit will start to pull down by some hundred microamper es. this current can be sens ed to build a temperature prealarm.
data sheet 23 rev. 2.2, 2009-01-22 TCA3727G package outlines figure 13 pg-dso-24-13 green product (rohs compliant) to meet the world-wide customer requirements for environmentally friendly products and to be compliant with government regulations the device is available as a green product. green products are rohs-compliant (i.e pb-free finish on leads and suitable for pb-free soldering according to ipc/jedec j-std-020). 2) lead width can be 0.61 max. in dambar area 1) does not include plastic or metal protrusion of 0.15 max. per side index marking 1.27 +0.15 0.35 15.6 1 24 2) -0.4 1) 12 0.2 13 24x 0.1 2.65 max. 0.2 -0.1 2.45 -0.2 0.4 +0.8 10.3 ?.3 0.35 x 45? -0.2 7.6 1) 0.23 +0.09 max. 8? p/pg-dso-24-1, -3, -8, -9, -13, -15, -16-po v01 for further information on alternative packages, please visit our website: http://www.infineon.com/packages . dimensions in mm
TCA3727G data sheet 24 rev. 2.2, 2009-01-22 revision history revision date changes 2.2 2009-01-22 final green data sheet version of TCA3727G page 11 : removed p-dip-20 referenc e in permissible power dissipation vs. case temperature curve. page 13 : updated figure 3 and 4 to pg-dso-24-13 pinout 2.1 2008-12-04 initial vers ion of rohs-compliant derivate of tca3727 page 1: aec certified statement added page 1 and 24: added rohs compliance statement and green product feature page 1 and 24: package changed to rohs compliant version page 25-26: added revision his tory, updated legal disclaimer 2.0 2007-06-25 final data sheet 1.0 1998-12-16 initial release
edition 2009-01-22 published by infineon technologies ag 81726 munich, germany ? 2009 infineon technologies ag all rights reserved. legal disclaimer the information given in this docu ment shall in no event be regarded as a guarantee of conditions or characteristics. with respect to any examples or hints given herein, any typical values stated herein and/or any information regarding the application of the device, infine on technologies hereby disclaims any and all warranties and liabilities of any kind, including witho ut limitation, warranties of non-infrin gement of intellectua l property rights of any third party. information for further information on technology, delivery terms and conditions and prices, please contact the nearest infineon technologies office ( www.infineon.com ). warnings due to technical requirements, components may contain dangerous substances. for information on the types in question, please contact the nearest infineon technologies office. infineon technologies compon ents may be used in life-su pport devices or systems only with the express written approval of infineon technologies, if a failure of such components can reasonably be expected to cause the failure of that life-support device or system or to affect the safe ty or effectiveness of that de vice or system. life support devices or systems are intended to be implanted in the hu man body or to support an d/or maintain and sustain and/or protect human life. if they fail, it is reasonable to assume that the health of the user or other persons may be endangered.

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