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AIC1783A battery charge controller for low power charging analog integrations corporation si-soft research center ds-1783ag-01 20100119 3a1, no.1, li-hsin rd. i , science park , hsinchu 300, taiwan , r.o.c. tel: 886-3-5772500 fax: 886-3-5772510 www.analog.com.tw 1 ? features z fast charge control of nimh/nicd batteries. z fast charge termination by: ? v , 0v safety timer, maximum voltage. z protection against battery voltage fault. z pulsed trickle charge mode. z quick and easy testing for production. z 8-pin dip or so packages. ? applications battery fast chargers for: z mobile phones. z notebook and laptop personal computers. z portable power tools and toys. z portable communication equipment. z portable video & stereo equipment. ? description the AIC1783A fast charge controller ic is designed for intelligent charging of nimh or nicd batteries without the risk of overcharge. ? v detection (-0.25%) and 0v detection (peak voltage timer) are the primary methods employed by the AIC1783A to terminate fast charge. the fast charge can also be cut off by maximum battery voltage along with the safety timer to prevent charging under fault conditions of the charging system or the battery itself. the safety timer period is adjustable for flexible usage that AIC1783A could be applied in the wide range of battery capacity. test mode is provided for charger manufactures to dramatically reduce production test time. ? typical application circuit 2 cells + c1 47 f c2 4.7 f c3 0.1 f r7 100k r8 120k r5 220k r4 68k r6 100k r10 680 led1 r9 200k q1 2sc4672 r2 0.5 r1 680 d1 ll4148 d2 ll4148 ref 1 timer 2 mode 3 gnd 4 led 5 icon 6 vbt 7 vcc 8 u1 AIC1783A v in =5v r3 10k d3 ll4148 nimh/nicd *note: i charge =380ma @v bat =2.8v linear charger for 2 cells nimh/nicd batteries
AIC1783A 2 ? ordering information packing type tr: tape & reel tb: tube package type n: plastic dip s: sm al l outline c: c ommercial p : le ad fr ee comm ercia l g:green package pin configuration 1 3 2 8 6 7 4 5 ref timer mode gnd led vcc vbt icon example: aic1783cstr ? in sop -8 pa ckag e & ta pe & re el packing typ e (cn is not available in tr packing type) aic1783pstr ? in sop-8 lea d free package & tap e & ree l pa ckin g type aic1783gstr ? in sop-8 green package & tape & reel pa cking type a ic1783axxxx top view ? absolute maximum ratings supply voltage .......... ................ ..........??.......???? .......................... ............ .. 5.5v dc voltage applied on any pin ................ ......?????........... ............... ............ 5.5v sink current of icon pin, led pin ............??????....... ..???.................. 20ma operating temperature range ............. ............................ ....???...... -40 c~ 85 c storage temperature rang e ................ ............. ............ ....????...... -65 c~ 150 c ? test circuit + 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 a ic1783a led icon vbt vcc ref timer mode gnd red green 5v 680 680 source voltage 5v r timer 100k 120k 100k 5v -
AIC1783A 3 ? electrical characteristics (t a =25 c, v cc =5v, unless otherwise specified.) parameter test conditions symbol min. typ. max. unit supply voltage v cc 4.5 5.0 5.5 v supply current i cc 1.1 ma voltage protection limit battery low during initial timer after initial timer v bt 0.11 0.63 0.16 0.69 0.21 0.75 v battery high 2.6 2.7 2.80 output impedance led, icon pins on off 1 25 50 m input impedance mode pin 300 k vbt pin 1 m recommended external resistor of timer pin r timer 2 100 1000 k ? v detection accuracy vbt=2v -0.15 -0.25 -0.35 %
AIC1783A 4 ? typical performance characteristics (t a =25 c, r timer =100k , v cc =5v, refer to test circuit) 4.4 4.6 4.8 5.0 5.2 5.4 0.84 0.90 0.96 1.02 1.08 su pp l y current ( ma ) v cc (v) fig. 1 supply current vs. supply voltage safet y timer ( min ) v cc (v) fig. 2 safety timer vs. supply voltage 4.4 4.6 4.8 5.0 5.2 5.4 5.6 78.0 78.5 79.0 79.5 80.0 80.5 81.0 81.5 v cc (v) frequency (hz) fig. 3 led flashing frequency vs. supply voltage 4.4 4.6 4.8 5.0 5.2 5.4 5.6 3.6 3.8 4.0 4.2 4.4 su pp l y current ( ma ) temperature ( c) fig. 4 supply current vs. temperature 0 20 40 60 80 0.80 0.85 0.90 0.95 1.00 1.05 temperature ( c) safety timer (min) fig. 5 safety timer vs. temperature 0 20 40 60 80 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 fre q uenc y ( hz ) temperature ( c) fig. 6 led flashing frequency vs. temperature -20 0 20 40 60 80 3.4 3.6 3.8 4.0 4.2 4.4 4.6 4.8 5.0
AIC1783A 5 ? typical performance characteristics (continued) temperature ( c) v bt (v) fig. 7 vbt (high) limit vs. temperature 0 20 40 60 80 2.60 2.64 2.68 2.72 2.76 2.80 temperature ( c) v bt (v) fig. 8 v bt (low) limit vs. temperature (after initial timer) 0 20 40 60 80 0. 64 0.68 0. 72 0. 76 0. 80 0.8 4 0 20 40 60 80 0.12 0.14 0.16 0.18 0.20 temperature ( c) v bt (v) fig. 9 vbt (low) limit vs. temperature (during initial timer) 0 20 40 60 80 21 24 27 30 33 temperature ( c) out p ut im p edance ( o ) fig.10 output impedance vs. temperature (led, icon pins)
AIC1783A 6 ? block diagram charge control state machine ref icon led vbt battery voltage protection 13-bit a/d display control unit charge control unit timer oscillator vcc gnd bandgap reference & voltage regulator mode mode selection battery voltage protection setting ? pin descriptions pin 1: ref- reference voltage input, acceptable voltage range : (v cc -1.4v) ~ (0.5v cc +0.4v) pin 2: timer- determining the period of safety timer with an external resistor connected to gnd. pin 3: mode- determining the mode of operation for the AIC1783A. pin 4: gnd- power ground. pin 5: led- open-drained output used to indicate the battery charging status. pin 6: icon- open-drained output, used to control the charging current to the battery. pin 7: vbt- divided battery voltage input to sense the battery voltage. pin 8: vcc- power supply input at 5v 10%.
AIC1783A 7 ? application informations operation power-on and battery pre-qualifying when power is first applied to the AIC1783A, all internal digital circuit blocks of the AIC1783A are reset by the internal power-on-reset circuitry and output led flash 3 times to indicate the initiation of power-on. the internal cont rol unit then examines the battery condition through the vbt pin. the acceptable range of vbt pin is 0.16v to 2.7v. if the voltage of vbt pin fails to fall within the predetermined acceptable limits, the AIC1783A enters a charge-suspending mode, in which all the internal circuitry remains in reset state. fast charge after the battery passes fault checks, fast charging begins while initial timer and safety timer of the AIC1783A start counting. functions of ? v detection, peak voltage timer, and maximum battery voltage are, however, disabled temporarily until the initial timer period in the initial stage of a charge cycle elapses. the initial timer period is equal to 1/80 of safety timer. since the low limit of acceptable vbt voltage is only about 0.16v during the initial timer period, even deeply discharged batteries can easily qualify to be fast charged subsequently. in the course of fast charge, the AIC1783A constantly monitors the voltages at vbt pin. the fast charge process is switched to trickle charge when any one of the following situations is encountered, which are explained below: z negative delta voltage ( ? v ) z peak voltage timer ( 0v ) z maximum charge time z maximum battery voltage - v cutoff the AIC1783A makes a voltage sampling at vbt pin every 4 seconds when safety timer period is set equal to 80 minutes. if a negative delta voltage of 0.25% compared to its peak value is detected at vbt pin, the fast charge cycle is terminated. 0 v cutoff if the battery voltage stays at its peak value or decreases very slowly for the duration determined by the peak voltage timer which is 6% of safety timer, the fast charge action is terminated. maximum safety timer cutoff the maximum fast charge period is determined by the safety timer, which is set by a resistor connected from timer pin to gnd. safety timer, ? v , sampling rate will be longer if the resistor value is larger. when the value of the resistor is 100k , the safety timer period equals 80 minutes. after the safety timer period is finished, the fast charge action is terminated. maximum voltage cutoff the AIC1783A guards against the maximum limits for battery voltage during fast charging. if either of these limits is exceeded, fast charge action is terminated. trickle charge the trickle charge after the fast charge to prevent the loss of charge due to battery self-discharging. the duty cycle is set to 1/128 by internal circuitry.
AIC1783A 8 the functions and charging states control mentioned above ar e illustrated in the function flow chart of AIC1783A (fig. 12) design guide battery voltage measurement the AIC1783A measures the battery voltage through vbt pin, which is connected to battery positive terminal through a resistor-divider network, as shown in fig. 11. v bat ra rb c5 4.7 f 7 r5 100k c6 0.1 f AIC1783A vbt + fig. 11 battery voltage divider the suggested divider resistance of ra and rb for the corresponding number of battery cells are as below: table 1 battery cells ra/rb ra (k ) rb (k ) 2~4 2 240 120 3~6 3.3 300 91 4~8 4.9 300 62 5~10 6.4 300 47 6~12 7.8 310 39 8~16 10.8 390 36 setting the period of safety timer the AIC1783A provides a method for linearly adjusting the period of safety timer with an external resistor connected from timer pin to gnd. the relation between safety timer length and the external resistor (r timer ) is shown in fig. 13. the table following shows the resistor values for some of the commonly chosen safety timer periods. also shown in the table are thei r corresponding oscillator frequencies. 0 100 200 300 400 500 0 200 400 600 800 r timer (k ) safety timer (min.) fig. 13 safety timer vs. r timer
AIC1783A 9 power on led flash 3 times if vbt in normal range led displays abnormal, icon on, safety timer reset led display fast charge (icon off) if safety timer period has finished led display battery fulll, fast charge finished, trickle charge starts battery replacement no yes if initial timer finished yes charging (icon off) no if vbt in normal range yes if 0 v is detected if -0.25% v is detected no yes yes yes yes no no no no fig. 12 function flow chart of AIC1783A
AIC1783A 10 table 2 r tmr (k ) osc. freq.(khz) safety timer (min.) 11 256 10 23 131 20 48 65.8 40 74 43.1 60 100 32.8 80 152 21.6 120 206 16.0 160 314 10.6 250 491 6.89 380 667 5.04 520 selecting mode of operation the AIC1783A provides three modes of operation: normal, test, and ac mode determined by the setting of mode pin. the AIC1783A will operate normally when the mode pin is left floating (a 0.1 f capacitor is recommended to be tied to mode pin if the charge circuit works in a noisy environment). when the mode pin is biased to gnd, the function of - v detection is disabled. when the mode pin is biased to v cc , the AIC1783A enters the test mode. the test mode can be used to significantly reduc e production test time. table 3 mode pin mode function vcc test safety timer period scaled down to 1/32 floating normal normal operation gnd ac - v detection disabled display the battery charging status the AIC1783A provides an open-drained output, led pin, to indicate the battery charging status. the outputs of led pin are shown in the following table: power on fast charging charge completed fault conditions led 1hz 4hz flashing on off charging current control as shown in the typical application circuit, the AIC1783A offers an open-drained output pin, icon pin, to control the charging current flow in fast charge state and switch on to inhibit the charging current flow in fault conditions. when fast charge is completed, the AIC1783A enters the trickle charge mode. in trickle charge mode, the icon pin output switches with 1/128 duty cycle. power on fast charging charge completed fault conditions icon on off 1/128 duty cycle on
AIC1783A 11 ? application example ref 1 timer 2 mode 3 gnd 4 led 5 icon 6 vbt 7 vcc 8 u2 AIC1783A c4 0.1 f c1 1 f c3 0.1 f c7 470p c10 47nf rs 0.5/0.25w dc 1 de 2 cf 3 gnd 4 fb 5 vcc 6 is 7 boost 8 u3 aic1563 + c8 220 f r9 390k l1 220 h r1 1k d2 ss24 d1 ss24 + c2 220 f bat1 **battery + c5 1 f + c6 10 f r3 100k r4 120k q1 mmbt2222a r5 120k + c9 4.7 f d4 in4148 d3 1n4148 r10 120/0.25w r2 240k r11 100k vin r6 680 r7 47k r8 10k vin vout gnd u1 78l05 led1 red r12 150k 11~15v **: 2~4 nimh/nicd cells note: charge current: 0.3v/rs ampere safety timer: 120 min fig. 14 switching battery charger circuit with wide input voltage range
AIC1783A 12 ? physical dimensions (unit: mm) z sop-8 note: 1. refer to jedec ms-012aa. 2. dimension "d" does not include mold flash, protrus ions or gate burrs. mold flash , protrusion or gate bur rs shall not exceed 6 mil per side . 3. dimension "e" does not include inter-lead flash or protrusions. 4. controlling dimension is millimeter, converted inc h dimensions are no t necessarily exact. a l view b 0.25 seating plane section a-a base metal gauge plane with plating a1 b c d e aa h e h x 45 see view b h l d e h e c b a1 0.50 0.25 0.40 0 1.27 8 1.27 bsc 4.80 5.80 3.80 0.33 0.19 0.10 5.00 6.20 4.00 0.51 0.25 0.25 s y m b o l a sop-8 millimeters 1.35 min. 1.75 max.
AIC1783A 13 z dip-8 note: information provided by aic is believed to be accurate and reliabl e. however, we cannot assume responsibility for use of any ci rcuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in an aic product; nor for any infringement of patents or other rights of third parties that may result from its use. we reserve the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice. life support policy: aic does not authorize any aic product for us e in life support devices and/or systems. life support device s or systems are devices or systems which, (i) are intended for surgical implant into the body or (ii) support or sustain life, and whose failure to perform, when properly used in accordance with instructions for use provided in the labe ling, can be reasonably expected to result in a significant injury to the user. gauge plane 0.38 a a1 a2 l d1 a b2 a e eb ea e1 d e c with plating section a-a base metal b 2.54 bsc e l eb ea 2.92 7.62 bsc 3.81 10.92 d9.01 e e1 d1 7.62 6.10 0.13 c b2 b 0.20 1.14 0.36 10.16 8.26 7.11 0.35 1.78 0.56 millimeters min. s y m b o l a1 a2 a 0.38 2.92 max. 4.95 5.33 dip-8 note: 1. refer to jedec ms-001ba 2. dimension "d" does not include mold flash, protrus ions or gate burrs. mold flash, protrusion or gate bur rs shall not exceed 10 mil per side . 3. dimension "d1"and "e1" do not include inter-lead f lash or protrusions. 4. controlling dimension is millimeter, converted inc h dimensions are not necessaril y exact.

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